Mphesa za Agate Donskoy: momwe mungakulire zokolola zabwino

Zomera zam'mera, zomwe sizimafuna kuyesetsa kwambiri kuti zikule ndi kusamalira, zikufunika kwambiri masiku ano. Koma amapatsa mwayi kuti atolole zipatso zokoma ndi zopatsa thanzi. Mitundu ya Agat Donskoy ilinso ya mbewu zotere. Mphesa wosazindikira komanso wofatsa womwe umakula ngakhale mu nyengo zovutitsa zakumpoto.

Mbiri yakulima mphesa mitundu Agat Donskoy

Mitundu ya mphesa ya Agat Donskoy idapezeka mu 1986 ndikuwolotsa mphesa zosakanizidwa (Dawn of the North x Dolores) ndi mitundu ya Russianky Ranniy. Ntchito zosankhidwa zinachitidwa kumayeso a All-Russian Research Institute of Viticulture ndi Winemaking otchedwa Ya.I. Potapenko (VNIIViV im.Ya.I. Potapenko, Russia). Dzina loyambirira la mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi Vityaz. Pansi pa dzina loti mphesa za Agate Donskoy zidaphatikizidwa m'kaundula wa boma pazosankhidwa mu 1992.

Kuchokera pamitundu ya makolo Agat Donskoy adalandira zabwino zawo:

1. Zarya Severa osiyanasiyana amachokera ku Michurin Mbeera ya Malengra, adawolokoka ndi mphesa zamtchire Amur. Zosiyanasiyana zimadziwika ndi nthawi yakucha kwapakatikati (nyengo yakula - masiku 120), kukana kwambiri chisanu (mpaka -32^ºC) ndi kukana matenda ofewa. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati luso la mphesa zosiyanasiyana.
2. Mitundu ya Dolores idapezeka kuchokera pakupanga mitundu (Nimrang + Amursky). Mitundu yake ndi yapamwamba kwambiri ya zipatso, chisanu, chisangalalo chochuluka cha mbewu.
3. Mitundu yoyambirira yaku Russia imakhala ndi nthawi yakucha kwambiri (masamba 105-110 masiku), zipatso zokhala ndi shuga wambiri (17-21%), zokolola zabwino, kukana chisanu mpaka -23^ºC, sing'anga kukana matenda fungal (mildew, oidium, imvi zowola).

Zithunzi Zithunzi: Kholo la Parent Agat Donskoy mphesa

Kanema: chiwonetsero cha mphesa za Agate Donskoy

Kulongosola mphesa Agate Donskoy

1. Zosiyanasiyana ndi zamphamvu. Mlingo wakucha mphukira ndiwokwera, mpaka 75-80%.
2. Chitsamba chimakhala ndi mizu yolimba bwino, yokhala ndi mizu yambiri. Mizu ya calcaneal pansi.
3. Kukula kwa mphesa ndi bisexual, zomwe zimathandizira kudzipukusa tchire.
4. Magulu a mphesa zapakatikati osazungulira, opangidwa ndi mawonekedwe ofunikira, apamwamba kukula kwake, kulemera kwa magalamu 400 mpaka 600.
5. Zipatsozo ndizazungulira, zamtambo wakuda ndi utoto wokhala ndi mawonekedwe a waxy (kasupe). Chigoba cha chipatsocho ndi cholimba, chotsekedwa, zamkati ndi zonenepa, khirisipi. Unyinji wa mabulosi amodzi ndi 4-6 g.
6. Kukoma kwa zipatso ndikosangalatsa, koma kosavuta, kopanda fungo. Shuga zomwe zili ndi zipatso ndizapakati - 14-15%. Kulawa pamasewera 3.8 pa mfundo zisanu.

Agat Donskoy wosiyanasiyana ali ndi maluwa okongola, motero, safunikira kupukutidwa kowonjezereka. Ngati ndi kotheka, atha kukhala wopereka pollinator wa mitundu ina

Kuchuluka kwake komanso mtundu wa mbewu zimadalira mwachangu mphamvu ya chitsamba, mphamvu yakukula kwake. Ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yakukula, zokolola zimachulukirachulukira, mtundu wake umakhala bwino, kukula kwa masango ndi zipatso, kuchuluka kwa mphukira pach chitsamba, kukula kwa mphukira iliyonse kumawonjezeka. Ngati mbewuyo imakhala ndi zonse zofunikira pamoyo, ndiye kuti mbewuyo singathe kuletsa chilichonse.

A.S. Merzhanian, dokotala s. sayansi, pulofesa

Magazini Oyang'anira Magazi, Na. 6, Juni 2017

Makhalidwe a Gulu

Mphesa za Agate Donskoy malinga ndi zipatso zam'mawa ndizoyambira, nyengo yomwe ikukula ndiyambira 115 mpaka masiku 120. Zokolola pakati pa msewu wakucha kumapeto kwa Ogasiti komanso kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala (kumwera kumwera - kumapeto kwa Ogasiti). Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zokolola zambiri, zokhazikika. Kuchokera pachitsamba chimodzi mukamakula m'nyumba mutha kupitanso 50 kg za zipatso. Izi zikufotokozera zomwe tchire limakonda kubzala mbewu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuchepetsedwa kucha ndikufooketsa chitsamba. Kuti zipatso zitheke, mbewuyo imapatsidwa chakudya: Masango amtundu umodzi kapena awiri amasiyidwa pamtengo umodzi pakudulira.

Mtundu wa mphesa umakhala ndi zinthu zingapo. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• kunyansala pakuchoka;
• kucha bwino mpesa;
• kuchuluka kwa mitengo ya mpesa ndi yaying'ono, yomwe imathandizira kusamalira mphesa nthawi yotentha;
• kukana kwambiri chisanu, nkhuni ndi maluwa sizimawonongeka kutentha mpaka -26ºС; chifukwa cha izi, tchire akuluakulu sangathe kuphimbidwa nthawi yachisanu;
• kukana waukulu fungal matenda - mildew, imvi zowola, oidium;
• kusungidwa bwino zipatso, posunga malo m'malo abwino m'malo osasunthika, zipatsozo sizitaya kukoma kwawo kwa miyezi 2-3;
• kupezeka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana - zipatsozi ndizoyenera kuzimeza mwatsopano komanso kuzisakaniza mu timadziti, zakumwa za zipatso, vinyo, ndi kuzizira.

Chifukwa chophimba zipatso ndi zokutira ndi sera (kasupe), amasunga mawonetsedwe awo, kulimba kwanthawi yayitali ndipo ndi oyenera kuyendetsa

Zipatso za mphesa za Agat Donskoy zimakhala ndi malo osangalatsa: mtambowo utapachikika pamtengo, ndizokulirapo shuga wawo. Chifukwa chake, alimi odziwa bwino salimbikitsa kuti kukolola kukhale kofulumira, makamaka ngati Ogasiti ali ndi dzuwa komanso lotentha.

Kufalikira kwa Agate Donskoy mphesa, zobiriwira komanso zodula. Chifukwa chodzikakamira posamalira, ndikubzala waluso, mbande zazing'ono zimazika mizu popanda mavuto. Komanso, mawonekedwe amtunduwu amaphatikizapo zipatso zochepetsedwa zamtchire pakatha zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu mutabzala. Izi ndichifukwa chomera chomwe chikukula mtengo. Pambuyo pakupanga nkhuni komaliza, zokolola zamtchire zimachulukana ndikufika pazomwe zimagwira bwino.

Zomwe zimabzala komanso kukula mphesa Agat Donskoy

Chifukwa cha kuthana ndi chisanu kwambiri, kulima mphesa za Agat Donskoy ndikokulira. Ndizoyenera kulimidwa mu chikhalidwe chosaphimba kumadera otetezedwa: m'madera apakati, Central Black Earth, m'chigawo cha Volga, North-West, komanso ku Urals, Western Siberia ndi Far East.

Zowongolera

Pa chikhalidwe chazonse chokulima, malo opepuka, otseguka omwe amatenthetsedwa ndi dzuwa ndipo osayang'aniridwa ndi nyumba zazitali kapena mitengo amasankhidwa chifukwa chobzala mphesa.

1. Tchire la mpesa sililekerera mthunzi. Mukabzala pafupi ndi nyumbayo, ziyenera kubzalidwe mbali yakumwera kapena kumwera chakumadzulo kwa nyumbayo pa mtunda wosayandikira mamita 2. Mitengo yamphamvu yolima iyenera kukhazikitsidwa kumpoto, kum'maŵa kapena mbali yakumadzulo kosafikira 5m kuchokera mbande zamphesa, zitsamba - zosayandikira 2m. Munda wamphesa uyenera kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kumwera, kotero kuti mbewuzo zimawunikidwa ndi dzuwa tsiku lonse.
2. Madera otsika ndi malo osayenera kulimidwa, chifukwa amasonkhana, ndipo pali ngozi yeniyeni yowonongeka m'minda yamphesa nyengo yachisanu, komanso chisanu mwadzidzidzi m'dzinja ndi kumapeto kwa masika. Ngati malowa ali ndi mtundu wopingasa, ndiye kuti mphesa zibzalidwe kum'mwera kapena kumwera chakumadzulo.
3. Mphesa zamtundu wa Agat Donskoy sizimasiyana mwapadera pakufunika kwa nthaka, zimamera bwino pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya dothi. Komabe, zabwino kwambiri kwa izo ndi miyala yokongola kapena miyala, yoyesedwa bwino ndikuwotha. Ngati dothi lomwe lili pamalowo ndi losiyanasiyana chonde, ndiye kuti nthaka yopanda chonde imagawidwa m'munda wamphesawo kuposa mbewu zina. Mphesa siziyenera kubzalidwe pomwe madzi apansi amatuluka pafupi ndi 1.5 m kuchokera panthaka. Zomera sizilekerera kwambiri laimu ndi mchere. Ndikofunikira kuti nthaka isamatenge kapena kusakhazikika (pH 6.5-7). Zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka pobzala mphesa m'malo okhala ndi dothi lakuya, pamaenje odzaza, malo omangapo, malo omwe kale anali ndi zomangamanga pomwe dothi limakhala ndi zomangamanga zomangira, zinyalala zamiyala, mchenga ndi zotsalira za organic.
4. Ngati mukufuna kulima mphesa ngati chikhalidwe cha khoma, tchire zobzalidwa 1 mita kuchokera kukhoma. Kuumba njerwa, madenga ndi makoma a nyumba kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zipatso zokulirapo komanso kuphukira patchire.
5. Poganizira kuti mphesa mwachilengedwe ndi mpesa womwe umapanga msanga wautali wosinthika, umakonda kutumizidwa padenga la nyumbayo, khonde ndi zothandizira zina. Chifukwa chake, mitundu ya Agat Donskoy imakhala yabwino pakupanga ndi kukongoletsa, potengera khoma. Monga lamulo, chitsamba chimabzalidwa pamalo amodzi, pomwe korona wake ndi mbewuyo atha kukhala pamalo ena oyenera. Gawo latsambali pamenepa limagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitilira muyeso.

Kugwiritsa ntchito denga la veranda yokhomera mphesa kumapangitsa kuti ma batchi alandire kuwunikira ndi kutentha tsiku lonse

Timaganizira tikadzala ... Ngati mphesa zimabisidwa kwambiri ndi oyandikana nawo (kukulira pakati pa mitengo kapena tchire), ndiye kuti zokolola pamenepa zitha kuyembekezeka kwa zaka. Mapeto ake ndi awa: mphesa zimakula bwino ndipo zimabala zipatso poyera basi, palibe mbewu yomwe siyiyenera kuyiyala kuyambira m'mawa mpaka madzulo. Ili ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri, muyenera kuyesetsa momwe mungathere. Kupatula apo, mphesa zimatha kubisala nokha, ngati mungasiye mphukira zochulukirapo - izi zikuwonetsa kufunikira kwa dzuwa.

O.N. Andrianova, wopanga vinyo, Saratov

Minda ya Russia Magazine, Na. 2, Meyi 2010

Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yodzala mbande kumayambiriro kwa masika, masamba asanatseguke ndipo masamba ayambe. Chapakati pa Meyi ndi kumayambiriro kwa Juni, pomwe anaopseza chisanu akudutsa, mbande zokhala ndi mizu yotseka zakonzeka kubzala. Kukula ndi kutalika kwa mphesa kumadalira kwambiri kutentha kwadothi ndi mpweya wozungulira: mbewuyo imalowa m'malo opanda matenthedwe pamene kutentha kumatsikira pansi pa 10^ºC. Chifukwa chake, mbande zimabzalidwe bwino nthaka ikauma pamwamba +15^ºC.

Vidiyo: Kubzala mmera ndi mizu yotsekeka

Kuyang'ana kwa nthawi yayitali kwa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito vinyo kumatsimikizira kuti: ngati dothi lomwe lili pachikondwererochi ndi lachonde, komanso dothi lakuda ndi mwala wamchenga, ndiye kuti mutabzala mbande zamphesa, musatengeke ndi kuthira feteleza. Izi zimatha kupangitsa mbewu kuti ichulukitse masamba obiriwira kuwonongeka kwa mapangidwe ndi kukula kwa mphukira zamtsogolo za maluwa ndi maluwa, otchedwa kunenepa. Pakadali pano, dothi loyera la dothi lophatikiza ndi feteleza wocheperako, makamaka nayitrogeni, ndibwino kubzala. Pamwamba pa zosakaniza za michere, dothi loyera liyenera kuthiridwa mu dzenjelo ndipo pokhapokha mbewuyo itabzala.

Ngati mbande yokhala ndi mizu yotseguka ibzalidwe, iyenera kukonzedwa m'njira inayake musanabzale.

• Masiku 1-2 asanabzalidwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kusunga mbande m'madzi (mutha kuwonjezera mankhwala pamadzi kuti mulimbikitse kuzika kwa Kornevin). Izi zimapanga chinyezi mu mphukira ndi mizu.
• Pa sapling, mphukira zitatu zopitilira patsogolo zimasankhidwa (zomwe mivi yobala zipatso ipita pambuyo pake). Izi mphukira amadula awiri kapena atatu masamba. Mphukira zotsalira zimachotsedwa.
• Mizu yayikulu ya mmera, yomwe imadzakhala chinthu chachikulu pachakudyacho, imadulidwira kutalika kwa 15-20 cm. Mizu yotsalayo imachotsedwa.

Ngati tchire lalitali kwambiri mukabzala, mtunda uyenera kuonedwa: pakati pa tchire - kuchokera pa 1.3 mpaka 1.8 m; pakati pa mizere - kuchokera 2 mpaka 3.5 m.

Mukabzala mmera, ndikofunikira kusunga kuya kwa mizu mu dzenje lobzala (pafupifupi 60 cm), malo olemekezeka a chomera ayenera kukhala pansi mokwanira

Piggy bank of nakho. Pali kulumikizana mwachindunji pakati pa kakulidwe ka mizu ndi gawo la mbewu. Palibe mizu - palibe zokolola! Chifukwa chake, ntchito yoyamba ya wopanga vinyo ndikukula mizu yabwino ndikuiteteza ku kuzizira. Kuti muchite izi, tchire libzalidwe mozama osachepera 50-60 cm - kutali ndi chisanu. Ngakhale mmera ndi wocheperako, ndi tsinde lalifupi. Pankhaniyi, kubzala ndibwino kuchitikira kumapeto, koma osadzaza dzenjelo nthawi yomweyo, koma pang'onopang'ono nyengo yonseyo (kapena ngakhale nyengo ziwiri) pomwe mphukira imakula ndikukula. Nthaka yomwe ili mu dzenjelo yobzala 70x70x70 masentimita iyenera kulimidwa bwino mothandizidwa ndikuyenda kwakuya ndikuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa feteleza wachilengedwe komanso michere. Kutengera malamulowa, mizu ya chitsamba imamera mwamphamvu, mwakuzama kokwanira, kosatheka kufalikira.

O.N. Andrianova, wopanga vinyo, Saratov

Minda ya Russia Magazine, Na. 2, Meyi 2010

Kuthirira mphesa

Kutsirira ndi limodzi mwa magawo apamwamba mu ukadaulo waulimi wa mphesa. Mbande zapachaka ndizofunikira kwambiri chinyontho. Mwezi woyamba mutabzala, amayenera kuthiriridwa kamodzi pa sabata, ngati kuli mvula yokwanira. Kenako pitani kuthirira kamodzi pakadutsa milungu iwiri iliyonse. Mu Ogasiti, kuthilira kuyimitsidwa kuti chithandizire kucha kwa mipesa.

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: njira zothirira zitsamba zamphesa

Mphesa, monga chikhalidwe ndizolekerera chilala kuposa kukonda chinyontho, zimafunikira kuthirira osowa koma ochulukirapo. Agat Donskoy wosiyanasiyana ali m'mawa kwambiri, ndipo tchire lake limaposa zaka ziwiri, kuthilira katatu nthawi yolima komanso kuthirira kwamadzi (nthawi yozizira) kuthirira kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira ndikokwanira. Mu kasupe, mphesa zimamwetsedwera pa maluwa (masiku khumi musanafike maluwa) ndi masabata awiri mutayamba maluwa. Iwo ali osavomerezeka kuti kuthirira mphesa nthawi yamaluwa, chifukwa izi zimaphatikizapo kutsika kwa maluwa. Kutsirira kotsatira kumachitika m'chilimwe nthawi yomwe zipatso zimayamba kukula ndi kukhwima (patatha masiku 15 itatha yoyamba). Madzi ambiri omwe amamwa madzi pachitsamba chilichonse ndi 40-60 malita. Komabe, masabata atatu zipatsozo zisanakhazikike bwino, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, ndikuimitsidwa kwathunthu m'masiku 7-10 kuti musawononge zipatso.

Kanema: kuthirira mphesa nthawi yotentha

M'dzinja, kumapeto kwa tsamba kapena kumalizidwa, kulipira kwamadzi kumathiridwa. Zimathandizira kupsa bwino kwa mpesa, imayambitsa kukula kwa mizu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zowuma kwambiri nthawi yachisanu. Kusunga chinyontho chofunikira m'nthaka, mulching imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Monga mulch, scheates siderates (mpiru, clover, lupine), peat, humus, ndi udzu wobiriwira umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuchita bwino kumaperekedwa ndikutchingira dothi pansi pa tchire ndi filimu yakuda kapena spanbond.

Kuthirira mphesa

Kudyetsa mphesa ndikofunikira. Zimapangidwa chaka chilichonse pakumera ndi kuphukira, ndikuyambitsa michere yofunika ngati tchire limakula ndikukula, ndipo zipatso zimacha. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumagawika muzu (ndikuyambitsa michere m'nthaka) ndi foliar (ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Kuphatikiza pa kuvala pamwamba, pansi pa mitengo ya mpesa amapanga feteleza wa michere ndi michere. Gawo lalikulu la feteleza limayikidwa pamene mmera wabzalidwa mu dzenjelo. Kenako chitsamba chimathiriridwa umuna patatha zaka 2-3. Nthawi yabwino yothira feteleza imawonedwa kuti ndi yophukira. Kubzala zipatso kumaphatikizidwa ndikuzama kukumba dothi pakati pa tchire la mphesa. Pakadutsa pakati pa feteleza, mbewu zimadyetsedwa.

Gome: Zovala pamizu

Kanema: momwe mungadyetse bwino mphesa

Chovala chapamwamba chilichonse cha mphesa chimachitika pokhapokha kutentha kwa mpweya (nthawi zambiri sikotsika kuposa +15^ºC) Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizitha kuvala ndi mavitamini azakudya, nthawi yophukira - mawonekedwe owuma pansi pokumba pansi. Mitundu yonse yovala pamwamba imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa bwalo la thunthu. Mavalidwe apamwamba amayenera kuphatikizidwa ndi kuthirira kuti musathenso kuzika mizu. Kenako dothi pansi pa tchire limadzalidwa. Vuto losauka lomwe limalimidwa mphesa, nthawi zambiri umafunika kuthira manyowa:

• chernozems - kamodzi pa zaka zitatu;
• mchenga woluka, loam - kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri;
• miyala yamchenga yopepuka - pachaka.

Zabwino zimaperekedwa mwa kupopera mbewu za mphesa musanayikire maluwa ndi yankho la boric acid, ndipo mutatha maluwa ndi zinc sulfate. Mankhwalawa amalimbitsa mphamvu ya mphesa, kuonjezera kukaniza kwachikhalidwe ndi matenda.

Gome: Mavalidwe apamwamba apamwamba

Kanema: Mphesa yapamwamba yovala bwino

Kumwaza zitsamba za mphesa zizichitidwa nyengo yabwino, makamaka madzulo (pambuyo pa maola 18) kapena m'mawa kwambiri (mpaka maola 9).

Kudula ndi kupanga mphesa

Zokolola za mphesa zimayendetsedwa ndi katundu wa chitsamba. Katundu wazitsamba ndi kuchuluka kwa mphukira (maso) opatsa zipatso zomwe zatsalira pamtengowo mwachindunji pakudula. Ngati pali chotsalira pambuyo poti chepe yolimba, ndiye kuti katunduyo adzafooka. Izi zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa zokolola. Kuchulukitsa tchire ndi zipatso kulinso zovulaza, mbewuyo imafooka, kudwala ndipo chaka chamawa zokolola za mphesa zimatha kuchepa. Kuchuluka kwazitsamba kumatsimikizika pakukula kwake ndikukula kwa mpesa. Chomera cha zaka ziwiri, ndi 50% yazomwe zimakhazikitsidwa kuti zitheke zipatso, kwa zaka zitatu - - 75-80% yazachilendo.

Kanema: Kapangidwe kamene kali pachaka cha agate Donskoy

Kuti mupeze mbewu yokhazikika, mpesa uyenera kudulidwa chaka chilichonse. M'dzinja, masamba atagwa, zimayambira zimafupikitsidwa mpaka kufika pa impso ya 3 kapena 4. Mmera wazaka ziwiri, mphukira zinayi zokhwima bwino komanso wathanzi zimasiyidwa, ndipo zina zonse zimadulidwa. Kenako afupikitsidwira impso yachisanu. Wachinyamata wazaka zitatu amadula bwino mitengo yamitengo itatu. Kuti mupange mphamvu, kuchuluka kwa mitengo ya zipatso kumachulukidwa pafupifupi katatu pa mpesa uliwonse, ndikuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa mipesa. Kwa mphesa za Agate Donskoy, kudulira masamba ophukira nthawi zambiri kumachitika kwa maso a 5-8, koma maso a 4-6 aloledwa. Maso pafupifupi 35 mpaka 45 amatsala pachitsamba.

Kanema: Kudulira mphesa pa gazebo

Zipatso zobiriwira za mphesa zikayamba kusintha mtundu wawo, izi zikutanthauza kuti nthawi yakucha zipatso imayamba. Pakadali pano, tchire la mpesa limaleka kukula ndipo kuphatikizika kwa khungwa kumayamba. Njira imeneyi ikupitilira mu Ogasiti onse. Nthawi yomweyo, mphukira zazing'ono zimasandulika kukhala zofiirira, zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kusasitsa kwa gawo lawo lakumunsi. Chizindikiro cha kukula pang'onopang'ono kwa mphukira ndikuwongola matako awo. Munthawi ya kukula ndikukula ndikumangidwa, zomwe zimadziwika kuti kuthamangitsa kumachitika, komwe nsonga zokhala ndi masamba osakhwima zimadulidwa. Kuthamangitsa kumathandizira kuyimitsa komaliza kwa kukula kwa mpesa ndikuyambitsa kusinthika kwa nkhuni. Kwa mitundu yamphamvu ya mphesa, kuthamangitsa ndikofunika kwambiri. Ndi kudulira kwamtunduwu, mphukira (makamaka mizu) ndi mphukira zonenepa za chaka chilichonse zimachotsedwa. Ngati dzinja lili louma, ndiye kuti ndalama ziyenera kusiyidwa.

Popeza mpesawo ndi mpesa ndipo umaphukira nthawi yayitali pakumera, mphukira zake zokongola komanso zipatso zimakhazikitsidwa pamathandizo. Mukakulitsa mphesa m'khola lanyumba kapena nyumba yachilimwe, njira zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: trellis, gazebo, parietal, mtengo. Chodziwika kwambiri ndi dongosolo la trellis.

Trellis ndi kapangidwe ka zipilala (konkriti yotsimikizika, chitsulo kapena nkhuni) ndi waya (makamaka yamavalo). Mphukira zomwe zimayikidwa pamiyala ndiyokwanira komanso zowongolera pang'ono, zimalandira kutentha kofanana ndi dzuwa. Kuphatikiza apo, malo omwe zimayambira pamwamba pa nthaka zimapangitsa kuti wosamalira mundawo azisamalira posamalira mbewu ndi nthawi yokolola.

Kukhazikitsa mphesa pamphepete mwa trellis kumawalola kukula momasuka ndikupeza kuwala kokwanira komanso kutentha

Posachedwa, kufalikira kwa mtengo wa mphesa kufalikira. Mapangidwe awa ndikofunikira kutsatira ngati chiwembu cha m'munda chili chaching'ono kapena ngati sichingatheke kukula mphesa malinga ndi mtundu wakale - m'mizere. Kapangidwe kopanda ma tapestry osapatsa opatsa mphesa zipatso kumabweretsa zabwino zingapo:

• malo a chiwembuwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachuma, ndizotheka kuyika chitsamba pamalo alionse abwino;
• palibe wofesa mpesa amafunikira, ndipo mphukira za ulendowo mwaulere zimakula pang'onopang'ono;
• Masango a mphesa amakhala pamwamba pamtunda, ali ndi mpweya wabwino ndipo amalandira kutentha kokwanira ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sangatenge matenda;
• kusowa kwa othandizira ndi waya wa garter mphukira kumachepetsa ndalama ndi ndalama zolipirira anthu.

Kanema: tapestry kutengera kapangidwe ka mphesa

Polimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo ta mphesa

Chifukwa cha mitundu yake yosiyanasiyana, mphesa za Agate Donskoy zili ndi kuphatikiza kwakukhudzana ndi matenda a fungus. Komabe, kwa prophylaxis, makamaka chilimwe panthawi yanthawi yotentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi chambiri, ndikofunikira kupopera zitsamba za mphesa ndi fungicides. Njira yabwino ndikutsata mbewu ndi Phytosporin ndi kuwonjezera kwa Zircon. Mukukula, njira ziwiri zothandizidwa ndi mankhwalawa ndizokwanira: pambuyo pa maluwa panthaka yomwe zipatso zimakhazikitsidwa ndipo patatha milungu iwiri atalandira chithandizo choyamba. Kumwaza tchire kuyenera kuchitidwa motsatira malamulo. Osakolocha mphesa mochedwa kuposa masabata 2-3 musanakolole.

Ngati zili chonchobe ngati pali zizindikiro za matenda oyamba ndi mphesa, ndikofunikira kupopera mankhwalawo pokonzekera mtundu wina wa matenda:

• kuchokera ku mildew gwiritsani ntchito fungicides Radomil kapena Amistar;
• kuchokera pakugonjetsedwa ndi oidium ntchito Thanos kapena Phindu;
• imvi zowola zidzawonongedwa ndi Ronilan, Rovral, Sumileks.

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: Zizindikiro zazikulu za fungal matenda a mphesa

Zipatso za mphesa za Agate Donskoy zilibe shuga kwambiri, chifukwa mavu nthawi zambiri samawawononga. Ngati ndi kotheka, kuti muteteze mavu, mutha kuwaza mphukira ndi yankho la mpiru (200 g wa ufa pachidebe chilichonse).

Pogona mphesa zamapeto nthawi yachisanu

Ngakhale chisanu chimalimbana kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe chosagwirizana, nyengo yozizira kwambiri (makamaka kumpoto kwa ulimi) komanso nyengo yozizira, mphesa za Agat Donskoy zimafunikira kutetezedwa kwa mipesa nthawi yachisanu. Pogona nthawi yozizira kwa mbande wazaka ziwiri ndizofunikira.

Vidiyo: Pogona pa mphesa pachaka

Tchire ta mpesa zachikulire zimateteza ku kuzizira kwa nyengo yozizira pakuzigwetsa pansi. Kuti mbewu zisakhudze pansi, ndibwino kuti muike matabwa, matabwa amitengo, zinthu zopanda nsalu pansi pawo. Kuchotsedwa pa trellis ndikudula mtengo wa mpesa wopindika mosamala ndikuyika pamalo okonzeka, ndikupanga zokoleza kapena zingwe. Kuchokera pamwambapo, mphukira imakutidwa ndi burlap, zinthu zopanda nsalu kapena matumba a polypropylene m'magulu angapo. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito pine fern. Mulimonsemo, malo omwe ali mkati ayenera kupuma, kotero simungathe kuwaphimba ndi filimu. Zikopa zamatabwa, slate, linoleum, ruberoid kapena mapepala a polycarbonate zimayikidwa pamwamba pa mbewu zophimbidwa. M'mphepete mwa nyumbayo ndi okhazikika ndi njerwa kapena amangophimbidwa ndi dothi lapansi. M'nyengo yozizira, ndikofunikira kuponyera chisanu pogona, ndikuwonjezera kutalika kwa chipale chofewa.

Nthawi zambiri kumapeto kwa Okutobala, ndimatenga mphesa zanga ku trellis, ndikudula, nthawi zonse ndikusiya mipesa yayikulu 3-4, ndipo aliyense amakhala ndi mfundo imodzi yolowera m'malo ena ndi 1 mpesa wa zipatso. Ndimachotsa mphukira zofowoka ndi zokhota zomwe zimachokera ku muzu, ndikudula mphukira zomwe zalengeza chaka chamawa ku mpesa wopatsa zipatso, osasiya hemp. Mphukira zachikale ndi zosawoneka bwino, zomwe zimakhala ndi makungwa osweka, ochokera kumizu, kudula pansi. Nditadula mphesa yonse, ndimaiyika pansi, ndikakanikiza mipesa ndi timitengo kuti isaphuke. Chifukwa chake amadikirira kufikira nthawi yamasika.

O. Strogova, katswiri wazamankhwala wamphamvu, Samara

Magazini Oyang'anira Magazi, Na. 6, Juni 2012

Kanema: Pogona nyengo yachisanu ya tchire akuluakulu

Ndemanga

Moni. Agate Donskoy ndi wabwino, koma wotsika pakumveka. Kukoma ndi kwapakati. Nthawi zambiri mu compote, palibe. Ndikabzala mwachidule komanso kukhazikika, imakhala yayikulupo komanso yosalala, komabe imasiyira kumbuyo KODIRKA yomweyo. PROS: S kudwala konse. Masamba opanda pogona komanso osataya.

Vladimir, Anna Voronezh, Russia

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Moni nonse! Lero zachotsa zigawo zomaliza za Agat Donskoy. Mutha kufotokoza mwachidule. M'chaka cha khumi cha moyo wachisamba, zotsatira zabwino zidapezeka. Mokwanira panali masango a 108 omwe anali ndi kulemera kwa makilogalamu 42.2. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa mulu ndi 391 g., Upamwamba 800 g. Kutalika kwa trellis ndi 3.5 m.Wokoma, osati shuga, mutha kudya gulu la 500 gr. nthawi yomweyo. Tsopano, zofunikira kwambiri pamalondawa: kutalika kwa mphukira zonse ndi pafupi mamita 2 - simukufunika kupukuta ndi kuchita ma garters ambiri, palibe mwana wopeza pachitsamba chonse - njira zowonjezera zimasowa. ntchito yamanja, kukhazikika kuposa ma kalasi onse (osati tsamba limodzi lomwe limakhudzidwa) - palibe chifukwa chochitira mankhwala. kukonza etc. Makampani - abwino!

Anatoly Bachinsky, Ukraine

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Monga momwe a classics amanenera, mphesa ndi chikhalidwe cha nthawi ndi Zomera. Ndikufuna kuyang'ana ku mawu owonetsedwa. Ngati kumwera mutha kukweza "workhorse" wokhala ndi kukoma kwapamwamba kwambiri kuposa AGAT DONSKAYA, ndiye kuti kumpoto kuli kovuta kukwaniritsa izi. Chifukwa cha ife, mitundu iyi imakhalabe imodzi yodalirika komanso yakucha zipatso ndi mipesa m'njira zonse.

Alexander, Zelenograd, dera la Moscow

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Mwokhala ndi chidziwitso chomwe mwapeza, ndi nthawi yoti mupite ku munda waumwini kapena wamunda ndikusankha malo obzala mphesa za Agat Donskoy. Ngati mungagwiritse ntchito changu ndi kuleza mtima, mupeza chikhalidwe chamaluwa chomwe chingakusangalatseni ndi zipatso zazikulu zakupsa zaka zambiri.