Amaranth ilipo pa Dziko lapansi kwa zaka zoposa 6000. Ankapembedzedwa nthawi zakale ndi a Incas ndi a Aztec, pogwiritsa ntchito mwambo wa mwambo. Ku Ulaya, anatumizidwa ku 1653 kuchokera ku Sweden. Amaranth - mtengo wodzichepetsa mu chisamaliro, amakonda kuthirira ndi dzuwa. Mu zomera za padziko lapansi pali mitundu yoposa 60 ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya amaranth. Ma Amaranth monga chakudya cha nyama akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali ponseponse pa mafakitale komanso kudyetsa ziweto. Chilichonse chimadyetsedwa mmenemo: kuyambira masamba mpaka mizu.
Kusankha amaranth osiyanasiyana, fotokozani mtundu wake: chakudya, tirigu, chakudya kapena kukongoletsa. Mtengo wa zomera izi ndi kuti masamba ake ali ndi 17% ya mapuloteni opindulitsa.
Ndikofunikira! Mitundu yonse ya amaranth ndi nthaka yowonongeka kwambiri. Choncho, konzani mosamala zowonongeka pa malo, chifukwa amaranth angabzalidwe m'malo amodzi pambuyo pa zaka zinayi.Amaranth ndi chomera chokonda kwambiri chomwe chimafunikanso kuthirira nthawi yake. Ngati mulibe nthawi yosonkhanitsa njere, musakwiyitse. Zomwe zinatsalira pa zomera kumapeto kwa nyengo, zidzakula kukhala oasis, ndipo muyenera kuzibzala. Mitengo ya zakudya ndi mbewu za pachaka zomwe zimafalitsidwa ndi mbewu.
Valentine amaranth zosiyanasiyana
Ichi ndi chakudya choyamba chokoma, koma mukhoza kukolola mbewu yoyamba ya masamba osati posachedwa 1.5 - miyezi iwiri. Ndikofunika pa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku chifukwa cha chuma cha zinthu zothandiza. Mbewuyi ili ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 100-170. Mbeu za Valentine zimagawira mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe ili ndi mpweya wofiira wozungulira wozungulira. Masamba ali ndi vitamini C, E, carotene. Palinso nyumba yosungiramo potaziyamu, calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, chitsulo. Mwina ndichifukwa chake Valentine imadula mitundu yosiyanasiyana imapezeka m'minda ya masamba - zimayambira ndipo masamba amawonjezeredwa ku saladi, msuzi, ndi zina zotero.
Valentina zosiyanasiyana ndizo zoyambirira, amafunikira masiku 45 kuti apereke chikhalidwe chokoma. Kukhwima kwakukulu kumatenga masiku 110-120. Zomera zimakwera kutalika kwa masentimita 100-170 ndipo zimatuluka pambali, zomwe zimagawidwa mofanana pa tsinde. Masamba amafanana ndi mawonekedwe a ellipse, omwe ali ndi mtundu wofiirira. Zowongoka, zowonjezera. Zokololazo ndizochepa, ndi 0.6 - 0.7 kg okha pa mita imodzi yokwana ya mbewu.
Mukudziwa? Kudya zosiyanasiyana amaranth - weniweni yosungiramo zakudya ndi kufufuza zinthu. Ma masamba awo amakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri - 18%.
Mitundu ya Amaranth Aztec
Amaranth chakudya kalasi, pakati pa nyengo. Nthawi yotukula - masiku 120. Izi zimasiyana ndi zokolola zambiri za tirigu komanso zobiriwira. Zimayambira ndi zofiira, mpaka mamita 150 cm. Mbewu ndi yofiirira. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala pakati pa nyengo. Ngati amaranth awa amafesedwa mochedwa, ndiye kuti mukhoza kuonjezera chiwerengero cha masamba pa chomera chilichonse, chomwe chimawathandiza kukhala ndi zinyama. Nkhumba za amaranth za Aztec zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera kukonza mafuta a amaranth.
Amaranth zosiyanasiyana Zovuta
Chiphonachi ndi cha zakudya zosiyanasiyana za amaranth. Kuyambira mphukira kufikira kukhwima, masiku 115-127 apita. Mbali zosiyana za zosiyanasiyanazi ndi juiciness ndi kuchuluka kwa masamba. Kukula kwake kumakhala kokongola: kutalika ndi masentimita 165-190. Zimayambira zimadziwika ndi masamba ochuluka a masamba obiriwira, omwe amachititsa mitunduyi kukhala yofunika kwambiri mu ulimi. Mitundu ya Amaranth Imeneyi imapangidwanso bwino komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana ndi silage. Mitundu ya Amaranth Yamphongo Yaikulu imakhala ndi mafuta okwanira -7.9%.
Helios ya Amaranth yosiyanasiyana
Mitundu yambiri ya amaranth Helios ili ndi phokoso la lalanje, tsinde lake ndi 150-170 masentimita. Masamba ake ndi obiriwira omwe ali ndi mitsempha ya lalanje. Nthawi ya zomera ndi masiku 105, i.e. iye akukula mofulumira. Njereyo ndi yoyera. Ili ndi zokolola zambiri, 6-7 zomera ziri pa chiwembu cha mita imodzi, zomwe zimathandiza kupeza matani 1.5 a biomas pa hekitala ndi 15-30 makilogalamu a tirigu pa hekitala. Zizindikiro zoterezi zimapereka kutchuka kotere pakati pa alimi obzala mbewu.
Mukudziwa? Mitundu ya amaranth inalembedwa mu zolembera zosiyanasiyana za Ukraine (2010). Mlengi wake ndi National Botanical Garden wotchedwa pambuyo. M. M. Grishka NAS wa ku Ukraine.
Amaranth zosiyanasiyana Kharkov-1
Mitundu yambiri ya amaranth imatengedwa kuti ndi yapadziko lonse ndipo imapereka zokolola zambiri. Kuwonjezera pa mbewu zamtengo wapatali, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama komanso masamba ake kuti azidyetsa zinyama. Mitundu imeneyi imakula m'masiku 110. Mitundu ya Kharkov mitundu ya amaranth ndi ya zakudya, mbewu ndi chakudya, ndipo imatchedwanso kuti ndi ochizira. Akusowa masiku 90 kuti akhwime. Zokololazo ndi matani 200 a zitsamba zobiriwira ndi 50 osonkhanitsa tirigu pa hekitala. Magawowa amaranth ali ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha squalene - biopolymer yofunikira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pofuna mankhwala, komanso mu cosmetology.
Amaranth zosiyanasiyana White tsamba
Amaranth woyera - undersized zosiyanasiyana chakudya amaranth. Kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 20 okha. Ikhoza kukhala wamkulu chaka chonse, ngakhale mu mphika pawindo. Tsopano mukhoza kuthandiza banja lanu ndi zitsamba zathanzi chaka chonse. The zimayambira ndi masamba a edible amaranth amadziwika ndi zosangalatsa kukoma ndi maonekedwe. Chifukwa chakuti masamba ndi zimayambira za zomera ndizowala, zosiyanasiyana zimatchedwa White Leaf. Tsinde ndi lowawa komanso lokoma, kotero amaranth Chipepala choyera chikutanthauza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya amaranth. Mitengo imeneyi imadulidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 18-20 okha.
Amaranth zosiyanasiyana Voronezh
Izi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yambewu ya amaranth. Kubwezera masiku opitirira 95-100, choncho ndiyomwe mitundu yoyambirira ikukhwima. Ndi otsika - 80-120 masentimita ndipo amapereka zochepa zobiriwira kuposa mitundu ina.
Amaranth osiyanasiyana Kizlyarets
Izi ndi zosiyana siyana. Nthawi yochokera kumera mpaka kukolola kudyetsa ndi masiku 60-70, kwa mbewu - masiku 80-120. Sizowonjezera mapangidwe a tchire. Zimayambira kufika msinkhu wa masentimita 120-160. Chinthu chosiyana ndi kuphulika pamwamba pa tsinde. Inflorescences - wobiriwira, ndipo atayaka - wofiira, osati wandiweyani. Masamba - wobiriwira wobiriwira, ellipsoid. Odziwika ndi ofooka bushiness. Chofunika kwambiri mu amaranth osiyanasiyana ndi zokolola zake pa zobiriwira - 77 c / ha. Izi ndi zapamwamba kusiyana ndi zokolola zapakati pa amaranths ku 31 oposa pa hekitala. Ndipo chifukwa cha tirigu - 20-30 centner ha.
Mukudziwa? Mitundu ina ya amaranth Voronezh imamera kokha chifukwa cha tirigu. Zokolola za 15-35 c / ha.
Amaranth zosiyanasiyana Lera
Izi zosiyanasiyana ndi chakudya. Ili ndi zokolola zambiri - mpaka 22% peresenti. Mbewu ili ndi 7% mafuta, ndi mapuloteni 20.6%. Kufotokozera kwa kalasi: mkulu - 170 - 220 masentimita, mid-nyengo, chakudya. Tsamba la mitundu iyi lili ndi masamba obiriwira okhala ndi mitsempha yofiira, yofiira ya inflorescences. Nthawi ya zomera ndi masiku 105. Amadziwika ndi mapuloteni apamwamba - 20, 6%. Kukaniza kusweka. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama kukolola silage. Pa mamita othamanga mumzere womwewo, zomera 5-6. Kuchokera ku tirigu pangani bata ndi ufa.
Nkhalango Yamitundu Yambiri ya Amaranth
Izi ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana za amaranth. Zimatuluka mwamsanga: Masamba okoma akhoza kusonkhanitsidwa kale masiku 40-80, kutalika kwa chomera ndi 110-150 cm. The inflorescence ndi bulauni-wobiriwira, ndi mawanga ofiira. Mbeu ndi yowala kwambiri, mthunzi wofiirira. Masamba ali ndi chobiriwira chobiriwira chobiriwira. Amaranth wobiriwira amakhala ndi juiciness kwambiri komanso kukoma kwake. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano pa maphunziro oyambirira, saladi, opangidwa ndi kutentha.
Anapatsidwa mwayi wokhala ndi masamba ambirimbiri komanso ofiira obiriwira omwe amawotchedwa inflorescences. N'zovuta kuti musataye mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya amaranth. Chofunika kukula pa tsamba lanu ndi mitundu yomwe mungakonde - musankhe. Koma musakayike chinthu chimodzi: mtundu uliwonse wa amaranth umene mumasankha, udzakhala wokongola kwambiri wa nyumba yanu.
Mukudziwa? Masamba otetezedwa ali ndi mapuloteni 14-15%.
