Echinacea purpurea ndi chomera cholimba chomwe chimatchuka chifukwa cha machiritso ake. Zina mwa ubwino wa duwa ndi kudzichepetsa kwake mu nthawi ya kukula. Taganizirani zochitika za Echinacea purpurea, ngati mutabzala ndi kumusamalira zimapangidwira pakhomo.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kunabwera kuchokera kumpoto kwa America, kumene kuyambira kale anthu ankalemekezedwa chifukwa cha makhalidwe ochiritsa. Kutalika kwake kumakhala kuchokera masentimita 50 mpaka 120.
Kuchokera pamphepete zofiira kwambiri zamtundu wotchedwa rhizome zimayambira. Masamba a tsinde la mawonekedwe owoneka ngati dzira amatsitsa pang'ono, ndi mfundo zomwe zimaloza pamphepete. Mapepala apansi ndi oblong ndi okhwima, okhala ndi zochepa zazing'ono, anasonkhanitsidwa muzitsulo.
Chomera chachikulu chotchedwa apical basket (13-15 masentimita) chimasiyanitsidwa ndi timapakati timene timakhala ndi zofiira zofiira ndi zofiirira, kufika mamita 4 cm m'litali. Nthawi ya maluwa imayamba m'chaka chachiwiri ndikukhala miyezi 2-2.5 (kuyambira July mpaka masabata oyambirira a autumn).
Ndikofunikira! Madzi otengedwa kuchokera ku inflorescences mwatsopano amafulumira kuchiritsa machiritso. Ndi chithandizochi, magazi amatha msanga.Kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi kufikira m'mawa, Echinacea imabereka zipatso, ndikupatsa achenes wakuda.
Kukula mbande kapena kufesa pamalo otseguka. Chomera chimakonda kuwala, koma chimagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu. Makamaka atengedwa bwino pa dothi lonyowa.
Amakhazikika m'madera akumidzi (Central Europe) kumadera akummwera ndi mapiri.
Kukula Makhalidwe
Monga maluwa ena onse, echinacea mu nthawi yoyamba ya chitukuko idzafuna kutsatira malamulo ena. Izi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa nthaka ndi kuwala.
Kukula nthaka
Palibe zopempha zapadera za maluwa olimba. Oyenera monga ogula m'sitolo nthaka kusakaniza, ndi nthaka yokolola popanda. Koma, mwachitsanzo, sandstone si zabwino.
Maluwa okongola a Echinacea akuphatikizidwa mochititsa chidwi m'mabedi a maluwa ndi mphukira zachitsulo, Chitsamba chamchere cha Chinese, Stahis Hammelo, Liatrice ndi Gerardi lobelia, aconite, mthunzi wachisamba, monard ndi phlox wa paniculata.Kusakaniza kwa nthaka kukhale kofiira komanso kosalala bwino, kuyamwa chinyezi ndi kudutsa mpweya. Pre-disinfection samapweteka: gawo lapansi lingathe kupatsidwa mankhwala ofooketsa a potaziyamu permanganate (0,5 magalamu a permanganate pa madzi okwanira 1 litre).
Mukudziwa? Anthu a ku Ulaya anakumana ndi duwa limeneli m'zaka za m'ma 1800. Kwa zaka zopitirira mazana awiri, izo zinkawoneka ngati zokongoletsera zokha, ndipo zinali mu 1870 okha pamene iwo ankasamalira katundu omwe anali opindulitsa pa umoyo waumunthu.Njira ina yowonongeka, koma yosagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse, ndiyo kuchoka thumba kapena makaseti omwe ali ndi nthaka kutentha kwa mlungu umodzi ndi theka. Komabe, ndi nthaka yomwe imakhalapo nthawi zonse, kuchoka ku nyumbayo, chiyeso ichi chikhoza kukhala chopanda phindu (ndibwino kuthetsa yankho).
Zofunikira za Kuunikira
Kuti chitukuko chodziwika chidzafune dzuwa. Pakati pa mbande za kukula nthawi zambiri amaika nyali za fulorosenti kuti ziziunikira. Zowonongeka, ngakhale zamphamvu, mababu owala si nthawizonse abwino pano.
Kuwombera ndi achinyamata (kwa chaka chimodzi) zomera zathu zimakhala zovuta kulekerera mthunzi, kotero oyandikana nawo maluwa sayenera kuphimba Echinacea. Inde, ndi zomera zazikulu zimakhala bwino kupereka malo osiyana m'dziko.
Maonekedwe a maluwa a echinacea adzaphatikizidwa ndi apulatifomu, ambulera inflorescences ya stonecrop, stevia, yozungulira inflorescences wa anyezi.
Kubzala echinacea
Atagwirizana nawo kulima duwa lothandiza, ambiri amayenda njira zowonongeka - mbande. Timaphunzira choti tichite pa nkhaniyi.
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu
Nthaŵi yabwino kwambiri yofesedwa ikuwonedwa kutha kwa February. Njira yosavutayi ikuwoneka ngati iyi:
- Choyamba, nyembazo zimaphikidwa: chifukwa cha chipolopolo chovuta kwambiri, amadziviika m'madzi. Pa nthawi yomweyi, mbewuzo zikulumikizidwa mu chophimba ndipo zimayikidwa pa sauce, kumene zimayambitsidwa. Payenera kupeza mpweya.
- Atayamba "kuthamanga" amatenga chidebe (makapu, matepi, mabokosi) ndi kufalitsa mbewu mu gawo lapansi kuti akuya pafupifupi 5-7 mm.
- Pamwamba pa dzenje losalala ndi mchenga (wosanjikiza wa 1 mm), lotsatiridwa ndi hydration ndi botolo la kutsitsi. Sikoyenera kudzaza ndi nthaka.
- Zimatsalira kuti ziphimbe chidebe ndi filimu ndikuyika malo otentha.
Ndikofunikira! Mbewu nthawi zambiri imatsindikizidwa ndi masewera. Mungathe kuchita izi ndi zala zanu, koma popanda luso, mukhoza kulimbikitsa zokolola zambiri.Echinacea purpurea, komanso kulima kwake, ali ndi mbali imodzi ya kutentha: mphukira idzaonekera ngakhale pa 13-15 ° C (koma kwa hybrids zambiri izi ndizosautsa). Mbeu zimaperekanso kutentha kwabwino.
Kuthirira kumachepetsedwa kuti kupopera mbewu mosavuta zouma nthaka, koma sizinaphule. Nthawi zina filimuyi imatsegulidwa kwa kanthaŵi, kuti dziko lapansi lipuma (ngati miphika ili pafupi ndi batiri kapena magetsi ena).
Mutha kuona mbande mu miyezi 1-1.5. Kuwoneka kwawo koyambirira kwa ma latitudes athu sikokwanira.
Kubalana pogawanitsa chitsamba
Njirayi ndi yabwino, makamaka ngati pali chitsamba chachikulu (kuyambira 2 mpaka 4-5).
Mukudziwa? Kumayambiriro kwa zaka makumi awiri ndi awiri pakati pa madokotala anali "echinacea boom" - mankhwalawa anauzidwa pafupifupi pafupifupi matenda onse. Chidwi ichi chagonjetsedwa ndi kubwera kwa mankhwala monga chemotherapy.Chomera choterocho chachitika kumayambiriro kwa masika, mpaka pansi pa mphukira zinayamba kuuma, ndipo masamba analibe nthawi yotseguka. Kugwira nthawi, pitirizani:
- Chitsamba chikumba ndikudulidwa mu cuttings. Aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi mizu yambiri komanso impso imodzi.
- Kenako amaikidwa pamadzi ambirimbiri maola angapo. Mukhoza kupititsa patsogolo njirayi pochiza fungicide.
- Zobzala mu nthaka yowala, mizu ya mizu siimakula (imakhala pansi pamtunda). Kwa delenok, kuya kwake kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa rhizome.
Echinacea idzawoneka bwino kutsogolo kwa stevie, fennel, mitundu yofiira yofiira ndi zipatso za bubble.Ndi kuthirira bwino, mizu idzakula miyezi 1.5, ndiye mutha kusamutsa chomeracho kumalo osatseguka. Khalani okonzeka kuti chaka choyamba cha echinacea chikhale chofooka, ndipo adzafunikira chisamaliro chowonjezeka. Koma ndiye adzakondwera ndi mapepala abwino.
Kukula zomera zachitsulo kumatseguka
Kuwonjezera pa njira ya mmera ndi kupitanso patsogolo, wamaluwa ambiri amalima chomera chosavuta, ndikufesa mbewu zake nthawi yomweyo. Koma nyengo imatha kusintha ndondomeko, ndikuyenera kubwerera ku mbande.
Ndikofunikira! Kwa kumpoto, njirayi sizingatheke kugwira ntchito. Ndipo kumadera okhala ndi nyengo yozizira, nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chiopsezo chobwerezabwereza chisanu.Chiwembucho chimakhala chophweka - ndi masentimita 30 ndi masentimita 0.5-1 masentimita (pamene mbande zokhwima zimafunikira maenje a 10-15 cm). Phandoli liri ndi gawo lochepa la munda wa nthaka, ndipo atatha kutuluka, nthawi yomweyo amathiridwa ndi filimu kapena agrofibre.
Kwa zomera zazikulu, kuya kwa fossa kumapangidwira ndi gawo laling'ono la mizu.
Kusamba madzi
Echinacea imafuna kawirikawiri kuthirira madzi okwanira. Ndi bwino kusungunula nthaka madzulo. Chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwake, zomera zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuchepa kwa madzi ndi chilala (chifukwa chake ndi mizu yozama).
Kupalira ndi kusamalira nthaka
Kuyenera kuyeretsa nthawi yamsongole. Kawirikawiri Echinacea imapereka malo kumbali ya madera omwe amayandikana namsongole omwe udzu umatha kudutsa.
Nthaka yathanzi kapena loam kawirikawiri samafunikanso kudya kawirikawiri. Kwa dothi la mchenga, zowonjezerapo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo ogona kapena humus.
Mukudziwa? Amwenye adagwiritsa ntchito maluwa a echinacea kuti adye malo. Mizu inauma kawirikawiri, kudya mwatsopano.Apa ndikofunika kuti asawononge zomera - ndibwino kuti muzule humus pa mizu. Ngati izi sizitha kuchitika, ndiye kuti kumwa madzi osakaniza kumeneku sikungathe kutenthera nthaka ndikuumitsa rhizome.
Musaiwale za kumasulidwa kwa nthawi, zomwe zidzaonetsetse kuti kutuluka kwa mpweya ku mizu.
Kudyetsa malamulo
Echinacea ayenera kukonza chakudya pachaka. Pofuna kukula bwino amapangidwa kawiri - m'chaka ndi pambuyo maluwa. M'chaka chachiwiri ndikutsanulira phulusa ndi kompositi yowola kwambiri.
Pali mfundo yofunikira: ngati duwa likufunika kuchotsa machiritso, ndiye gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala okhaokha. Mavitrogeni, potashi, feteleza a phosphate sali oyenerera pazinthu zoterozo, monga zina zonse zamagetsi. Nthaka yosauka idzatenga komanso kompositi, ndipo simudzawononga thanzi.
Kudulira
Kumapeto kwa autumn, zimayambira zimadulidwa, ndipo mizu ya khosi imakhala yosakanizika ndi kompositi. Ngati m'dzinja kuli kutentha, ndiye kuti mudzawona kuti mbewuzo zimapsa m'mapiritsi oyambirira.
Ndikofunikira! Echinacea mawonekedwe amathandizira ndi kutopa kwakukulu ndi kupanikizika. Kuyankhulana kwachipatala kovomerezekaKuti chitetezo ndi bwino kuphimba zomera zazing'ono ndi masamba. Zitsanzo zakale sizikusowa izi.
Kukolola ndi kuyanika kwa mankhwala opangira
Biennial zomera kale oyenera kuchiza zolinga.
Masamba, maluwa ndi zimayambira zimasonkhanitsidwa pa maluwa. Pa nthawiyi, amapeza kuchulukitsa kwa zakudya. Iwo akulangizidwa kuti azidulidwa mmawa pamene mame apita kwathunthu.
Sungani zinthu zoterezi m'malo amdima, ouma (mu chipinda chapamwamba kapena pansi pa okhetsedwa). Maluwa akhoza kuyanika padera, kufalitsa iwo pa zinyalala mumodzi umodzi.
Kumapeto kwa nyengo yolima nyengo, mu kugwa, sungani mizu. Amatsukidwa, kuchotsa matenda. Pakuti kuyanika malo aliwonse owuma ndi abwino. Mutha kuika mu uvuni, kutentha kutentha kuposa 60 ° C.
M'munda wanu, mukhoza kukula zomera za mankhwala monga basil, Lyubka tsamba lawiri, wowawa, zazifus, catnip, linden, medunitsya, timbewu tonunkhira, mandimu, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, lovage.
Zida zonsezi zimapulumutsa machiritso kwa zaka ziwiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama popanga tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, mafuta odzola, komanso ngati chogwiritsira ntchito tiyi yolimba.
Echinacea purpurea yakula kuchokera ku mbewu, mutatha kukolola kumathandiza ndi:
- chimfine ndi chimfine;
- magazi;
- zosokoneza za katemera ndi chiwindi;
- shuga;
- kukhalapo kwa zitsulo zolemera mu thupi;
- khungu ndi zilonda.
Mukudziwa? M'zaka za zana la 18, mapesi a Echinacea ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita mahatchi.
Musanayambe mankhwala amtundu uliwonse, ganizirani zotsutsana. Echinacea imakhalanso nawo:
- leukemia;
- atherosclerosis;
- matenda osokoneza bongo;
- chifuwa chachikulu;
- matenda alionse omwe amadzimadzimadzi okha.
Tawona kuti echinacea yofiira si yokondweretsa diso, koma ingakhale yopindulitsa ngati tipita kuchipatala mwanzeru. Palibe zovuta kuti zikule, ndipo maluso osachepera amafunikira - aliyense adzapirira. Kupambana kwa inu!
