Zokoma ndi zosasunthika: momwe mungapangire nkhaka zosakaniza? Maphikidwe abwino kwambiri ophika

Popanda nkhaka zosungunuka simungaganize za phwando la ku Russia. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chotupitsa chodziimira tokha mbatata, buckwheat, nsomba zamchere ndi mowa wamphamvu, kapena kuwonjezera mbale zosiyanasiyana.

Ayenera kutchuka chifukwa cha kukoma mtima, mtengo wotsika komanso kuphweka kwakukulu kunyumba. Momwe mungasankhire zokolola zokoma za chotupitsa, momwe mungakonzekere ndi kuzipulumutsa m'tsogolomu, tidzakambirana m'nkhani yathu. Zidzakhalanso zosangalatsa kuyang'ana kanema yothandiza pa mutu uwu.

Ndi chiyani?

Ndondomeko ya pickling nkhaka ndi motere:

1. Makasikidwe atakonzedwa pamodzi ndi zonunkhira amaikidwa mu chidebe choyera ndikutsanulira ndi brine.
2. Mu brine ndi zipatso, lactic asidi, acetic asidi, butyric acid, ndi yisiti mabakiteriya amayamba kukula, zomwe zimayambitsa ndondomeko ya nayonso mphamvu.
3. Pa kuyaka kwa shuga mu nkhaka, zazing'ono zowonjezera kuteteza zachirengedwe zotchedwa lactic acid. Amasiya kapena kulepheretsa ntchito yofunikira ya mabakiteriya omwe amawongolera ndi nkhungu, zomwe zimachititsa kuti masamba asokonezeke.

Pogwiritsa ntchito izi, nkhaka zimasungidwa, kupeza kukoma kwapadera, fungo lapadera ndi moyo wazitali.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji masamba?

Chifukwa cha kusankhidwa kwa zaka mazana mazana, mitundu iwiri ya nkhaka inamangidwa. ndipo si onse omwe ali oyenerera kuthirira. Pofuna kusankha masamba abwino pakati pawo, m'pofunika kutsatira zofunikirazo.

Kukula kwakukulu kwa nkhaka kumasiyana ndi 9 mpaka 12 masentimita. Zipatso panthawiyi yakucha zimakhala ndi shuga ndi lactic asidi, zomwe ndizofunika kuti zikhale zapamwamba kwambiri.

Matango akuluakulu ndi osafunika kugwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa mpweya wodzazidwa ndi voids nthawi zambiri umapangidwa mkati mwa zipatso zoterozo. Chifukwa cha mpweya wochulukirapo, kuyera kwa chipatsocho ndi kosafanana, ndipo nkhaka zimakhala zofewa kwambiri.

Mtundu wa nkhaka chotupitsa ayenera kukhala mdima wobiriwira., makamaka ndi nsonga zoyera kapena mikwingwirima yoyera kumbali. Zosiyana ndi deta zakunja zoterezi zimapangitsa mofulumira kwambiri. Koma ngati kulibe nkhaka zoterozo, ena amatsika, chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti mtundu wawo usakhale wachikasu.

Ndikofunika kusankha nkhaka ndi khungu lofewa ndi ziphuphu zakuda, chifukwa khungu limathandiza kuti yunifolomu imveke komanso kuyamwa mofulumira kwa mwanayo. Kusakanikirana kosavuta kwa madzi kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti shuga yomwe ili mu chipatso imayamba kuyesa, koma popeza zokolola sizikuoneka, nkhaka imapeza kukoma kowawa ndi fungo losasangalatsa.

Makasitomala ambiri a masitolo angakhale a parafini-yokutidwa kuti awonjezere alumali moyo ndi kuwapatsa kuwala kowala. Parafini yotumphuka mu brine ingayambitse kupweteka kwa m'mimba.

Penyani kanema pa pickling nkhaka kwa pickling:

Njira zotetezera ndi kusiyana kwawo

Kuti mumvetse kusiyana pakati pa pickling, pickling ndi pickling nkhaka, njira iliyonseyi iyenera kuganiziridwa mwatsatanetsatane.

Wiritsani

Zosungidwa nkhaka zimasungidwa ndi lactic asidiomwe amapangidwa chifukwa cha kuyamwa kwa zipatso mu njira ya mchere. Njira yotetezera imakuthandizani kuti muzisunga nkhaka ndi zonunkhira.

Salting

Makomedwe amchere omwe amayenera kusungiramo m'nyumba amakhala osiyana ndi ayaka kuti asungidwe, makamaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mchere, komanso lactic asidi mu ntchitoyi. Mchere wothira mankhwalawa ndi 3 mpaka 5 peresenti, ndipo amachokera ku 1.5 mpaka 2.5%. Palinso kusiyana kwakukulu mu msinkhu wa acidity.

Kusamba

Pankhaniyi, nkhaka zophikidwa mu marinade: njira yophika ya madzi, mchere, shuga ndi viniga. Madzi otentha ndi asidi asidi amawononga mabakiteriya, zomwe zimachititsa kuti nkhaka zowola, ndipo ali nawo mavitamini opindulitsa kwambiri ndi kufufuza zinthu zomwe zili mu chipatso.

Mu mbiya ndi kubanki - ndi kusiyana kwanji?

Kusiyana pakati pa mitundu iwiri ya yisiti ndi:

• pamene mukuyesa mbiya m'nyengo yozizira, m'pofunika kuyesa ndi kusunga nkhaka mu mbiya kapena chidebe chachitsulo m'malo amdima ndi ozizira;
• ndi njira yosungiramo zamitini, nkhaka ndizoyamba kuvuta, kenako zimakulungidwa pamwamba pa zitini ndi kutsekedwa ndi zida za pulasitiki.

Zitsekedwa zotsekedwa zamkotchi zimasungidwa patali pang'ono kuposa cask.

Kukoma kwa mbiya ndi zamzitini nkhaka, monga lamulo, chimodzimodzi, ngati teknoloji yokonzekera ndi yosungiramo zipatso sinaphwanyidwe, ndipo zipatso zokha zinasankhidwa molingana ndi mtundu wa peel ndi kukula kwake.

Pindulani ndi kuvulaza

Mavitamini a Lactic ndi ma vitamini ena ndi kufufuza zinthu zomwe zili mu nkhaka zowonjezera zimakhudza thupi:

1. Limbikitsani kukula kwa mabakiteriya opindulitsa m'matumbo.
2. Kupititsa patsogolo kutsekemera kwa mimba ya mimba.
3. Perekani zotsatira zochepa zowonjezera.
4. Pewani matenda a hangover (makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito brine).

Kugwiritsa ntchito kuzifutsa nkhaka sikovomerezeka pamaso pa matenda otere ndi pathologies:

• matenda a gallstone;
• chowopsa;
• atherosclerosis;
• pyelonephritis;
• kuchipatala kwachiwiri;
• matenda a impso.

Penyani kanema ponena za ubwino ndi kuopsa kwa nkhaka yosungunuka:

Kalori ndi Vitamini

Makilogalamu ambiri okhutira mu nkhaka kuchokera mu mtsuko wa nkhaka zowonongeka ndi 11.2 kilocalories.. Vitamini ndi mineral zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi izi:

• potaziyamu;
• phosphorus;
• magnesiamu;
• calcium;
• zitsulo;
• chitsulo;
• mavitamini a magulu C, B, PP.

Cold salting

Chinsinsi, kuphika kwa nyengo yozizira, komanso crispy, monga nkhaka zooneka ngati mbiya popanda kuperewera, mu zitini zozizira. Makina opangira salting sakufuna kuwiritsa mafuta, komanso kuchotsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatsenga komanso kuwomba kwawo.

Kuphika kudzafunika:

• zitsuko zotsukidwa;
• Zidutswa 3-4 katsabola;
• Zidutswa 2-3 masamba;
• Ma PC 5-7. chitumbuwa kapena masamba a currant;
• 4 cloves wa adyo;
• nandolo wofiira kapena wakuda (kulawa);
• Supuni 3 za mchere;
• 1 chikho cha madzi ofunda;
• mphamvu yodyetsa nkhaka;
• kuchuluka kwa madzi osankhidwa.

Sitikulimbikitsidwa mwamphamvu kuti mukhale ndi nkhaka zowonongeka ndi kuzitsuka mu madzi a pompopu, chifukwa ndizovuta kwambiri chifukwa chazomwe zili ndi laimu ndi zinthu zina zoipa. Izi zidzakhudza kwambiri kukoma kwa mankhwalawa.

Zotsatira zochitika:

1. Musanayambe salting nkhaka ayenera kuthiridwa mu madzi oyera kwa maola angapo. Izi zidzawathandiza kuti athe kusungitsa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kuti asatenge madzi kuchokera ku chitha, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake.
2. Asanayambe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchotsa nsonga za nkhaka, chifukwa zili ndi kuchuluka kwa nitrates.
3. Kenaka, nkhaka zimadulidwa pamadzi otsukidwa bwino komanso makamaka mabanki omwe ali ndi madzi otentha, kumene masamba amasakaniza ndi zonunkhira. Komanso, zonunkhira zimatha kugona pansi pa mtsuko, musanaike nkhaka.
4. Ndiye konzani brine. Kuti muchite izi, tsitsani mchere mu galasi ndikutsanulira madzi ofunda kumeneko, ndikuyambitsa mpaka makinawo atha.
5. Chotsitsacho chimayambitsidwa mumtsuko.
6. Bonde la brine litadzaza ndi madzi oyera pamwamba. Kuti mcherewo uzimitse nsonga za nkhaka, zomwe zidzawapulumutse kuti asafota, kuvunda ndi nkhungu.

TIPA: Zamasamba zamasamba ziyenera kuloledwa kutentha kutentha kwa masiku 3-4, zitatha zitini zimatsekedwa ndi chivindikiro cha pulasitiki ndikuyika yosungirako kosatha pamalo ozizira (cellar, firiji). Pakapita masiku 30-45 adzatsuka.

Penyani kanema pa ozizira pickling wa nkhaka:

Magawo

Ngati mukusowa chophika kuphika nkhaka zowonongeka nthawi yomweyo kuti mutumikire kapena kuwonjezera pa mbale, ndiye chokhachi cha nkhaka mu magawo. Ndi kwa iye kuti akulimbikitseni kukweza nkhaka zazikulu, zowirira komanso zamtengo wapatali, zomwe zimawoneka bwino.

Kuphika 4 makilogalamu a nkhaka:

• mitsuko imodzi kapena theka lita imodzi ndi chivindikiro (mabanki otere sasowa kuyendetsa);
• kupukusira nsapato ku mabanki;
• 250 g shuga;
• 200-250 g wa viniga 9%, omwe ndi ofunikira kotero kuti miyendo isachepetse, kusunga kachulukidwe kake ndi kusokoneza;
• 1 chikho cha mafuta a mpendadzuwa woyengedwa;
• Mphete yowopsya 1;
• Supuni imodzi pansi tsabola osakaniza;
• Supuni 2 zamchere;
• 3 atsogoleri a adyo;
• chikho choyezera;
• mphamvu yokophika marinade;
• beseni yaikulu yachitsulo kapena mphika waukulu;
• bwalo lazitini zowononga;
• sungani kukula kwa bwalo;
• kuchuluka kwa madzi osankhidwa.

Ndondomeko:

1. Nkhaka ndi odulidwa nsonga zonse zatsukidwa, ndiyeno, osachepera 2 maola akuviika mu madzi oyera. Pambuyo poyambitsa ndiwo zamasamba, amadulidwa mu magawo, tsabola amawazidwa pa iwo, ndipo adyo amawombera kunja.
2. Mu thanki, marinade imakonzedwa kuchokera ku viniga, mafuta a mpendadzuwa, shuga ndi mchere, zomwe zimagwedezeka mpaka zitasungunuka kwathunthu.
3. Nkhaka anathira marinade ndi kuika m'malo ozizira kwa maola 5-7.
4. Pamene nkhaka imasungunuka, mabanki ayenera kusawiritsidwa. Kuti muchite izi, ikani chokopa pa mphika pa chitofu, mubweretse ku chithupsa ndikuyika bwalo la kuperewera pamwamba, koma musazimitse moto. Banki imayikidwa pa bwalo ili ndi khosi lake pansi ndipo limatenga mphindi 10. Mpweya wotentha umene ukubwera udzapha kwambiri tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zitha kukhalanso chosawilitsidwa pomaliza mphindi 10 mu uvuni pamasitepe 160 kapena mu uvuni wa microwave pamtunda wa 700-800 Watts. Mitsuko yosawilitsidwa imayikidwa pamalo oyera mu khitchini.
5. Zitsulozi zimatetezedwanso, chifukwa chaichi, zimaphika kwa mphindi zingapo m'madzi, kenako zimakhala m'madzi otentha. Madzi otentha amafunika kuti chivundikirocho chiwonjezeke, chomwe chidzakupangitsani kuti chikhale chosavuta kuti chigwedezeke ndikusindikiza chingwecho pamene chatsekedwa (chivindikiro chidzagwedeza ndi kumangirira khosi).
6. Nkhaka zimayikidwa pamabanki, omwe amadzazidwa ndi marinade, koma osati pa khosi palokha, koma masentimenti asanafike.
7. Chophimba chachikulu kapena poto chimayikidwa pa chitofu, thaulo imayikidwa pansi, ndi mbiya za nkhaka pa thaulo. Danga pakati pawo ndi bwino kuika gauze kapena HB thaulo kuti mabanki asakhudzizane. Kenaka madzi amatsanulira mu thanki, yomwe imayenera kufika ku "zowonjezera" za zitini. Amabweretsedwa ku chithupsa ndikusungidwa mu dzikoli kwa mphindi khumi, mpaka mitsuko ndi zomwe zili mkatizo zimatulutsidwanso.
8. Pambuyo poyambitsa kuyamwa, mtsukowo umamangiriridwa mwamphamvu pa chivindikirocho ndipo umatembenuzidwa mobwerezabwereza kuti alowetsere kutsitsa pamwamba pa nkhaka.

ZOFUNIKA: Mitsuko yokhotakhota ikhoza kutumizidwa kumdima wamdima, samasowa tsiku ndi tsiku pansi pa "malaya a ubweya."

Ndi aspirin

Kuphika kudzafunika:

• zitini zitatu zotengera ndi capseti;
• ambulera yachitsulo;
• 8 cloves wa adyo;
• Mipiringidzo 6;
• 3-4 ma peppercorns;
• 2-4 mapepala;
• Supuni 3 za mchere;
• Supuni 1 ya shuga;
• Supuni imodzi ya viniga;
• Mapiritsi a aspirin;
• phala lasautsa;
• bwalo lazitini zowononga;
• mphamvu yodyetsa nkhaka;
• mabulangete ndi zovala zotentha.

Ndondomeko:

1. Nkhaka ndi osambitsidwa ndi ankawaviika kwa maola angapo.
2. Mabanki ndi zophimba kwa iwo ndizosawilitsidwa mu njira imodzi yomwe tafotokozera pamwambapa.
3. Nkhaka ndi zonunkhira zaikidwa mu chosawilitsidwa mtsuko, anatsanulira ndi mchere pamwamba ndi kutsanulira ndi madzi ozizira, ndiye chatsekedwa ndipo anasiya kuyendayenda kwa tsiku.
4. Tsiku lotsatira, brine yomwe imapezeka mwa njirayi imatsanuliridwa kuchokera mumtsuko kupita mu poto, kumene shuga imaphatikizidwira. Kusakaniza kumabweretsa kwa chithupsa ndi zithupsa kwa mphindi 2-3.
5. Mu mtsuko wa nkhaka ikani mapiritsi awiri a aspirin, ndiye muwatsanulire ndi madzi otentha otentha mpaka pamwamba, kusiya malo pang'ono kuti mupange supuni ya vinyo wosasa, umene umawonjezeredwa mpaka kumapeto. Kenaka chithachi chimapotozedwa ndi kapu yosawilitsidwa kuchokera kumadzi ofunda.
6. Mabanki otentha a tsiku ndi theka ataphimbidwa komanso atakhala ndi zinthu zotentha kotero kuti kutentha kwa iwo kudutse motalika kwambiri ndi kupha tizilombo tonse mkati. Pamene potsiriza amazizira, amatha kuvala yosungirako nthawi yaitali.

Penyani kanema pa nkhaka za salting) ndi aspirin:

Zakudya

Mukhoza kusunga masamba osiyanasiyana ndi nkhaka.:

• tomato;
• zukini;
• Tsabola wa ku Bulgaria;
• kaloti;
• kolifulawa;
• anyezi.

Mndandanda wa zowonjezera ndi zosakaniza, komanso ndondomeko ya zochita kupanga mbale ndi ndiwo zamasamba, ndi zofanana ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa mu kake ka nkhaka mu magawo.

Kodi mungatani kuti muthe?

Kuti kuzifutsa nkhaka zinachitikira crispy, muyenera kusankha zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana pamaso salting. Ziyenera kukhala zazikulu zoyenera, ndi zikopa zochepa koma zotalika komanso ziphuphu zamdima. Pamene zipatsozo zidzakulungidwa musanayese kuyang'ana, bwino zotsatira zake zidzakhala. Kugwedeza kumathandizidwanso ndi pickling ndi vinyo wosasa ndi kuwonjezera vodka, horseradish ndi masamba a thundu ku pickle.

Kodi mungatani kuti muwonjezere moyo wa alumali?

Kuti asungunuke nkhaka nthawi yaitali yosungidwa, muyenera kuwasunga mumdima ndi kuzizira. Pofuna kuteteza nkhungu sizikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera masamba a currant ku nkhaka. Kuti mutenge nkhaka kuchokera ku mbiya yotseguka kapena yosakanizidwa, muyenera kuyimiritsa ndi mphanda yomwe imatulutsidwa ndi madzi otentha, ndipo nthawi zonse mutseke chitha ndi nayiloni kuti brine isapse. M'pofunikanso kuti nthawi zonse muchotse filimuyi ndipo muzitsatira ndi mpiru wa mpiru kapena kuwaza ndi chipsera cha horseradish.

Ngati mchere wosakwanira wawonjezeredwa kumalo oyamba, nkhaka ikhoza kutha kapena kukonda kulawa. Zomwezo zidzachitika panthawi yosungiramo zosayenera. Komanso, nthawi yosungirako nkhaka zowonongeka, nkhungu imatha kuoneka pamtunda, zomwe zimapangitsa chipatso kukhala chokoma ndi zonunkhira.

Kodi ndikuti mungasunge bwanji?

Ndikofunika kusunga masamba obiridwa m'malo amdima ndi ozizira kuti dzuwa ndi kutentha kwake zisamapangitse kayendedwe kabwino ka brine. Malo oterewa ndi: cellar, pansi, firiji, khonde, pantry, komanso makabati omwe sakhala otsegula, omwe ali kutali ndi zipangizo zotentha.

Zakudya

Zitha kuwonjezeredwa ku vinaigrette, saladi ya "Olivier" Yatsopano ya Chaka Chatsopano, ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ndi saladi zamasamba, kapena ikhoza kuphikidwa ndi pickle zowonongeka. Zonse Pali maphikidwe okwana pafupifupi 300 omwe amasuta.

Kodi mungapangitse bwanji zinazake kuti zisinthe?

Pofuna kusunga nkhaka m'nyengo yozizira, kuwonjezera pa salting, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira izi:

• uwaike mu chidebe chosindikizidwa, kutulutsa mpweya kuchokera pamenepo ndikusungira mu firiji kapena pantry;
• Chovala ndi dzira loyera ndikuika mu furiji.

Zitha kudulidwanso m'magulu, makoswe kapena madontho komanso ozizira mufiriji.

Kutsiliza

Mothandizidwa ndi nayonso mphamvu, mungathe kukonzekera mwamsanga komanso mwakhama kuchuluka kwa nkhaka m'nyengo yozizira. Ngati mukutsatira ndondomekoyi ndikusunga zamasamba, zamasamba zowonongeka zimakondweretsa kukoma kwanu mpaka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe.