Lupine ndiofalikira m'maiko ambiri. Zosiyanasiyana zilizonse zimamera m'gawo linalake - zimatengera nyengo. Duwa limayamikiridwa chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake okongola, kuzindikira kwawo posamalira. Mitundu ina imagwiritsidwa ntchito paulimi. Komabe, alimi ali ndi chidwi chawo - choyamba, ali ndi chidwi ndi funso loti: lupine ndi chomera cha uchi kapena ayi? Kuti muyankhe molondola, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa ndikufotokozera kwazomera zamitundu ina.
Kodi lupine ndi chomera cha uchi
Ndi mlimi waluso chabe amene amatha kuyankha molondola funso - lupine uchi chomera kapena ayi. Mitundu yonse yazomera ndiyofanana kotero kuti mtundu wina uliwonse wa maluwa ungalakwitsidwe chomera cha uchi. M'malo mwake, mitundu itatu yokha ndiyo.
Lupine ngati chomera cha uchi
Lupine, monga chomera cha uchi, sichofunika kwambiri, popeza timadzi tosiyanasiyana tomwe timapezeka pachinthuchi tili tating'ono kwambiri poyerekeza ndi maluwa ndi mbewu zina. Koma izi ndizokwanira kupanga uchi kukhala wapadera muzomwe amachiritsa.
Chitsamba chimodzi chokha ndichikhalidwe ichi chomwe chimakhala ndi uchi wambiri - lupine wokhala ndi masamba ochepa. Mitundu yotsalayo imapanga mungu wambiri ndi uchi wocheperako.
Kodi mbewuyo ndi chomera cha uchi
Kufotokozera zamitundu mitundu ya uchi lupine
Kupanga uchi wa Lupine kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mitundu yazomera. Mwambiri, mitundu itatu yokha ndiyofunika kuteteza njuchi: yoyera, yachikaso ndi yopanda masamba okhala ndi lupine. Mwanjira iyi, mitundu yoyera ndi yachikaso imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati poyambira mungu wa njuchi, koma zopendekeka ndizopatsa timadzi tokoma. Ndikupezeka kuti si uchi uliwonse wa lupine wokhala ndi zizindikiritso zabwino za timadzi tokoma.
Ponena za kutulutsa maluwa, muyenera kudziwa mfundo zina:
- Potengera kuchuluka kwa timadzi tokoma, lupine ngati chomera cha uchi limapereka makilogalamu 50-90 pa hekitala, ngati lupine lopanikizika limakula kwambiri m'gawolo.
- Kutolere kwa timadzi tokoma ndi mungu ndi tizilombo kumachitika pambuyo pa masiku 100 mpaka 130 a mbewu yogwira ntchito.
- Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina yamaluwa, kuchuluka kwa timadzi totsika totsalazo sikochepa - 10-12% okha.
Kufotokozera kwamaluwa ochititsa chidwi
Kupezeka kwa mungu kapena timadzi tokoma kuchokera ku lupins titha kutsimikiza ndi zolembedwa patsamba la mafelemu. Kununkhira kwa kukhudza koteroko ndikosangalatsa, ndipo kakomedweko kali kowawa.
Wachikasu
Kupatsa njuchi mungu, ndikofunikira kubzala mbewu zachikasu. Mtunduwu umamera ku Polesie (nkhalango-steppe), m'malo ena muyenera kubzala maluwa.
Kudziwa mitundu yotereyi ndikosavuta:
- Masamba ooneka ngati obiriwira.
- Zimayambira mpaka mita imodzi. Nthawi zina pamakhala zitsanzo zoposa 2m.
- Chipindacho ndi chachitali, chokhala ndi maluwa akulu achikasu, chophatikizika ndi inflorescence.
Kalasi yachikasu
Tcherani khutu! Yang'anani lupine wachikasu m'malo omwe muli dothi lamchenga, lomwe lili ndi acidity yambiri.
Maluwa amayamba kumayambiriro kwa Juni. Ngati duwa limamera mumthunzi, masamba ake adzaphuka kumayambiriro kwa Julayi ndipo sadzaphuka kwanthawi yayitali.
Choyera (lat.Lupinus albus)
Mitundu iyi imakhala yofala kumadera akumwera. Chomera cha uchi ndi mulingo wapakatikati, popeza ndichoyenera kwambiri mungu.
Kunja, duwa atha kufotokozedwa motere:
- Tsinde limafika pamtunda wa 1 mita. Muzu ndiwotalikapo kawiri.
- Chipale chofikira chimatha kutalika 1.5 - 2 m kutalika.
- Nthawi ya maluwa yoposa mwezi umodzi. Masamba amatsegulidwa mkati mwa Julayi.
- Mphukira zake ndi zazikulu, zoyera komanso zokhala ndi duwa.
Maonekedwe oyera
Zowonjezera! Chikhalidwe chimakula pokhapokha malo pomwe nthaka yake ndi yachonde kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, pakufunika kutero, feteleza azithira pansi.
Mitundu yoyera ya maluwa siziopa chisanu ndipo imalekerera chilala, komabe imawonedwa ngati kutentha +25 madigiri.
Wocheperako
Pafupipafupi (buluu) lupine siwosinthika modabwitsa. Chochititsa chidwi ndi mtundu wa inflorescence. Pa peduncle imodzi, masamba amatha kukhala ndi utoto wofiirira, wabuluu, wa buluu wamtambo wokhala ndi miyala yoyera.
Mitundu yokhala ndi yopyapyala ndi imodzi mwa mbewu zapamwamba za uchi zokhala ndi zizindikiro zabwino. Matendawa amafikira kutalika kwa mita awiri. Imakonda nyengo yotentha, chifukwa chake imakula m'chigawo chapakati ndi chakum'mawa. Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi dothi ziyenera kukhala mchenga.
Chomera cha uchi
Imaletseka chisanu cha -8 madigiri, koma imakonda chilimwe chotentha. Limamasula pafupifupi masiku 20, kuyambira kumapeto kwa June. Mitundu ya buluu ndi mbewu yabwino kwambiri ya uchi, koma kuwonjezera apo imaperekanso njuchi mungu.
Zinthu za lupine ngati chomera cha uchi: zothandiza za uchi
Lupine la njuchi ndi chomera chowoneka bwino - fungo labwino la maluwa, mungu wambiri ndi timadzi tokoma. Ubwino wina ndi uchi wapadera womwe umapezekanso kuchokera ku mbewu iyi:
- ndi wofooka wofooka;
- amathandizira bala lamankhwala;
- Zothandiza popewetsa kutupa.
Chenjezo! Uchi wokhala ndi timadzi tokoma ta lupine umatha kuyambitsa mavuto pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi miyendo.
Lupine Uchi
Chenjezo! Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa zinthu zonse zomwe zili pamwambapa, mankhwala opangira njuchi yokhala ndi chinthu choterocho amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zothandizira zochizira mafuta ndi mafuta, chinthu chabwino kwambiri chodzola.
Momwe mungapangire uchi wa lupine pazambiri za uchi
Lupine, yemwe uchi wake suuli kale, amafunikira chisamaliro choyenera ngati wabzala njuchi. Kulima moyenera agrotechnics kumathandizira kupanga uchi wa mbewuyi. Ndikofunikira kuganizira zotsatirazi:
- Mutha kubzala mbewu pokhapokha mbeu, beets kapena chimanga. Ngati izi zisanachitike, nyemba zimamera pamalopo, ndiye kuti duwa limakula bwino.
- Asanafesere, ndikofunikira kumeza manyowa m'nthaka ndi feteleza wachilengedwe. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa nthaka ndikuyipangitsa kukhala yoderera.
- Chiwembucho chizikhala chotseguka. Kutalika kwambiri kwa zitsamba kapena mitengo ndi 1.5 m.
- Kubzala zinthu (nthanga) ndibwino kuyala chiyambire kugwa, pafupifupi mu Novembala. Kenako maluwa adzachitika posachedwa.
- Malingana ndi muyezo wofesa mahekitala 1 amtunda amasiya makilogalamu 3 a mbewu. Mutha kutenga 2 kg yodzala, ndiye kuti zochulukazo zimakhala zokulirapo ndipo nthawi yamaluwa imatha nthawi yayitali.
Kulima zachikhalidwe
- Mutha kuyika njere mu zitsime. Pafupifupi mbewu zinayi zimayikidwa mgawo lililonse. Mtunda pakati pawo uyenera kukhala wosachepera 20 cm.
- Mutha kubzala m'matchuli. Kutalikirana kwa mzere uyenera kukhala 40 - 45 cm.
- Kuti mbande zizioneka panthawi yake, ndipo mbewu sizizizira nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuwaza mabowo ndi nthaka, wosanjikiza womwe adzakhala osachepera 4 cm.
- Mphukira zokulirapo zimayenera kudulidwamo kuti zitsamba zikhale zolimba ndi kuphuka molondola.
- Mukathirira aliyense, ndikofunikira kumasula dothi kuti dothi lisaphukire ndi kudutsa chinyezi bwino.
Njuchi zimapanga uchi kuchokera ku lupine nectar.
Mukakwaniritsa zonse zofunika pakufesa ndi kusamalira bwino, nkhalangozi izisangalala ndi mawonekedwe ake, ndipo njuchi zilandira mungu wokwanira ndi timadzi tokongola tating'ono tital maluwa. Kuphatikiza apo, kubzala mwadongosolo kumathandizira kukulitsa tchire labwino kwambiri komanso maluwa abwino.
Osakhala alimi ambiri omwe amadziwa kuti lupine imatha kukhala chomera cha uchi. Maluwa samabweretsa timadzi tambiri, koma mungu wokwanira kwa njuchi. Koma mitundu yochepa yokha ndi yomwe imawonedwa monga - 3. Kuphatikiza apo, mbewuyo imakopanso ndi mawonekedwe ake osangalatsa, onunkhira. Uchi wokhala ndi timadzi tokoma wa lupine umawonedwa ngati machiritso ndipo umathandiza kwambiri.
