Eni ake m'minda ndi m'maluwa achilimwe amayenera kuganizira zonse zamaluwa omwe angagwirizane ndi dimba lomwe lidakhazikitsidwa kale komanso momwe angapangire maluwa kuti maluwa athe kukondweretsa diso nyengo yonseyo. Mu izi, maluwa osatha - grouse amathandizira. Zomera zochepetsetsa koma zodabwitsa izi, chifukwa cha mitundu yake, zidzasintha malowa, ndikuwonjezera mawonekedwe ake pazithunzithunzi zonse.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Chesset fritillary (kapena osakaniza fritillaria meleagris) ndi mbewu ya herbaceous ya banja la Liliaceae. Dzina lina ndi "mtengo wa paradiso" ndi "galasi". Mtengowo udalandira mayina achilendo kwambiri pakati pa anthu chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake. M'mayiko a kum'mawa kwa Europe, hazel grouse, wotchedwa chifukwa cha checkered color, amadziwika kuti ndi dzina lotchuka kwambiri.
Grouse chess
Kufotokozera kwa Botanical:
- Bzala losatha la herbaceous lotalika masentimita 35. Loyenera kubzala pamabedi a maluwa ndi mbali ya njira.
- Habitat - Pakati ndi Kum'mawa kwa Europe, Russia. Habitat - malo otsetsereka a m'mapiri, nkhalango, mitsinje ndi malo opondapo.
- Ili ndi babu laling'ono lophwanyika komanso phesi lochepera, lomwe limakutidwa ndi ma tubercles pansi.
- Malowa ndi ochepa. Masamba owonda obiriwira otuwa obiriwira amakhala ndi mawonekedwe.
- Duwa limodzi lili ndi galasi.
- Maluwa a Lilac ali ndi makatani okhala ndi zipika zowala zomwe zimasunthika.
- Nthawi yamaluwa ndi kumapeto kwa Epulo - pakati pa Meyi.
Yang'anani! Kupatula pokhapokha, pamatha kukhala maluwa opitilira umodzi pachomera chilichonse.
Mitundu yayikulu ya hazel grouse
Pazonse, pali mitundu 80 mpaka 180 ya hazel grouse, pomwe 30 okha ndi omwe ali oyenera kulimidwa. Zotchuka kwambiri ndi:
- Grouse Alba (Meleagris Alba). Zosiyanasiyana ndizowala komanso zachilendo. Kutalika kwa grouse kumakhala mpaka masentimita 20. Maluwa ali ndi utoto woyera wokhala ndi malo obiriwira. Amakonzekera kumera mumthunzi wochepa pansi pa mitengo ndi zitsamba. Kuyamba kwa maluwa a grouse meleagris kugwa kumapeto kwa masika - chiyambi cha chilimwe.
- Grouse Radde (Fritillaria raddeana). Kutalika kwa mbewu mpaka masentimita 80. Masamba ndi lanceolate amdima, maluwa akuluakulu owoneka ndi belu ali ndi mtundu wachikaso kapena mtundu wa kirimu. Maburashi amtundu wa inflorescence ndiwowoneka bwino, kuyang'ana kwa maluwawo amasinthasintha. Mitundu yoyambirira ya hazel grouse radde imatha kulekerera chisanu mochedwa. Kuyamba kwa maluwa ndi theka loyamba la Meyi.
- Grouse Lutea (Fritillaria imp lutea). Kutalika kwa mbewu - mpaka masentimita 90. Maluwa akulu amakhala ndi mtundu wachikaso wowala. Mu inflorescence mpaka 8 pamakhala. Ziphuphu zimatha kutalika kwa 7 cm. Masamba obiriwira ndi ochepa thupi. Kuyamba kwa maluwa ndi pakati pa Meyi.
- Grouse imperial (Fritillaria imperialis). Kutalika kwa mbewu - mpaka 1.5 m. Bulbu yopindika yozungulira masentimita 10. Masamba a Lanceolate ali pa tsinde mu 3 whorls. Maluwa a 3-5 - mu ambulera imodzi inflorescence kumtunda kwa mphukira.
Kugawa ndi chilengedwe
M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, nyumba yopangira ma hazel imakula mwachangu m'malo otentha am'mayiko aku Europe ndi North America. Komabe, malo omwe chikhalidwe ichi ndi chofala kwambiri ndi ku Asia Minor, komwe mitundu yambiri ya fritillary idachokera.
Ku Russia, ikhoza kupezeka m'chigawo chapakati cha gawo la ku Europe. Amamera m'nkhalango, pamatanthwe, m'malo otsetsereka. M'malo am'mapiri, zimapezeka makamaka pansi kapena m'chigawo chapakati cha lamba.
Kugawa ndi chilengedwe
Njira zofunikira zachitetezo
Popeza nkhonya zachilengedwe za hazel grouse zimachepetsedwa kwambiri chaka chilichonse, zalembedwa mu Red Book ndipo zimafunikira chitetezo. Njira zoletsa ndizophatikizira kuletsa kusonkhanitsa, masiku enieni osambitsa nyama, ndi njira zoletsa msipu. Makina oyendetsa bwino akugwira ntchito kuti aletse kusonkhanitsa kopanda zomera mosavomerezeka. Kusaka pafupipafupi kwa malo atsopano odzala maluwa ndi kutetezedwa kwa anthu omwe amapezeka kumachitika.
Grouse chess ngati mbewu yokongoletsera
Fritillaria fritillaria wakhala akudziwika kuyambira 16th century. Mitundu yazikhalidwe imakhala ndi maluwa awiri. Mitundu ina yamaluwa imalimidwa m'minda kuyambira Middle Ages. Ndipo ngakhale pakadali pano mitundu 30 yokha ndiyomwe imayambitsidwa mchikhalidwechi, si onse omwe amatha kukopa chidwi. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi hazel grouse ndi grouse ya imperial.
Ambiri wamaluwa amvapo za hazel grouse yotuwa. Mitundu yosowa kwambiri pamitunduyi ndi hazel grouse Russian ndi Kamchatka.
Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kake
Chess grouse imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kukongoletsa malo. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake achifundo achilendo, duwa limawoneka lalikulu m'minda yamiyala. Kuphatikiza pa mbewu zina, zimathandizanso kupanga maluwa okongola. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi yabwino kubzala pa udzu kapena m'mabedi.
Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kake
Zofunika! Kuphatikiza pa ntchito yokongoletsera, duwa lithandizira kuteteza mbewu za m'munda ku mitundu yonse ya tizirombo.
Chess hazel grouse kufalitsa
A grouse chess-amafalitsa m'njira ziwiri zokha - mababu ndi mbewu.
Kufalitsa kwa babu
Njira yoberekera imeneyi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mababu amadzaza pamalopo, amayamba kuona kuti palibe malo. Nthawi yabwino yoswana ndikutha kwa chilimwe.
Pofuna kufalitsa hazel grouse ndi mababu, muyenera:
- Sanjani maluwa mosamala, osachotsa dothi.
- Patulani ana ang'onoang'ono kuchokera kwa mbewu.
- Agwetseni patsamba lokonzekera kale.
Ndi isanayambike yophukira, kuphimba kubzala ndi mulch. Izi zisangalatsa malo okhala maluwa amtsogolo.
Yang'anani! Mababu amatha kusungidwa kwa masiku ochepa musanabzalidwe m'nthaka yatsopano. Kuti muchite izi, amayikidwa mumtsuko wokhala ndi peat ndikusiyidwa m'malo abwino.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Popeza hazel grouse ili ndi bokosi la mbewu, imatha kufalitsa mbewu podziimira pakokha. Amachita izi mwachisawawa, ndipo maluwa amabzalidwa mwadongosolo. Izi, ochepa mwa omwe adya kachilomboka amakhutira, kotero ambiri amasintha ndikuyika chotsekera pa hazel grouse ku malo osankhidwa nawo. Koma ndibwino kuti nthawi yomweyo komanso mwazomera mubzale mbewu pamalo omwe mukufuna.
Njira zopangira:
- Sungani mbewu - zosonkhanitsa zimapangidwa mkati mwa Julayi.
- Konzani dothi ndi malo omwe mbewu yobzalidwa.
- Ikani mbewuzo pansi ndi 1 cm, koma osatinso.
- Misonkhano yoyamba ikhoza kuyembekezedwa pofika nyengo yamvula yotsatira.
Amayamba kutulutsa pokhapokha zaka zitatu.
Kubzala chomera
Kukhazikika panja ndikusamalira hazel grouse ndi nkhani yosavuta. Koma kuti muchite izi molondola, muyenera kudziwa malamulo ena.
Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yodzala grouse ndiye kutha kwa chilimwe. Ambiri mwa omwe amalima maluwa salimbikitsa kuti aziika malowo mpaka zaka zitatu motsatana.
Kusankha kwampando
Malo omwe ali ndi dzuwa m'mundamo ndi oyenera kubzala, pomwe hazel grouse imamveka bwino mumthunzi wocheperako. Tsambali limalimbikitsidwa kuti lizitetezedwa ku mphepo komanso madzi osayenda.
Kuthirira
Ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti dothi lomwe lili pamalopo silikuuma. Babu liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse. Pangitsani pansi padziko lapansi pafupifupi kawiri pamwezi.
Ntchito feteleza
Chovala choyambirira chapamwamba chimayenera kuchitika mkatikati mwa masika ndi feteleza wouma wokhala ndi micronutrients a nayitrogeni. Omwe alimi amagwiritsa ntchito humus, zitosi za nkhuku, phulusa la nkhuni. Pambuyo maluwa pakathirira, hazel grouse iyenera kuthiridwa manyowa. Pankhaniyi, superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulfate ndizoyenera.
Zofunika! Gawo la umuna liyenera kuwerengera mogwirizana ndi malangizo omwe ali phukusi.
Kumasulira ndi kuluka
Poyamba, dothi lozungulira chomera liyenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika mosamala kuti zisakhudze mizu yomwe ili kumtunda kwa dziko lapansi. Pakulowa nthawi zambiri gwiritsani ntchito utuchi kapena peat.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira hazel grouse ndikuphwanya
Kusamalira mbewu
Hazel grouse ndi chomera chosalemera, kotero kusamalira ndikosavuta. Komabe, makamaka olima maluwa omwe akufuna kukwaniritsa maluwa apamwamba kwambiri amayenera kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yawo yopumira ku duwa.
Pogona nyengo yachisanu
Chomera chimalekerera kusinthasintha kosavuta kwa kutentha, kotero palibe njira zapadera zofunika kuzitengera. Komabe, ngati madzi oundana ali ndi mvula yambiri, mbewuyo iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi nthambi za spruce.
Feteleza ndi umuna
Chisanu chomaliza chikatha, muyenera kuyamba kudyetsa maluwawa ndi feteleza wovuta kwambiri wa mineral ndi humus. Feteleza umayikidwa pamwamba pa dothi pafupi ndi duwa. Pak maluwa, phulusa lamatabwa liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo duwa litayamba kufota, superphosphates.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Grouse ali ndi chozizwitsa - kununkhira kwa mababu awo kumawopseza tizirombo ambiri, mwatsoka, si onse. Tizilombo ta masamba tomwe amapezeka pamtengowu ndikuti amavulaza masamba ndi masamba. Zomwe zimachitika ndi izi zimachotsedwa pochiza mankhwalawo ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Kuphatikiza apo, duwa limatha kudwala ma slgs ndi waya.
Kukhazikika kwa grouse
Duwa limakhala lolimbana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, ndipo nthawi zina limatha kuvunda. Pankhaniyi, yankho labwino kwambiri ndikuchotsa ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwazo mwa kuzidula.
Kukula chess grouse ndi njira yabwino yophunzitsira kwa oyambitsa wamaluwa. Njira yodzala ndi kusamalira yokha ndiyosangalatsa ndipo imapereka mipata yambiri pakukwaniritsa mapulani olimidwa pamalowo. Nthawi yomweyo, zotsatira za kulima zimakupatsani mwayi wosangalala ndi utoto wonse wamitundu yomwe duwa labwino limapereka.
