Mkuyu kapena mkuyu - mafotokozedwe a zipatsozo zikuwoneka

Mkuyu, kapena mkuyu, umakhala wosowa kwambiri m'minda yaku Russia. Ngati mizu imayamba, imayamba kubala zipatso bwino ndikuchita ntchito yokongoletsa. Owerenga adzafuna kudziwa momwe nkhuyu zimamera, mtengo wa mkuyu ndi momwe ungasamalire.

Mkuyu kapena mkuyu

Nkhuyu, kaya ndi mtengo kapena shrub, ndi yamtundu wa Ficus, banja la a Mulberry. Kuthengo, ndizofala kumayiko a Mediterranean, India, Georgia, Armenia, Iran, Azerbaijan. Wopangidwa ku Krasnodar Territory, Crimea. Madera omwe mtengo uwu umamera amakhala ndi nyengo yotentha komanso yopanda chinyezi. Zomera sizilekerera kuzizira kochepera -12 digiri. Itha kumalidwa kunyumba.

Mkuyu

Zipatso za mtengo wa mkuyu zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, pomwe zopatsa mphamvu zimakhala zochepa. Zipatso za mtengo wamkuyu mulinso nyumba yosungiramo mavitamini ndi michere yambiri, komanso zinthu zachilengedwe: pectins, fiber.

Chiyambi ndi mawonekedwe

Owerenga adzakondwera ndi kufotokoza kwa momwe nkhuyu zimawonekera. Mtengo wa zipatso kapena chitsamba uli ndi kutalika kwa mamita 10. Pamaso panthambi zachilungamo. Makungwa ndi opepuka, osalala.

Masamba ndi akulu, ndikukonzekera kwotsatira, ali ndi masamba atatu mpaka 7. Pamwamba, mtundu wawo ndi wakuda. Amatha kumera kutchire mpaka 15 cm kutalika mpaka 12c. Petiole ndi yayitali komanso yolimba.

Mu ma axils a masamba ndi inflorescence. Mawonekedwe awo ndi mawonekedwe a peyala. Alibe kanthu ndipo ali ndi mwayi wotseguka pamwambapa. Zimatengera momwe mkuyu umaphukira. Dzina la inflorescence yachimuna ndi kaprifigi, chachikazi ndi nkhuyu.

Zipatso za mtengo wamkuyu ndi zotsekemera komanso zowutsa mudyo. Mawonekedwe awo ndi mawonekedwe a peyala, kutalika - mpaka 8 masentimita, radius - mpaka 5 cm. Kulemera kwa chipatso chilichonse kumayambira 30 mpaka 70 g. Mbeu zing'onozing'ono zimakhala mkati mwa zipatso.

Mitundu ya mitengo ya mkuyu ndi kukula kwake imasiyanasiyana kwambiri pamitundu iliyonse. Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ndi yachikaso ndi yobiriwira, komanso yamtambo.

Mtengo wa mkuyu nthawi zambiri umatha kutulutsa pakakula. Male inflorescence amakula kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Ma inflorescence achikazi amapangidwa nthawi yotentha komanso yophukira. Zomera zimatulutsa chachiwiri, nthawi zina mchaka chachitatu mutabzala. Mbewuyo imakhazikika mbewuzo zikafika zaka 7.

Mitundu ndi mitundu ya nkhuyu zokulira m'mundamo

Pali mitundu ina ya mitengo ya mkuyu yoyenera kumera m'munda.

Zipatso za mkuyu

Dalmatia

Mitunduyi idabadwa mu Tbilisi Botanical Garden mu 1901, komanso ku Italy ndi Germany. Ku Russia, imamera m'dera la Black Sea. Zili mwa mitundu yodzala pachonde. Imalephera chisanu mpaka madigiri -15.

Chomera choyamba cha zipatsozi chimachotsedwa mu Julayi. Chiwerengero cha zipatso chimachokera ku 20 mpakana 35. Zomera zachiwiri ndizachulukanso. Mitengoyo ndiyotsika, yophulika, yokhala ndi korona. Ma inflorescence ndi akulu, okhala ndi peyala yayitali, ali ndiexports. Masamba ndi akulu, ndimabowo 5 mpaka 7.

Zipatso za zokolola zoyambirira ndi zazikulu mokwanira - mpaka 180 g, yachiwiri yaying'ono - mpaka 90 g. hue ndi wobiriwira, wachikaso. Thupi la zipatsozo ndi lofiirira.

Brunswick

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazomera nkhuyu zosagwira kwambiri. Othandizira akuyesetsa kukulitsa ngakhale pakatikati pa Russia, pobisalira nyengo yachisanu. Imatha kupirira chisanu mpaka-27 madigiri lakutidwa.

Zipatso za Brunswick

Zosiyanasiyana zimabwezeretsedwa mwachangu itatha nthawi yozizira, ndikulola kuphukira kwatsopano kuchokera ku mizu. Mlimi ayenera kuteteza njirazi momwe angathere.

M'mabwinja, mmera umakula mpaka mamita awiri, koma nyengo ya Russia kutalika uku ndikosavomerezeka. Mukabzala musalole kufalikira kwamizu kwambiri. Masamba a mbewu iyi ndi akulu kwambiri, kutalika ndi 25 cm, ndi malovu wolimba. Maluwa sawonekera konse; ali pabwino mtsogolo.

Zomera zimapereka mbewu ziwiri pachaka: mu Julayi ndi Seputembara. Yoweyula yoyamba ndiyosafunikira: Mtengowo umatulutsa zipatso zochepa zolemera pafupifupi 100. Khungu la zipatso limakhala ndi utoto wofiirira. Kukoma kwa chipatso ndikokoma. Zokolola za m'dzinja ndizochulukirapo: mtengowo umabala zipatso zolemera 70 g.

Choyimira choyera

Uku ndi mitundu yopangidwa modzala, ndikupatsa mbewu ziwiri pachaka. Zabwino pakukula panthaka. Mwana wosabadwayo safuna kupukutidwa kowonjezereka.

Zipatso zamtunduwu ndizochepa - mpaka 60 g.Hee ndi zachikasu, zobiriwira. Thupi ndi pinki, kukoma kwake ndi kukoma kwambiri.

Kusiyana pakati pa izi ndi zina ndikuti sikuti timangopirira chisanu bwino, komanso matenda a imvi. Popeza khungu ndilopakika, mitunduyi siyili yoyenera antchito. Ubwino wazipatso ndikuti ukhoza kusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali.

Kadota

Mitundu iyi yodzipukutira yokha imawuma ku California. Zipatso zimacha msanga, zimalemera pafupifupi 60 g. Mapangidwe ake ndi chipatso, owumbidwa, owotcha. Popeza zipatsozi zawuma panthambi, zimakhala zabwino kupangira majamu ndi kuzisunga.

Mtundu wa chipatso ndiwobiliwira chikasu, mawonekedwe ake ndiwowoneka peyala kapena wozungulira. Amakhala ndi fungo labwino komanso kukoma kwake.

Nkhuyu zipsa

Mbande zimabzalidwa mbali ya dzuwa. Kwa dzinja amafunika kuphimbidwa.

Randino

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino kwambiri za mkuyu. Zipatso za mbewu zoyambirira zimakhala ndi kulemera kwa 100 g, chachiwiri - mpaka 60 g. Mapangidwe zipatso ndi asymmetric, elongated, wokongola maolivi. Amasiyana m'malo mwake.

Izi zosiyanasiyana kugonjetsedwa ndi tizirombo.

Kubzala mmera mutagula

Sapling ikhoza kumakula m'njira ziwiri zazikulu: pakadutsa 45 madigiri ndikupanga chingwe chopingasa. Poyambirira, kugwada kwa nthambi musanakhazikike. Kachiwiri, mmera umabzidwa vertically, pamwamba umadulidwamo. Mbali zowombera pansi.

Kubzala nkhuyu

Ma fundo amakonzedwa ngati mikono yolowera mbali zosiyanasiyana. Amapanga masamba, pomwe nthambi zimamera. Iwo amapsa mbewu ya nkhuyu.

Zomwe mukusowa

Pakubzala, dzenje limakumbidwa pafupifupi mita ndi theka, kutalika kwa mita ndi mpaka 80 cm. Kukula kwakukulu sikofunikira, chifukwa mizu ya nthambi iyi mbewu mozungulira.

Pamalopo pamafunika kupetedwa payokha, kenako ndikumayikumba. Pansi pake amayiyika ndowa imodzi ndi theka ya humus (ikhoza m'malo mwa kompositi), 200 gr. superphosphate ndi feteleza wochuluka wa potaziyamu. Kenako pamatsanulira gawo laling'ono la chonde.

Mulu amapangika mu fossa, pomwe mizu ya mmera imagawika. Amakutidwa ndi dziko lapansi, wopangidwa ndi madzi ambiri.

Chomera chimakhala dothi lotseguka koyambirira kwa Meyi, pomwe chiwopsezo cha chisanu chamadzulo chikutha.

Malo abwino

Choyamba muyenera kusankha malo ofunda ndi otetezedwa ku mphepo yozizira m'mundamo. Msewu umatulukira ngati mukufuna kubzala mbewu zingapo nthawi yomweyo.

Chisamaliro

Kukwaniritsidwa kwa malingaliro othandizira kumawonjezera kukhazikika kwa mkuyu, zipatso zake.

Kusamalira Mkuyu

Njira yothirira

Mbande zimathilira mutabzala kwambiri. M'tsogolo, pafupipafupi madzi othirira amachepetsa kangapo pamwezi. Komabe, ndizosatheka kusiya kuthirira nthawi yonse yopanga inflorescence, chifukwa mbewuyo ndi yophatikiza. Kusunga madzi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulch.

Kutsirira kumayima pokhapokha nthawi yakucha. Nthawi yotsiriza mbewuyo itamwetsedwa mutatha kutolera zipatso zonse. Izi zimawonjezera chisanu.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Malamulo azakudya chomera ndi awa:

1. Ma feteleza a nayitrogeni amayambitsidwa mu gawo limodzi lachitatu la nyengo yakula.
2. Pakati pa nthawi yachilimwe, ma phosphates ayenera kuwonjezera.
3. Chakumapeto kwa chilimwe komanso koyambilira kwa nyundo, feteleza wa potashi umayikidwa.
4. Mwezi uliwonse, zinthu zomwe zimafunikira kuti mtengowo upite zimayamba.
5. Mavalidwe apamwamba a Foliar amachitika kawiri pamwezi.
6. Kuchokera feteleza wachilengedwe, nthaka, ma humic acid amayamba.

Chifukwa chiyani nkhuyu sizibala zipatso

Owerenga akuganiza kuti chifukwa chiyani nkhuyu zibala zipatso. Chomera sichitha kubereka zipatso chifukwa cha tizirombo. Nthawi zambiri:

• ognevka (amachititsa kuvunda kwa chipatso, chifukwa chomwe maluwa amagwa ndikugwa);
• tsamba la masamba (limakhudza mbewu kuti masamba asandulike chikaso, zipatsozo zimawola, tsinde limafota, maluwa akutuluka amauma);
• tsamba-tsamba limachepetsa kukula kwa tsinde;
• kachilomboka kagwedeza makungwa, chifukwa chomera chimafa.

Zodzaza

Feteleza pa zipatso

Munthawi ya zipatso, feteleza wa potashi umayikidwa. Ndikofunikira kudyetsa mbewuyo nthawi yamaluwa isanathe, i.e. pakucha gawo lachiwiri la chipatso.

Kukonzekera yozizira

M'dzinja, masamba onse akagwa, tchire limagwa pansi. Kenako amamangidwa, kukonkhedwa ndi nthaka kapena masamba owuma. Mutha kuphimba mmera ndi masamba kapena masamba a spruce, kuwonjezera pamenepo mutetezere pamwambapa ndi zinthu zounikira.

Ikayamba kuzizira, nthambi zimakutidwa ndi spanbond yakuda (m'magawo awiri). Pakapita kanthawi, chomeracho chimakutidwa ndi utoto wapulasitiki.

Chapakatikati, pogona chimachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono. Itha kuchotsedwa kwathunthu pokhazikika nyengo yakhazikika ya kasupe ikakhazikitsidwa popanda kubwerera kwa chisanu.

Nkhuyu - chomera chokongola cha thermophilic chomwe chimakongoletsa mundawo ndikubala zipatso zokoma. Sikovuta kuzikulitsa, ngakhale kuti ndi chisanu.