Zinia - kulima kwakunja ndi chisamaliro

Duwa la Zinnia ndi maonekedwe okongola. Dzinalo lodziwika bwino ndi "lalikulu." Ichi ndi mbewu yachikale kapena pachaka, chomwe chiri chitsamba chopindika ndi zipatso zambiri kapena chimodzi. Maluwa ndi a banja la a Astrov ndipo amachokera ku South Mexico - kwawo kwa cacti. Duwa labwino kwambiri limafunikira chisamaliro chapadera pakusamalira, gawo lililonse la kukula, maluwa ndi kukula.

Zinia - kulima kwakunja ndi chisamaliro

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya majors, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe ake kutengera mtundu, kutalika kwa chitsamba ndi mawonekedwe a mphukira. Ziphuphu zimatha kukhala zamtundu uliwonse: wofiira, wabuluu, wapinki, wachikasu, lalanje, wosakanikirana, ngakhale lavenda.

Kufalikira zinnia

Ngati tilingalira malongosoledwe a botanical, ndiye zinnia ndi shrubby kapena chomera cha herbaceous chomwe chili ndi dengu pafupi ndi duwa. Siyanitsani pakati pa mitundu yosatha ndi yapachaka, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kukongoletsa ziweto ndi maluwa.

Maluwa m'munda

Zine: Kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera

Tsiniya, kulima ndi kusamalira kutchire komwe kumakhala ndi kuthekera ndi zovuta zake, kumakondweretsa diso ndipo kumakopa chidwi chifukwa chakubwera kwa inflorescence wobiriwira. Izi zimatheka pokhapokha ngati mukupweteka komanso kusamalira pafupipafupi.

Zomwe mukusowa

Maluwa amawoneka okongola komanso ochulukitsa m'tsogolo, ngati simupanga zolakwika kuyambira pachiyambi, zomwe mukukonzekera kubzala. Chifukwa chake, kuyika nkosatheka popanda zida zotere:

• fosholo yamunda;
• gawo lapansi;
• kuthirira ndowa;
• tepi yoyezera.

Zida zamaluwa

Kuphatikiza apo, mungafunike fosholo yokhazikika kuti mubzale mbande.

Kusankha malo abwino: zinnia mu maluwa

Zinnia mu flowerbed zimatha kukhala malo aliwonse, chifukwa zimagwirizana bwino ndi mbewu zofananira zilizonse komanso zitsamba zosaphimba. Koma muyenera kusankha malo potengera kuyatsa. Simuyenera kubzala mbewu pamabedi a maluwa, omwe ali tsiku lonse padzuwa. Panthawi yotentha kwambiri, mthunzi wocheperako uyenera kugwera pamaluwa. Kukhalapo kwa zojambula kapena malo otsekedwa ndi mpweya sikungakhale njira yabwino kwambiri.

Ikani maluwa

Pang'onopang'ono ikamatera

Kuti pasakhale mafunso onena kuti chifukwa chiyani chachikulu sichimaphuka kapena mbewuyo ikukula bwino, muyenera kuchita bwino kubzala.

Mutha kubzala zinnia mwanjira iyi:

1. Konzani kama. Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zachilengedwe zazing'ono. Mumasuleni bwino dothi.
2. Pogwiritsa ntchito spatula ya m'munda, pangani zomveka pansi.
3. Mu maenje okhazikitsidwa kukhazikitsa zotupa za peat ndi gawo lapansi.
4. Nyowetsani nthaka ndikuthirira kwambiri.

Kubzala zinnia

Malangizo a Zinnia Care

Maluwa a Zinnia ndi othandizika kwambiri pankhani ya chisamaliro ndipo amafunikira chisamaliro chochuluka komanso chisamaliro. Kuthirira, kuvala pamwamba, kuchotsa namsongole ndi dothi looser kuyenera kuchitidwa mokhazikika. Ngati zonse zachitika molondola komanso munthawi yake, ndiye kuti maluwa ake adzakusangalatsani ndi maluwa abwino.

Zabwino

Njira yothirira

Zinnia zofunikira kwambiri ndikuthirira. Zazikulu zimakonda chinyezi. Koma kuthirira kuyenera kukwaniritsa izi:

1. Ndikofunika kuthirira chomera kawiri pa sabata. Dongosolo liyenera kukhazikika.
2. Ndikofunikira kupanga kuthirira kwambiri, komwe kumatsimikizira kuti kulowa kwa chinyezi ndi 20-30 cm mwakuya mu dothi.
3. Pakatha kuthirira kulikonse, ndikofunikira kumasula pansi kuti zitsimikizire kuti mpweya uzizika muzu.

Zokhudza kuthirira zinnia

Ngati kuthirira kumachitika moyenera komanso pamakonzedwe, mizu sitha kuwola, ndipo chomeracho chilandira chinyezi chokwanira kuti chikule komanso maluwa.

Momwe mungadyetsere zinnia kuti ikule komanso maluwa

Kuti muthe chitsamba chowala bwino, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungadyetsere zinnia kuti ikule komanso maluwa. Zazikulu zimawononga michere yambiri kuchokera m'nthaka kuti zikule ndikukula, ndichifukwa chake muyenera kutsatira malamulo awa:

1. Kupatula kuvala pamwamba panthaka yomwe mukukula mbande, mutabzala pamalo otseguka pambuyo masiku 10, mutha kupanga manyowa kapena manyowa.
2. Kuphatikiza apo, superphosphates, potaziyamu sulfate kapena nitrophosphate amawonjezeredwa. Diliza zinthu m'madzi. Gawo lake ndi supuni 1 pa 10 malita a madzi.
3. Feteleza sikuyenera kuzunzidwa, apo ayi vuto la gigantism popanda maluwa kapena kuwola kwa mizu kudzachitika.

Feteleza ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi, koma pang'ono. Feteleza kumachulukitsidwa pokhapokha maluwa.

Kodi ndifunika kutsina zinnia

Choyamba muyenera kusankha pazomwe muyenera kutsina. Sizingatheke kutola nsonga zazitali zazikulu, zomwe zimapangidwira maluwa. Ngati izi zichitika, ndiye kuti mbewuyo imapanga nthambi zoyambira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ma pedicel angapo amatha kupanga pamwamba pa thunthu limodzi.

Kusina mbande

Ngati palibe zoletsa, ndiye kuti kupanikiza zinnia ndikofunikira pantchito yoyang'anira chisamaliro chabwino. Mukapanda kuchotsa pamwamba pa chitsamba, ndiye kuti iyambauma. Izi zikuwononga moyo wazonse.

Mutha kuchita njirayi ngakhale muchipinda, nthawi yomwe dimba layamba kale kupanga ndipo patatha masiku opitilira 5, ndiye kuti mutha kudula pamwamba ndikusiya masamba 5 otsika.

Kutsina chomera chomera

Kutsina kumatha kuchitika patatha masiku 10 mutabzala panthaka. Ndikokwanira kutsina pamwamba pa tchire ndi zala zanu. Ngati mungadumphe nyengo ya njirayi, ndiye kuti maluwa sangathe kudikirira ayi, chifukwa duwa limachira kwanthawi yayitali.

Zosamalidwa nthawi yamaluwa

Munthawiyo, monga zinnia zimamasula, muyenera kupanga kuvala kwa sabata lililonse pang'ono. Njira yabwino ikhoza kukhala feteleza amadzimadzi. Munthawi ya maluwa a zinnia, chisamaliro chimafuna kusamala makamaka, kuphatikiza umuna, muyenera kuyang'anira kuwonda kwa masamba ndikuwachotsa mu nthawi.

Zinthu zosamalira pakupuma

Kukonzekera mtendere wa zinnia, kuyimilira ndi chisamaliro panthaka yomwe idachitidwa molingana ndi malamulo onse, ili ndi izi:

• kudyetsa kuyimitsidwa;
• kuthirira kumachepetsedwa mpaka 1 pa sabata;
• mbali zonse za thunthu zimadulidwa.

Zina zimachitika molingana ndi mkhalidwe wa chitsamba.

Kukonzekera yozizira

Tsiniya, kulimidwa komwe kumachitika molingana ndi malamulo, kumafunika chisamaliro chisanachitike nyengo yachisanu:

• ndikofunikira kudula gawo lakuthambo, kusiya masentimita angapo kuchokera pansi;
• kumasula pansi m'munsi mwa mlengalenga;
• kuphimba dothi ndi masamba othiridwa ndi minga pamitengo ya Khrisimasi;
• gonani pamtundu wapamwamba ndi poyambira.

Chomera chobzala maluwa

Nthawi zambiri, mitundu yosatha imayilidwa kuti ikhale maluwa, pomwe imayikidwa muzipinda zofunda.

Zinia: pachaka kapena osatha

M'dziko lathu, nthawi zambiri mitundu ya pachaka imabadwa, yomwe imamera pachilimwe ndikumwalira ndi chisanu. Kuchokera pamenepa, amalima maluwa amatola mbewu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofesa mbewuyo. Chifukwa chake, kusintha kwa moyo wapachaka kumapitilira chaka ndi chaka.

Kubalana kwa zinnia

Zosatha ndizosowa. Zonena zoterezi zimatha kukula m'maluwa a maluwa mumsewu nthawi yotentha komanso nthawi yozizira. Ma perennial majors amatha kukhala chokongoletsera chabwino kwambiri chogwiritsa ntchito mwamphamvu kapena chosasintha.

Njira zakulera za Zinnia

Tsiniya imabereka mwanjira yapadera (mbewu). Ngati mumasamalira bwino chodzala ndikutsatira malamulo onse a kumera, ndiye kuti mu masabata ochepa mutha kulandira zabwino zokha, komanso mbewu zosiyanasiyana.

Kufalikira ndi kudula

Olima ena amayesa kufalitsa zazikulu kunyumba ndi njira yodulira. Njira siyabwino pachikhalidwe cha maluwa. Zomwe zimachitika kuti mizu kuchokera ku nthambi siyakukwaniritsidwa. Mwachiwonekere, phesi limangoyuma kapena kuvunda.

Kukula kwa Zinania

Njira yofotokozera maluwa ndi mbewu ndiyo njira yabwino koposa. Mtengowo umakula bwino, pachimake pa nthawi yake, ndipo masambawo ndi akulu ndikubowola. Mbande zimakula bwino ngati mutabzala m'mabokosi, osati poyera.

Mukadzala nthangala za zinnia za mbande

Kubzala mabokosi kumachitika kumapeto kwa March kapena koyambirira kwa Epulo. Chovuta kwambiri komanso chachitali ndi kukonzekera kwa mbeu ndi kumera (masabata awiri). Ndikofunikira kuti kutentha kwa chipinda ndi 19-22 ℃ pamwamba pa ziro. Kuyatsa ndi kuthirira kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo. Kenako, patatha masiku 5-6, mphukira zoyambirira zidzawonekera.

Mbewu zodzala

Pambuyo pa mphukira yoyamba, mutha kubzala mbewu zomwe zimaphukira pang'ono. Chifukwa cha njirayi, mbande za mibadwo yosiyanasiyana zitha kupezeka. Izi zitha kukhala zofunikira pakamasamba, nthawi yanthawi iliyonse idzakhala yosiyana chifukwa nthawi zobzala zosiyanasiyana.

Kodi mbande za zinnia zikuwoneka bwanji

Pambuyo pa kumera mbewu, mutha kuwona zamera zoyambirira zomwe zimawoneka ngati nkhaka kapena tomato, koma masamba ozungulira komanso owala. Tsamba lachitatu litawonekera, muyenera kupanga chosankha - yikani mawonekedwe aliwonse mu chipinda cha hotelo.

Mbande za Zinnia

Kulima mbande zambiri kudzapangidwa payekhapayokha. Mukasankha, mutha kuyamba kuumitsa mbande. Ndikokwanira kawiri kawiri pa sabata kutenga zinthu zodzala mumsewu kapena khonde. Nthawi yakuuma kotere imayamba kuchokera pa mphindi 10 ndipo nthawi iliyonse imachuluka ndi mphindi 5.

Kubzala mbande za zinnia poyera

Nthawi yabwino yotsika pamaluwa wamaluwa ndi masika, komwe ndi kumapeto kwa Meyi. Chachikulu ndichakuti msewu ndiwofunda ndipo mbande zake zimakonzekereratu. Ponena za kubzala, pali malo angapo ofunikira, osayang'anira omwe angayambitse kufa kapena kukolola kwamaluwa.

Zinnia zokulira mbande, mutabzyala pabedi lamaluwa ndi momwe:

1. Choyamba muyenera kusankha kuti ndi mitundu iti yomwe imakulidwa - yayifupi kapena yayitali.
2. Ngati ndiutali, ndiye kuti mtunda pakati pa mbande uzikhala wosachepera 40 cm.
3. Mukabzala mbewu zam'mera, phala limatha kukhalabe 20 cm.

Kubzala mbande

Mtunda pakati pa mizere uyenera kukhala 30 ndi 15 cm, motere .. Musanabzale, muyenera kukonzanso dothi - konzekerani gawo loyenerera ndikudyetsa nthaka. Sankhani malo owala ndi dzuwa ndikupanga mabowo osaya kapena mabedi. Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, ndiye kuti patatha milungu 12, kanyumba kudzaza mitundu yonse ya utawaleza.

Matenda a Zinnia: Momwe Mungachiritsire

Kuti mukule duwa labwino muyenera kukonzekera kuziteteza kumatenda ndi tizirombo. Mavuto ambiri:

• Bowa - muzu zowola, fusarium, powdery mildew. Fungicous (Bordeaux fluid) ingathandize.
• Mavairasi - zithunzi zimawonekera mwa kusintha kwa masamba a masamba. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa kwathunthu madera onse kapena chomera chonse.
• Zoyota. Vutoli limafunikira mayankho owoneka bwino - kuwonongedwa kwa zomwe. Zomwe zimayambitsa maonekedwe ndi chinyezi chambiri m'nthaka. Chikombo cha Gray chimawonekanso chimodzimodzi.
• Alternariosis - yowoneka ndi mawonekedwe a bulauni mawanga pamasamba. Chotsani mbali zomwe zakhudzidwazo ndikuchiza chitsamba ndi antiseptic wapadera.
• Powdery mildew - yoyanika yoyera masamba. Ndikofunikira kupatula nthawi kuti izi zisawononge ena onse. Sambani madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi madzi ofunda ndikuwathira yankho lapadera.

Chitsanzo cha matenda

Kuphatikiza pa matenda, chitsamba chimakhudzidwanso ndi mitundu yonse ya tizirombo - nsabwe za m'masamba, nthata, akangaude, scoops. Ngati simukulimbana ndi vutolo munthawi yake, ndiye kuti mbewu zotere sizimaphuka.

Chifukwa chiyani zinnias zimatembenuza masamba achikasu ndi choti achite

Vutoli limadziwika kuti ndi tsamba liti lomwe lidayamba kukera. Kuti mupewe kukongoletsa masamba muyenera kudziwa momwe mungadyetsere zinnias. Feteleza zochulukirapo kapena zida zosankhidwa bwino zingayambitse masamba.

Zambiri mu maluwa

Ndiosavuta kukula zinnias ngati mumalabadira bwino duwa ndikutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo omwe kuthirira, kuthira manyowa ndi kusamalira nthaka. Akuluakulu adzayamika chisamaliro chopweteketsa mtima chomwe chikuyenda bwino pamaluwa.