Ficus (ficus) amayenera kukhala yotchulidwa kwa mbewu zotchuka kwambiri mu Russian Federation. Ndi m'gulu la mbewu zobiriwira nthawi zonse. Maluwa amadziwika chifukwa cha kusazindikira kwawo komanso kuthekera kwawo kuzisintha m'malo osiyanasiyana. Kupezeka kwamavuto ndi kukula ndi kutalika kwa duwa kumapangitsa kuti alimi osadziwa alinso ndi chidwi chothirira feki moyenera.
Kangati kuthirira ficus
Kuthirira ficus ikuchitika zosaposa 2 pa sabata. Pore yozizira itafika, kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa chinyezi cha dothi kumachitika: kuyambira Okutobala amachepetsa mpaka sabata, komanso kuyambira mwezi woyamba wozizira mpaka kamodzi masiku 10.
Kuthirira ficus
Ubwino wamadzi a ficus
Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa aluso amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito madzi amvula, ndipo nthawi yozizira - kusungunula chisanu. Ngati pali kasupe wachilengedwe pafupi ndi nyumbayo, ndiye kuti madzi abwino kuchokera pachinsinsicho ndiwo njira yabwino yothetsera vuto la kuthirira chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera.
Zofunika! Kusungunula kwa dothi ndi madzi apampopi wamba kumachotsedwa. Zinthu zomwe zili momwemo zimakhudza dziko lapansi komanso zomwe zimera. Pakanapanda njira ina, imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakusokera tsiku ndi tsiku.
Kuthirira kuchokera pa mpopi wa zitsamba zobiriwira kumachitika malinga ndi algorithm:
- Pambuyo pa zakumwa zingapo, zimawiritsa.
- Lolani kuziziritsa - voliyumu yonse imagawidwa kukhala ziwiya zingapo.
- Pambuyo kukhazikika kwa maola 24, mmera umathiriridwa.
Pofuna kupewa chikhalidwe kuti chisakhale chobisalira, kuvala pamwamba kumachitika: kawiri pamwezi, kuyambira pa Marichi mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala. Kuphatikiza kwa dothi ndi nyimbo zachilengedwe kumakupatsani mwayi wopereka chikhalidwecho zinthu zonse zofunika, kuti zikuthandizire kukula ndi chitukuko.
Ficus feteleza
Fikiki ya Benjamin idapatsidwa mayankho otsatirawa:
- Bona Forte;
- Mphamvu yabwino;
- Multiflora aqua;
- Chisangalalo cha maluwa.
Tcherani khutu! Feteleza aliyense wogulitsa amakhala ndi malangizo atsatanetsatane pa malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito. Opanga ena amapanga zinthu zomwe zimakwanira pafupifupi 500 njira zopangira nthaka yabwino.
Zizindikiro za kuthirira kosayenera
Mosasamala kanthu za kuzindikira kwa chikhalidwe cha maluwa, chinyezi chambiri cha dziko chimakhudza mosavomerezeka. Pali zizindikiro zingapo zomwe zimathandizira kumvetsetsa kuti duwa limafuna kusintha kathiridwe kapena kumafuna madzi abwino:
- Kukula kwa kukula kwa ruby ficus - kuwonjezera pakutha kwa chitukuko, kumadziwika ndi masamba achikuda kumapeto kwa chikhalidwe. Vutoli limalumikizidwa ndi nthaka yosauka komanso mchere wosakwanira. Kupanda kutero, ndi kusowa kwamadzi. Chithandizo chimakhala pakukulitsa kuchuluka kwa kuthirira komanso kuyambitsa munthawi yake zinthu zofunikira.
- Zotsatira zowola pamizu, mphukira kapena masamba - zimasimba chinyezi komanso kusokonekera kwa chinyezi mumtsuko. Kunyalanyaza chenjezoli kumatha kuyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana oyamba ndi fungus.
Zofunika! Kusintha kwa pafupipafupi kwa kunyowa kwamtundu kumadalira kutentha ndi chinyezi chazipinda. Mu zipinda zozizira komanso zotentha, kuthilira pafupipafupi kumatha kukhala bowa ndi matenda ena.
Zizindikiro za kuthirira kosayenera
Zomwe zili ndi vuto ndi kuthirira kosayenera
Kuphwanya zofunika kwa ulimi wothirira nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa matenda okhalitsa a mbewuyo kapena kufa kwake. Ndikathirira kosayenera, mbewuyi imagwidwa ndi tizilombo toononga. Njira zolakwika zitha kuzindikiridwa ndi izi:
- kutaya masamba, mapangidwe achikasu owoneka mbali zonse ziwiri za masamba;
- kuwoneka pang'onopang'ono kwa mtundu wosalala ndi kutha kwa mtundu wowoneka bwino wobiriwira wa mlengalenga.
Kuphwanya malamulo okhudzana ndi chinyezi chosayenera kapena nyengo, kumayambitsa kuti mbewuyo iume. Ndizovuta kwa oyamba kumene kumaluwa kuwerengera mapulani oti ulimi wothirira ndikuthira gawo lapansi, chifukwa chake akuyenera kuwongoleredwa ndi zomwe ambiri amavomereza. Kwa okonda odziwa mbewu zamkati, tanthauzo la kusintha kwa chisamaliro si vuto lalikulu: malinga ndi momwe dothi limawonekera komanso mawonekedwe a ficus.
Zomwe zikutsatiridwa munthawi yozizira komanso yotentha
Akatswiri amagawa nthawi ya njirayi kukhala nthawi yozizira komanso nthawi yachilimwe, mawonekedwe amayenderana ndi kusintha kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi.
Zima
Nthawi imayamba kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, nthawi yoyamba kutentha ikadzabwera. Pakadali pano, mbewuzo zimachepetsa kuthamanga kwa timadziti kudzera mu thunthu ndi masamba, sizifunikira kuchuluka kwa michere, monga nthawi yotentha. Popewa kukula kwa matenda ndi kuukira kwa tizirombo tina, thirirani chikhalidwe chathu kawiri pamwezi.
Kuphatikiza pa kuthilira kwachizolowezi dothi, kupopera mbewu gawo lobiriwira komanso shawa yosiyanapo nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. M'nyengo yozizira, amachotsedwa ku pulogalamu yokakamiza - panthawi ya kukhazikitsa, zoopsa mwangozi masamba angachitike.
Zambiri! M'malo mopopera ndi kusamba, kupukuta pepalalo ndi penti yonyowa kumadza. Ndondomeko amathandizira kuyeretsa iwo fumbi lokhalokha ndikuwadyetsa pang'ono.
Chilimwe
Pofika kutentha kwa masika komanso mpaka masiku ofunda kwambiri a nthawi yophukira, nyumbayo ili ndi chinyezi. Zomera zimafuna kunyowetsedwa pafupipafupi kwa mchere wambiri, michere yokwanira. Munthawi imeneyi (makamaka mu nthawi ya masika), Kukula ndi Kukula kwafika patsogolo - chikhalidwechi chikuyenera kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa ulimi wothirira, kamodzi pa masiku asanu ndi awiri.
Zofunika! Kuphatikiza pa kuyimitsa kokhazikika kwa gawo lapansi, kusamba kosangalatsa (pamwezi) ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa masiku onse 20.
Ficus Chowawa
Njira Ya Kuthirira kwa Ficus
Kuthirira mbewuyo ndikosavuta komanso kosavuta. Kodi mumafunikira kuthirira fiko kangati: musanatsatire njirayi, muyenera kusamala ndi zovuta zina:
- pangani miyala yokomera pansi (mpaka 7 cm) musananyengedwe - njirayi imalola kuti madziwo agawidwe mokomanizana muphika wonse osasunthika pamwamba pa nthaka;
- pambuyo kunyowa chinyezi, kumasula kumachitika - zimathandiza kuwonjezera mpweya ndi michere ku mizu;
- kuthirira kumachitika ndendende, ndikuwonetsetsa nthawi zonse zotsatira zake: ngati madzi onse apita mu poto, ndiye kuti amachotsedwa mosamala ndipo gawo lapansi limanyowa.
Njira zothirira wamba sizovuta, ngakhale ana amatha kuzigwira. Pakupopera mbewu pachikhalidwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito msuzi wapadera wamadzimadzi.
Tcherani khutu! Ngati kuphwanya zofunika kwa ulimi wothirira sikunatenge nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti kukonza kwawongolero kudzachotsa zotsatirapo zonse za zolakwika. Kuzindikiritsa munthawi yake vutoli kuthandizira kupewa kufalitsa tizirombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kukula kwa mafangasi.
Chinyezi ndi Kumwaza
Zizindikiro za chinyezi zimasiyana malinga ndi nyengo: nthawi yotentha imachepa, ndipo nthawi yozizira imachulukirachulukira. Malingaliro awa ayenera kukumbukiridwa powerengera gawo lonyowa.
Ficus amatanthauza mbewu zomwe zimakonda chinyezi chambiri. Kuti apange malo abwino, amafunika kuthirira nthawi zonse, kukonkha komanso kusamba pafupipafupi, ndikuyeretsa mapepala okhala ndi fumbi ndi dothi.
Kunyumba, maofesi ndi malo osamalira ana amaikiramo zipinda zoyeretsera kuchokera kufumbi. Kupukuta kumadzaza masamba, ndipo mwachizolowezi chamoyo chokhachokha, kuyeretsa kwakanthawi kwa gawo lobiriwira ndi mapepala a thonje kumafunika.
Zofunika! Ngati chinyezi chimaposa 30%, ndiye kuti duwa silifunikira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Pakuchepa, madzi owiritsa kapena otentha amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Palibe zoletsa pa kuchuluka kwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa - zimayendetsedwa molingana ndi zosowa, kuyang'ana kwambiri momwe mbeuyo imabzala.
Kuwaza ficus
Ndondomeko ngati mbewuyo yatasefukira kapena yowonjezereka
Ngati kusefukira kapena chinyezi chosakwanira chapezeka munthaka, akatswiri amalangizidwa kuti ayang'ane gawo lobiriwirali la chikhalidwecho. Njira izi zikuthandizira kudziwa nthawi yomwe matenda akudwala kapena kukhazikika kwa tizirombo tina. Momwe mizu imayendera zowola - ndi zowonongeka zochepa zimachotsedwa.
Ngati mbewu idakhudzidwa kale ndi tizirombo (nthata, tinthu tambiri, ma aphid, mealybugs, mavu), ndiye kuti chithandizo choyambirira ndikungotsuka masamba ndi siponji ndi madzi a sopo. Sopo yochapira imalowetsedwa m'madzi owiritsa ndipo njira iyi imatsuka osati masamba onse kumbali zonse, komanso tsinde.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa! Ndi matenda ambiri a majeremusi, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi tizirombo tikulimbikitsidwa: Aktara, Aktellik, Fufanon. Pamaso pa njirazi, mbewu zodwala ziyenera kugawidwa ndi athanzi kuti zisayambitse matenda.
Kubwezeretsa duwa pambuyo posowa madzimadzi ndikosavuta kuposa kulimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo. Dziko lapansi mu thanki limasulidwa mosamala, ndiye kuti madzi amatsanulidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi mcherewo womwe umakonzedwamo. Njirayi singangofinyetsera gawo lapansi, komanso kuwonjezera thanzi ndi zinthu zosowa zofunika.
Ficus amatanthauza zachilengedwe chamkati, chosavuta kusamalira. Ndi kukhazikitsa koyenera malangizo ofunikira kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, mutha kumatha kukhala duwa labwino komanso labwino, popanda chitetezo chokwanira. Katundu womalizayu amamuthandiza kulimbana ndi matenda ambiri komanso kupewa kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
