Peonies ndi chikhalidwe chosasangalatsa. Kuti mupeze chitsamba chokongola ndi maluwa okongola obiriwira, mumafunikira michere yomwe sichipezeka m'nthaka nthawi zonse. Pofuna kupatsa mbewu zovuta za mchere wofunikira, zimadyetsedwa katatu pachaka, ndipo kuvala komaliza kumachitika m'dzinja. Kunyalanyaza njirayi sikulimbikitsidwa, chifukwa izi zimatha kusokoneza mawonekedwe ndi mbewu. Kodi kudyetsa peonies mu kugwa, ndipo moyenera kuchita njirayi?
Mavalidwe apamwamba posambira: zabwino zonse ndi zoipa
Peony kudya m'dzinja amatenga gawo lalikulu mu maluwa
Peonies ndi mbewu zosatha zomwe zimamera malo amodzi nthawi yayitali ndipo zim pachimake pachilimwe. Munthawi imeneyi, amapatsa pafupifupi zinthu zonse zofunikira ku maluwa ndi masamba, kotero mtundu wa inflorescences watsopano ukhoza kuwonongeka kwambiri.
Mbali yayikulu ya peonies ndikuti kukula kwa mizu yamatchi kumapitilira ngakhale maluwa atayamba kugwira ntchito. Ngati mutayang'anitsitsa mizu yake, mutha kuwona kakulidwe kakang'ono pa iwo, momwe michere yomwe imafunikira kuti pakhale masamba ndi inflorescences imadziunjikira. Chifukwa chake, kudyetsa masamba mu nthawi yophukira kumathandizira kuti pakhale maluwa abwino nyengo yotsatirayi ndipo kumathandizira kukonzekera kuzizira kwa nyengo yozizira.
Omwe alimi ambiri amalingalira kuti kuvala zovala zapamwamba pakhungu si koyenera komanso kopanda ntchito, koma ayi sichoncho. Simuyenera kuzinyalanyaza, chifukwa mukapanda kutera, maluwa a peony azikhala ochepa, ndipo masamba adzakhala otuwa komanso osowa.
Zidyetsedwa chiyani?
Maminolo ofunikira ma peonies mu kugwa - makamaka potaziyamu ndi phosphorous
Monga mbewu zina zonse zamaluwa, peonies imafunikira zinthu zofunikira popanga masamba ndi inflorescence:
- potaziyamu
- phosphorous;
- nayitrogeni
Chachilendo chovala zovala zapamwamba kwambiri ndikuti kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa chisanu chotsutsana ndi mbewu, chifukwa chake, maluwa atatha, peonies amangofunika potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Monga chovala chapamwamba, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse iwiri yosakanikirana, yomwe imagulitsidwa m'misika kwa olima, ndi feteleza wachilengedwe.
Kudyetsa malamulo mu kugwa
Malamulo odyetsa peonies m'dzinja nthawi yake amadalira msinkhu wawo ndi nyengo yam'maderawo. Tchire lokha lomwe lofika zaka zitatu likufunika kudyetsedwa. Zomera zazing'ono sizikufuna feteleza, ndipo zotsatira za njirayi zitha kukhala zosiyana. Okhwima okhwima, m'malo mwake, amafunikira kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi, ndipo maluwa okulirapo, amafunikira michere yambiri.
Nthawi yokwanira kudyetsa ndiyambira hafu yachiwiri ya Seputembala mpaka theka loyamba la Okutobala, koma ntchitoyo iyenera kuchitidwa mwanjira yoti iwalitse miyezi 1-1.5 miyezi isanakwane chisanu choyamba. Mtundu wa feteleza umatengera momwe nthaka ndi nyengo ilili:
- dothi lamchenga komanso lakutha, mchere wambiri ungapangitse kukula kwa maluwa, chifukwa chake, kuphatikiza umuna umachitika kawiri kawiri ndi masabata awiri;
- kwa dothi lamchere ndi pang'ono acid, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito superphosphate, yomwe imathandizira kuti pakhale mawonekedwe okongola, opaka inflorescence ndikuwongolera mawonekedwe apadziko lapansi;
- feteleza wachilengedwe wa potaziyamu-phosphorous ndioyenera dothi lililonse - ali ndi zovuta zonse za michere ndipo amakwanitsa nthaka ndi iwo.
Mu nyengo youma, kuvala pamwamba kumayikidwa mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi, ndipo pakakhala kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa mpweya, zosakaniza zowuma (zopukutira) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito - feteleza amadzimadzi amangotsukidwa ndi madzi ndipo sizingathandize mbewu.
Kodi kudyetsa mitengo peonies m'dzinja
Mawonekedwe a feteleza ntchito zimadalira mtundu wawo - kusintha mlingo ndi malingaliro oyenera kudyetsa mbewu pawokha osavomerezeka, chifukwa izi zitha kuchititsa zotsatirapo zina ndikuwonongeka kwa tchire.
Feteleza
Popewa kuwotchedwa, manyowa pamtengowo mosamala kwambiri
Kodi ndingadyetse bwanji peonies mu kugwa? Choyamba, ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphate, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito panthaka youma komanso madzi. Mwanjira yoyamba, kulumikizana kwa machitidwe ndi motere.
- Kumbani masamba ang'onoang'ono mozungulira tchire masentimita 6, kenako ndikunyowetsani nthaka.
- Ku tchire lirilonse, tengani 20 g wa phosphorous ndi 15 g wa potaziyamu, kuwaza feteleza, kupewa msanganizo womwe ungayambike pakakhosi panu pazomera, mwina atha kuwotcha.
- Thirani dothi kachiwiri kuti mphete zisungunuke bwino.
Pothira madzi, potaziyamu ndi phosphate ziyenera kusungunuka mumtsuko wamadzi otetezedwa kale mu kutentha kwa firiji, kenako kuthira tchire ndi yankho. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa multicomponent - superphosphate, potaziyamu sulfate, Kemira-Kombi kapena Kemira-Osen. Nthawi zambiri, amagulitsidwa monga mapiritsi, mulingo woyenera ndi piritsi limodzi pamadzi, amamwetsedwa chimodzimodzi monga osakaniza a potaziyamu-phosphorous mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi.
Kodi ndifunika feteleza wachilengedwe kuti ndikonzekere nthawi yozizira
Ma feteleza achilengedwe, kapena zachilengedwe zimalumikizana bwino ndi dothi ndikuzikwaniritsa ndi zinthu zonse zofunikira, kotero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudyetsa peonies pakugwa. Nthawi zambiri, manyowa a ng'ombe, ndowe za mbalame, peat amatengedwa pazifukwa izi.
Mullein, dontho la nkhuku ndi superphosphate
Mukadyetsa mbewu zizisintha feteleza zachilengedwe ndi zina zowonjezera mchere
Kuyambira ndowe za mullein ndi mbalame kuphatikiza feteleza wama mineral, mutha kukonzekera zosakaniza zopatsa thanzi zomwe zingathandize kuti maluwa azaka zam'munda wotsatira azikhala bwino.
- Lowetsani mullein watsopano mu mbiya pamlingo 1 wa ndowa pa ndowa zisanu zamadzi (ngati zitosi za mbalame zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chovala pamwamba, muyenera kutenga chidebe cha zinyalala 25 zamadzi).
- Ikani zosakanikiranazo padzuwa kwa milungu iwiri, kuti zitheke bwino.
- Onjezani 500 g phulusa ndi 200 g ya superphosphate ku yankho la thovu.
- Pomwepo feteleza asanagwiritse ntchito, osakaniza ayenera kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi - mukamagwiritsa ntchito manyowa, gawo limodzi la michere liyenera kumwedwa m'magawo awiri a madzi, ngati mbewuzo zikadyetsedwa ndi zitosi za mbalame, magawo ake ndi 1 mpaka 3.
Mukamadyetsa mbewu ndi manyowa ndi mbalame, malamulo omwewo akuyenera kuwonedwa monga momwe amachitira feteleza am'mimbayi - samalani bwino tchire kuti kusakanikirana kusakhale pamakutu a maluwa.
Kompositi ndi peat
Kompositi ndi feteleza wina wachilengedwe yemwe ndi woyenera kudyetsa ma peonies. Pakukonzekera kwake, amatenga zinyalala zilizonse zachilengedwe - masamba owuma, nthambi ndi udzu, mbewu zaudzu, masamba a masamba omwe amasiya kuti avunde mu dzenje lapadera. Kusintha manyowa a kompositi, zinyalala, peat kapena humus zitha kuwonjezeredwa kwa icho, kusinthana zigawo pakati pa wina ndi mnzake.
Kudyetsa peonies ndi kompositi, tchire limakutidwa ndi woonda wothira feteleza wosakanizika ndi nthaka, kenako mbewuzo zimathiriridwa - kompositi singatumikire ngati feteleza, komanso kuteteza mizu ku chisanu. Kuyambira pamwambapa, mutha kuwonjezera mulch pobzala ndi udzu, udzu kapena masamba owuma.
Rye mkate
Chimodzi mwazomwe wowerengeka azitsamba podyetsa peonies ndi mkate wa rye
Ngakhale kuti mkate wa rye ndi imodzi mwazomwe anthu akuthira feteleza, umapereka zotsatira zabwino ndipo sufuna ndalama zambiri.
- Tengani mtanda wa mkate wa rye kapena pafupifupi 500 g aminyewa omwe atsalira mukatha kudya.
- Thirani mkate ndi madzi ozizira ndikusiya kwa maola 12 kuti atupire bwino.
- Sungunulani pang'onopang'ono mu chidebe chamadzi otentha, kenako tsanulirani mbewuzo pang'onopang'ono malita osakaniza pachitsamba chilichonse.
Chovala cha rye mkate chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi feteleza wa mineral, kuyang'ana nthawi yomwe magwiridwe antchito, kuti asayambitse kulepheretsa kukula ndi maluwa a peonies.
Feteleza ena
Kuphatikiza pazosakanikirana pamwambapa, kudyetsa peonies, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito malo ena ogulitsira kapena feteleza wachilengedwe, ndikuwona kuyanganira kwa njirayi.
- Phulusa. Phulusa limayikidwa m'nthaka pamiyeso ya 0,5 makapu pa sikweya mita imodzi - amathiriridwa mozungulira mbewuzo, ndikuthiriridwa ndikuthiridwa ndi udzu kapena udzu. Mafuta a mafupa amatha kuwonjezeredwa ndi phulusa la nkhuni motalikirana ndi 1 mpaka 1 - izi zimakhala ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous yoyenera kubzala.
- Peat. Peat yamahatchi imalimbikitsidwa kuti peonies, makamaka ngati maluwawo amakula pamtunda wamchenga. Ndondomeko ikuchitika zaka 4-5 zilizonse - peat imayikidwa mozungulira tchire, ndikuwona njira iyi: chidebe pa lalikulu mita.
- Vermicompost. Biohumus ndi feteleza wogwira bwino kwambiri yemwe amapangidwa ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa nyongolotsi za pansi. Mlingowu ndi 6 kg pa lalikulu mita, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wotere kumathandiza kuti nthaka ikhale yabwino.
- Siderata. Siderata ndi mbewu zomwe sizigwirizana ndi kutentha kochepa, zomwe zimagwira ngati feteleza komanso chitetezo cha maluwa otaya - mpiru, oats, rye, tirigu. M'dzinja, amadzalidwa pakati pa tchire, ndipo mchilimwe amakwiriridwa m'nthaka mothandizidwa ndi wodulira ndege - omwe amawonda amawoloka ndikukhala chakudya chabwino chomera.
- Okonzeka zopangidwa ngati feteleza. Feteleza Wachilengedwe, monga Baikal, Biomaster, Agroprirost, amagulitsidwa m'misika yogulitsa maluwa. Ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso kudyetsa bwino mbeu, zomwe zimawoneka kwambiri pamadothi okhala ndi chonde chadothi, dothi komanso louma. Mlingo ndi malamulo opangira zosakanikirana akuwonetsedwa mu malangizo okonzekera.
Kanema: momwe mungadyetsere peonies pakugwa
Mavalidwe apamwamba pamtunda wa peonies ndi njira yothandiza yomwe sayenera kunyalanyazidwa. Zomera zomwe zimalandira chisamaliro chokwanira komanso chisamaliro sizidzapatsa mphoto kwa eni ake okhala ndi maluwa ambiri komanso opusa.
