Cactus hymnocalicium yosadziwika: mitundu, kubereka ndi kusamalira pakhomo

Gymnocalycium ndi ya banja la Cactus. Mu vivo, imakula kumwera kwa Brazil ndi Argentina. Pali mitundu yambiri ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana, koma ndi ochepa okha omwe ndi oyenera kukula pakhomo. Cactus ndi wotchuka osati kokha chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake okongola, komanso chifukwa cha kusasamala kwawo posamalira. Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kuphuka ngakhale panthawi yoyipa.

Mitundu ndi mitundu

Gymnocalycium ndi mbewu yosatha yopanda tsinde komanso mizu yozungulira yomwe imalowera munthaka. Pali mitundu yopitilira 80 ya cactus, koma ndi 15 okha omwe ndioyenera kukula pakhomo.

Mitundu ndi mitundu yotsatirayi ndiyodziwika bwino ndi omwe amalima maluwa:

• Gimnokalitsium Mikhanovich.

Mtundu uwu ndi umodzi wofala kwambiri. Cactus amawonetsedwa ndi maluwa ake akuluakulu a rasipiberi kapena saladi pinki, omwe amapangidwa kumtunda kwa tsinde.

• Brazil Kusakaniza.

Bokosi laling'ono ili, lomwe limafikira kutalika masentimita 15, ndi mtundu wa nyimbo ya Mikhanovich. Maluwa a mbewuyi ndi ofiira, achikaso ndi malalanje.

• Gymnocalycium balda, kapena Baldianum.

Cactus wozungulira uyu ndi tsinde lamtundu wobiriwira mulifupi mwake osaposa masentimita 9. Pakati pa maluwa, ali ndi maluwa ambiri oyera oyera, oyera kapena oyera.

• Fryrich Gymnocalycium.

Cacti yamtunduwu imadziwika chifukwa chakuti ali ndi chlorophyll kocheperako. Maluwa omwe ali nawo adalipentedwa ndi lilac kapena bulauni.

• Gymnocalycium Japanese.

Zomera zoterezi ndi zamtundu wa Friedrich hymnocalicium ndipo zimapezeka chifukwa chodutsa cacti.

• Gymnocalycium saglionis, kapena Salon.

Zosiyanasiyana zimasiyana ndi maluwa ena akutali, omwe amayamba masika ndikupitilira mpaka m'dzinja. Nthawi imeneyi, maluwa apinki, achikasu kapena ofiira amawoneka kumtunda kwa nkhadze.

• Gymnocalycium Salio.

Mtunduwu ndi umodzi wawukulu kwambiri, chifukwa umakula mpaka masentimita 30. Salos imasiyanitsidwa ndi tsinde loyambira ndi zomangira zazitali, zomwe zimawoneka ngati zokongoletsera.

Tikufika

Kuti mubzale cactus, muyenera kugula poto waung'ono wopangidwa ndi pulasitiki kapena ceramic. Iyenera kukhala ndi mabowo okwanira. Zotengera zazikulu za hymnocalycium sizoyenera, chifukwa mtengowo umafunikira kumva mizu ya khoma la mphika.

Nthaka ikhoza kukonzedwa palokha ndikuphatikiza izi:

• Magawo atatu a pepala ndi mchenga;
• Magawo awiri a dothi louma ndi peat;
• 1 mbali yodulidwa.

Nthaka ya hymnocalicium iyenera kukhala yosalowerera kapena pang'ono zamchere, popeza nthaka yaconic ya cactus siyigwirizana.

Zoyala zopangidwa kale za cacti zitha kugulidwa ku malo ogulitsa maluwa. Asanabzala, ndikofunikira kuyika pansi pa mphika ndikangodzaza dothi.

Zopezeka: nthawi ya tebulo

Gymnocalycium ndi ya zomera zosalemera, koma ngakhale chifukwa chake muyenera kupanga zinthu zochepa zomwe zimasiyana malinga ndi nthawi ya chaka.

Pokhala chinyezi, hymnocalycium ndi yosatsika kwenikweni. Zomera zimalekerera bwino mpweya ndipo sufunika kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Kunyumba, nkhadze imayenera kutetezedwa ku zojambula, zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwake.

Chisamaliro

Kusamalira hymnocalycium yanyumba nthawi zonse kumakhala motere:

• kuthirira koyenera;
• kupatsidwa nthawi yake;
• ntchito feteleza.

Kudulira kumangofunika kuti uboole ndi chlorophyll wopanda cacti, yemwe amayenera kumanikizidwa kumtundu wozungulira wozungulira wa mitundu ina ya nyimbo.

Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa

Kutsirira kuyenera kuchepa. Ndikofunika kuti inyowetse nthaka ngati dothi lake louma. Pofika nthawi yophukira, pafupipafupi kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa. M'nyengo yozizira, ndikokwanira nthawi 1-2 pamnyengo yonseyi kuti inyowetse nthaka.

Madzi okuthirira a cactus amayenera kusefedwa ndi kutentha. Ndikofunika kuti pang'ono acidite ndi mandimu.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa hymnocalicium osati kangapo pamwezi. Monga feteleza, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza ndi asafe ochepa okhala ndi cacti ndi ma suppulents. Poterepa, kuphatikiza umuna uyenera kukhala hafu ya zomwe zikusonyezedwa malangizo. M'nyengo yozizira ndi yophukira, kuphatikiza mbewuyo sikofunikira.

Katemera

Njira yodulira khosi imatchedwa kulumikiza. Nthawi imeneyi, pamwamba pa hymnocalycium yodwala imadulidwa ndikugulitsidwa kuti ikhale yabwino. Nthawi yomweyo, gawo la chomera lomwe limayenera kumanikizidwa limatchedwa kulumikizidwa, ndipo nkhongoyi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito yolumikiza imatchedwa stock.

Panthawi yomwe mufunika:

1. Tengani mpeni wakuthwa ndi kuwuyeretsa.
2. Pangani mabala anu pamatangadza ndi ma scion ndikuwalumikiza.
3. Sinthani cactus pamenepa ndi bandeji.
4. Chotsani mbewuzo zitakula limodzi (patatha masiku pafupifupi 5-7).

Thirani

The hymnocalicium sikufuna kupatsidwa pafupipafupi. Mitundu ya achikulire imalimbikitsidwa kuti isinthanenso kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Ndikofunika kuchita njirayi mu April. Mphika watsopano uyenera kukhala wa 2cm mulifupi kuposa wam'mbuyomu.

Thirani ndikuchitika motere:

1. Cactus amachotsedwa mumphika ndikutsukidwa dothi lakale.
2. Chomera chimatsukidwa m'madzi otentha ndikuwuma kwa masiku awiri.
3. Nyimbo ya hymnocalicium imasinthidwa kukhala chidebe chatsopano chokhala ndi chosungira madzi.
4. Miphika imadzaza ndi gawo lapansi la cacti.

Pambuyo pakuyika, hymnocalicium siyikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira kwa sabata limodzi.

Njira zolerera

Duwa lingafalitsidwe m'njira ziwiri:

• ndi mbewu;
• kuyika pambuyo.

Njira yoyamba imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Mitundu yopanda mankhwala a Chlorophyll imafalitsidwa ndi katemera. Koma ngati mukudulira mbewu yodwala ndikumalumikizidwa ku mtundu woyenera, ndiye kuti poti ikulowetsedwe komanso khungu lonse liyenera kukhala bwino. Njira zotsalazo zimachitidwa chimodzimodzi ndikudulira.

Kufesa mbewu

Kufesa mbewu zitha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Choyamba muyenera kukonza poto wosaya ndi gawo lapansi lokhazikika. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyambe kupaka dothi mu uvuni kuti muchotse mankhwala. Kenako muyenera kudzaza dothi mumphika wosankhika ndikumunyowetsa.

Kuberekanso mbewu kumachitika motere:

1. Bzalani mbeu pamwamba panthaka.
2. Phimbani ndi filimu kapena thumba la pulasitiki.
3. Pukuta dothi lamtopola kuchokera ku botolo lothirira kapena kuthirira chifukwa chomatula.

Mchipindacho muyenera kupanga malo abwino kuti kumere kwa nthangala, kuti, ukhale kutentha mkati mwa + 18 ... 20 ° C ndikupatsanso malo owalako. Mbande zomwe zimakula pambewu zimamera msanga, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi ziyenera kuziika m'miphika.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mbali

Njira zamtsogolo

Zigawo zoyambira zimatchedwa ana. Ayenera kuchotsedwa pamimba ya mayi potembenukira pang'ono. Ana amapatukana mosavuta, chifukwa pafupifupi alibe mizu yawoyawo. Nthawi zina pamakhala mizu yomwe imalumikizana ndi nthangala yayikulu, ndipo pankhani iyi, mizu ya ana iyenera kufufutidwa mosamala. Kenako amachita mogwirizana ndi malingaliro otsatirawa:

1. Pukuta njira zopatukana kwa masiku awiri.
2. Dzazani miphika ndi gawo lapansi ndikumunyowetsa.
3. Ikani ana mumbale zomwe zakonzedwa.

Mphukira imazika msanga mokwanira. Muyenera kuti muziwasamalira chimodzimodzi ndi hymnocalycium yachikulire.

Mavuto okula

Mavuto mu kukula kwa hymnalicium mu malo mchipinda kumachitika pamene chomera sichisamaliridwa bwino. Nthawi zambiri, olima maluwa amakumana ndi mavuto awa:

Ngati maziko a cactus adachita khungu, koma amakhalabe ouma komanso osavuta kukhudza, izi zimawonetsa kuyambika kwa ndondomeko. Pankhaniyi, palibe njira zapadera zofunika kuzitsatira.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Monga lamulo, tizirombo timakhala m'nthaka kapena kusunthira ku ma cactus ochokera ku mbewu zina zamkati. Nthawi zambiri, tiziromboti zotsatirazi zimayimbira hymnocalicium:

Tizilombo	Zizindikiro za matenda	Momwe mungathetsere vutoli	Mawonekedwe pazithunzi za cacti
Mafunso ofiira ofiira	Maonekedwe a malo owuma dzimbiri	Ngati nyumbayo ilibe 2 cacti, ndiye kuti mbewu iliyonse yomwe yakhudzidwa ndiyenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi otentha komanso thonje lothonjetsedwa ndi mowa wa ethyl. Ngati chopereka cha hymnocalyciums ndichachikulu, ndiye kuti odwala othandizira ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi acaricides (Actellik, Fitoverm)
Mealybug	Kukula kwakula; kusowa kwa maluwa; maonekedwe oyera	Chotsani hymnocalycium mu mphika ndikuigwira kwa mphindi 15 pansi pamadzi otentha. Ngati zolengeza zoyera zitapangidwa pamitengo, ndiye kuti muyenera kutsuka chomera chonse, osati mizu yokha. Ngati malo osamba sathandiza, ndiye kuti nkhomaliro imafufutidwa sabata iliyonse ndi kachilombo (Aktara)
Chotchinga	Kapangidwe ka timiyala tating'ono tofiirira	Chotsani nkhanambo ndi nsalu yonyowa. Ndiye ndikofunika kuchitira nkhadze ndi mankhwala okonzekeretsa

Ponena za matenda, nthawi zambiri hymnocalycium imakhala ndi zowola za mizu, zomwe zimachitika ndikuthilira kwambiri. Zizindikiro za matendawa ndi kukula kwodabwitsika komanso kusowa kwa maluwa. Vutoli limathetsedwa motere:

1. Mizu yovulazidwa imakonzedwa ndi chida chosabala (mpeni, lumo).
2. Dongosolo lamizu limatsukidwa ndi madzi otentha.
3. Mizu imakonzedwa ndi malasha kapena phulusa.
4. Gymnocalycium imawuma ndikuziika mumphika wodzaza ndi gawo lothira madzi.

Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, hymnocalycium idzasangalatsa wamaluwa ndi maluwa ake ndipo imakhala chokongoletsera chabwino kwambiri chamkati chilichonse. Kukula chomera sikutanthauza maluso apadera ndipo ngakhale woyambitsa atha kuthana ndi izi mosavuta.