Mukamasankha mtundu wa rasipiberi wa wofiyira, wolima m'munda aliyense amayang'ana zofuna zake: wina amafuna chomera chosakhazikika, chinzake chodzala kwambiri, chachitatu chimakhala chosagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu. Rasipiberi Phenomenon samangophatikiza mikhalidwe yonseyi, komanso maubwino ena angapo ndipo ndiwofunikira pakukula pafupifupi nyengo iliyonse.
Mbiri ya Kulima kwa Phenomenon
Raspberry Phenomenon adawonekera mu 1991 chifukwa cha ntchito ya obereketsa malo oyesera a Krasnokutsk (Ukraine), kudutsa mitundu Stolichnaya ndi Odarka. Wolemba mitunduyi ndi G.K. Woumba
Chifukwa chokana kwambiri kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zikukula, chodalitsachi chatchuka pakati pa olima osati ku Ukraine kokha, komanso ku Russia ndi Belarus. Zosiyanasiyana izi sizinalembebebebe ku State Register of Kuswana Zokwaniritsa.
Rasipiberi osiyanasiyana Phenomenon - kanema
Kufotokozera zamasamba osiyanasiyana Phenomenon
Zosiyanasiyana Zapakati ndi nyengo yapakatikati. Tchire lofalikira limafalikira mamita 2.5-2.7. Zime zake ndizakutidwa ndi minga zazing'onoting'ono. Masamba a maluwa amaphulika kumapeto kwa Epulo.
Phula wa rasipiberi - kanema
Chomera chilichonse chimapanga malo angapo olimira ndi mphukira. Chowoneka mosiyana ndi mitunduyo ndi kuthekera kwa mphukira kusintha mtundu: Mphukira zazing'ono za chaka chino ndizobiriwira ndi utoto wofiirira, mphukira zazaka ziwiri zimakhala zofiirira, zikusintha chikasu pofika nthawi yophukira.
Pakupanga zipatso, zitsamba zazikulu rasipiberi zimangokolola
Okonda ambiri amatenga Phenomenon kuti ikonze mitundu yosiyanasiyana, pomwe rasipiberiyu amatamera pamizu yotsalira atadulira, ndikupatsanso mbewu yachiwiri nthawi yakugwa. Zowona, mbewu yachiwiri ya zinthuzi imangopezeka kumapeto kwa mphukira ndipo ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kukula kwake.
Zipatsozi zimapangidwa zikuluzikulu (pafupifupi kulemera kwa 4.5-5 g, mpaka mpaka 8-9 g), mawonekedwe ofanana (ozungulira chaka choyamba). Kukucha kumayamba mu theka lachiwiri la Juni. Chipatsochi chimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri, osati yomatirana.
Masamba ofiira ofiira owala amakhala osangalatsa kwambiri.
Khungu la matte ndi lofiira kwambiri, mnofu wake umakhala wowubala, koma m'malo owonda, kukoma kwake kumakhala kokoma ndi acidity pang'ono, fungo lamphamvu ndi losangalatsa. Zomwe zili ndi shuga ndi 6.7%, ma acid - 2%, vitamini C - 44.7%.
Zipatso zimachokera kwa wowuma.
Phenomenon wamitundu yosiyanasiyana
Mutha kudziwika ngati rasipiberi. Chizindikirochi chitha kuphunziridwa ndikuphunzira zabwino ndi zovuta zake.
Ubwino wa Gawo:
- zokolola zambiri (6-8 kg kuchokera pachitsamba chilichonse);
- kucha zipatso ndi kusowa zipatso;
- kutentha kwambiri yozizira - tchire safuna pogona ngakhale nyengo yozizira kwambiri;
- kuzindikira kwa kukula m'mikhalidwe yomwe ikukula;
- kulekerera kwachilala kwabwino, ndikuwonetsetsa kuthirira kokwanira, mbewu zimalekerera kutentha kwakukulu, zipatso siziphika padzuwa;
- kukana matenda a virus ndi fungal, osakhudzidwa ndi ndulu;
- kulawa kwabwino komanso kusunthika kwa zipatso.
Kuperewera kwa raspulosi Chochitika ichi chimawerengedwa ngati kukoma wamba kwa zipatso ndi kusinthasintha kwamphamvu kwa kukoma malinga ndi zomwe zili mumchere ndi humus m'nthaka.
Mwambiri, mitundu yosiyanasiyana imatha kutchedwa "phenomenal", kupatula mphamvu zodabwitsa.
Malamulo okhathamira ndi chisamaliro
Chinsinsi cha kukolola bwino ndikudzala koyenera.
Kumene ndi momwe mungabzalare raspberries
Zabwino koposa zonse, rasipiberi amakula ndi kubereka zipatso ndi dzuwa lokwanira, motero muyenera kuwubzala kumwera kapena kumwera chakum'mawa kwa tsambalo. Madzi ozizira sayenera kukhala pafupi ndi 1.5 m kuchokera padziko lapansi - chifukwa chachilengedwe chake chokonda chinyezi, raspberries samalekerera madzi kusayenda.
Rabulosi obzalidwa. Phenomenon mu kasupe ndi yophukira. Masika amatenga nthawi yabwino kubzala, popeza mbande zimakhala ndi nthawi yambiri yozika mizu ndi kuyamba nyengo yachisanu isanayambe.
Mtundu wabwino kwambiri wa dothi la raspberries ndi dothi lonyowa lomwe limadutsa mpweya ndi madzi bwino. Zomwe nthaka zimachita ndizosafunikira kapena pang'ono acidic (pH 5.8-6.7). Kuchuluka kwa michere kumafunika.
Dothi louma limakhala ndi mpweya wochepa ndipo mizu ya rasipiberi imatha kuvunda. Pankhaniyi, ndikwabwino kukonzekera bedi lalitali kuchokera ku dothi lochulukirapo la mbewu. Ma raspiberi amafunika kuti abzalidwe pamiyala yokumbira ndi madzi oyandikira pansi ndi m'malo okhala ndi mvula yambiri. Mosiyana ndi izi, madera okhala ndi dothi louma kwambiri, kubzala kuyenera kuchitidwa mu mizere.
Ngati dothi patsambalo silikhala lachonde lokwanira, ndikofunikira kukonzekera bwino. Kukonzekera kubzala kusanachitike kumachitika mu nthawi ya masika ndi nthawi yophukira, ndipo kumaphatikizanso kukumba dothi, kuchotsera namsongole, ndikukhazikika pamtunda ndikuyambitsa michere. Pa lalikulu lililonse la rasipiberi amtsogolo, ndikofunikira kupanga makilogalamu 7-8 a kompositi ndikuphatikiza ndi 0,5 makilogalamu a superphosphate ndi 50 g amchere wa potaziyamu. Feteleza zimamizidwa munthaka mpaka pakuya kwa chofunda.
Mu malo amodzi, rasipiberi amatha kusungidwa kwa zaka 8-10. Munthawi imeneyi, zimatenga michere yambiri kuchokera m'nthaka (nthawi 5 kuposa jamu). Chifukwa chake, popanda kuphatikiza koyambirira ndi feteleza, nthakayo imathothoka, ngakhale umuna utayikidwa.
Zinthu zodzala zitha kugulidwa (nthawi yomweyo samalani ndi kakulidwe ka mizu, kusapezeka kwa zowola kapena matenda pamizu ndi thunthu) kapena pezani nokha. Zodabwitsazi zimapereka mphukira yayikulu, motero kukolola mbande sikovuta. Muyenera kusankha ana amphamvu kwambiri, mwakumba mosamala ndikuwasiyanitsani ndi chitsamba limodzi ndi mizu ndi dothi lapansi. Mukabisa ana oterowo, muyenera kuwasamalira ndikuwasamalira pafupipafupi, kufikira mutha kuzika mizu.
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira ina - kubereka mwa kuyala. Kuti muchite izi, imodzi mwa mapesi a raspiberi imaweramitsidwa pansi, idula zingapo, ndikuyala poyimitsa (5-6 cm) ndikukutidwa ndi lapansi. Malinga ngati dothi lanyowetsedwa bwino, kukumba kumeneku kudzazika mizu posachedwa.
Kufalikira kwa rasipiberi mwa zigawo - video
Pobzala rasipiberi, maenje a 0,4 x 0,4 m kapena maenje a mulifupi ndi kuzama amakonzedwa. Amayambitsa dothi losakanikirana ndi feteleza pamlingo wa 4-5 makilogalamu a humus, 150-200 g wa superphosphate ndi 100 g la phulusa pachomera chilichonse. Zosakaniza ndi micherezo zimakonkhedwa ndi dothi loyera.
Musanabzala, rasipiberi mmera kudula mpaka 30-30 cm, ndikofunikira kuchotsa masamba.
Mtunda pakati pa mbewu zoyandikana uyenera kusungidwa mkati mwa 60-80 cm, pakati pa mizere - 1.5 - 2 m.
Mbande imakhazikitsidwa m'makonzedwe atakonzedwa, mutatha kuwongola mizu, ndikufundidwa ndi dothi. Popeza tapanga dothi mozungulira tsinde, chitsamba chilichonse chimathiriridwa ndi malita 10 a madzi. Nthaka iyenera kukumbulidwa ndi peat kapena humus.
Wolemba mobwerezabwereza adadzala ma raspon ndi kuchita bwino mu ngalande yaying'ono yotalika ma 1.5 bayonet spades komanso m'lifupi mwake 1 bayonet. Dothi lakuya kwambiri lotalika masentimita 808 lakhazikitsidwa pansi pa ngalandeyo. Mmbali mwa ngalawo umayikidwa ndi chitsulo kapena chitsulo chazitsulo - izi zimalepheretsa rasipiberi kuti asafalikire pa rasipiberi. Pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse, mutha kuthira theka chidebe cha kompositi, ndikuthiririra bwino. Ndi njira yobzala iyi, ma rasipiberi amalandiridwa bwino ndikukula mwachangu.
Kubzala rasipiberi pavidiyo
Momwe mungasamalire raspberries
Phenomenon wa rasipiberi ndi wonyoza ndipo safuna chisamaliro chapadera. Tchire limatha kunyamula zipatso zambiri, koma zimayambira zimakutidwa ndikufunika kumangidwa. Kusankha kophweka ndikukhazikitsa ma trellises okhala ndi kutalika kokwanira mpaka 2 m.
Njira yosavuta kwambiri yopangira raspberries ndi trellis imodzi
Tchire limapereka zipatso zambiri, ngati simulola kuti zifike, koma uzikakamiza kunthambi. Kuti muchite izi, mbewu zikafika pamtunda wa 1.1-1.2 m, tsinani pamwamba. Simungathe kudulira kwa chilimwe kwa mphukira - izi zimachepetsa lochuluka.
M'madera ofunda, Rasipiberi Phenomenon nthawi zina amawonetsa zizindikilo zakunyumba, ndikupanga yophukira yachiwiri mbewu (yaying'ono) kumapeto kwa mphukira zazing'ono. Ngati zipatsozo aloledwa kucha, ndiye kuti chaka chamawa izi mphukira siziberekanso zipatso. Chifukwa chake, sikulimbikitsidwa kulola zipatso za m'dzinja - maluwa ayenera kudulidwa.
Rasipiberi kukula Phenomenon - kanema
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
Rasiperi Chinsinsi chake sichimalimbana ndi chilala, koma kuthirira sikuyenera kunyalanyazidwa kuti mbewu zikule bwino. Kutsirira koyamba kumachitika maluwa asanadutse (zaka khumi zapitazi za Epulo), ngati kuli mvula pang'ono nthawi imeneyi. Kenako pakufunika chinyezi pakapangidwa thumba losunga mazira ndi kututa. Madzi pamlingo wa malita 10-20 a madzi pachomera chimodzi amathiriridwa m'malo okuthirira kapena m'maenje okumba pafupi ndi chitsamba (pamtunda wa 0,4-0,5 m kuchokera pansi). Ngati dothi mu rasipiberi wakusefukira kwambiri, zowola zimayamba. Chabwino kwambiri ndi kuthirira.
Kuchokera zaka khumi zapitazi za Ogasiti, kuthirira nthawi zambiri kumayimitsidwa, koma nthawi yotentha komanso yopumira, madzi amayenera kuperekedwa mpaka kumapeto kwa Okutobala.
Musanayambe maluwa ndi mutakolola raspberries amathiridwe madzi ndikumwaza
Kuchokera feteleza Chodabwitsa chake chimayankha bwino ku mankhwala a nayitrogeni. Feteleza kumachitika katatu pachaka - kumayambiriro kwa masika (atatha kuthothola nthaka), kumayambiriro kwamaluwa ndi kumapeto kwa mabulosi kututa. Kuyambitsa michere kuzungulira tchire, kukumba poyambira masentimita 15 mpaka 20, kutsanulira carbamide kapena ammonium nitrate mmenemo (10 g / m2) Kuti muchepetse feteleza, muyenera kuthirira mbewu zochuluka (malita 10-20 a madzi), kenako ndikatseka poyambira ndikubzala pamwamba ndi udzu.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa rasipiberi pavidiyo
M'dzinja, rasipiberi amakonzekera nthawi yozizira. Popeza kutentha kwambiri kwa nyengo yozizira kwa Phenomenon, sikofunikira kuti kuphimba. Zomwe zimafunika ndikudula masamba amphukira kuti azitseguka pansi.
Kuteteza Chidziwitso ku Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Mwambiri, mitundu ya Phenomenon imakhala ndi kukana bwino kumatenda ndi tizirombo. Komabe, ndizotheka kuwononga tchire ndi tchire lalifupi, khansa ya mabakiteriya, zowola imvi.
Kuwala kosasunthika kumakondweretsedwa ndi kachilomboka ndikudziwonetsa pang'onopang'ono pakugawana mbewu, kuwoneka kwa mizu yambiri yopyapyala komanso yofooka yokhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, komanso kuchepa kwa zipatso. Ndikosatheka kuchiritsa zitsamba zomwe zakhudzidwa - ziyenera kuwonongeka posachedwa. Njira yokhayo yolepheretsa ndi kupeza mbewu yabwino, yoyesedwa bwino.
Ndi khansa ya bakiteriya, kukula kwa mbewu kumachepetsa, zipatsozo zimataya kukoma kwake, "zotupa" zimawonekera pamizu. Popewa matendawa, ndikofunikira kumuika ma raspiberi kumalo atsopano nthawi zonse (zaka 3-4 zilizonse), musanabzike, sankhani mizu ndi 1% yankho la mkuwa wa sulfate. Ngati mbewu zodwala zipezeka, ziyenera kukumbidwa ndikuwotcha, ndikuthira dothi ndi 2%.
Kudulira pafupipafupi, kuchotseredwa kwa nthambi zamatenda komanso chithandizo ndi Tsineb (4 g / l) kapena sulufule wamatumbo (10 g / l) kungathandizire kupewa kutuwa kwa imvi (kuwonetseredwa ngati kuphimba imvi kumaso pam masamba).
Matenda a rasipiberi mu chithunzi
- Gray rot ndi matenda am'mimba omwe amakhudza mbali zonse za mbewu.
- Ndi khansa ya bakiteriya pamizu yake pamakhala kukula kwa masentimita 5
- Zoyala m'chilengedwe - matenda owopsa omwe amatsogolera ku kufa kwa tchire
Mwa tizirombo, rasipiberi amathanso kukhudzidwa ndi kachiromboka, rasipiberi weevil, kangaude. Mutha kuteteza mbeu yanu kwa iwo mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Decis (1 g pachidebe chilichonse cha madzi) ndi Confidor (2 g pachidebe chilichonse cha madzi) amagwiritsidwa ntchito motsutsana ndi kachilomboka, rasipiberi; komanso kutsutsana ndi kangaude - Actellik (1 ml / l) ndi kulowetsedwa kwa adyo (0,15-0.2 makilogalamu a adyo wosweka kwa masiku 5, kunena 1 lita imodzi yamadzi, ndiye gwiritsani ntchito supuni ya 1 ya madzi).
Rasipiberi tizirombo pa kanema
Kututa ndi Kututa
Rasipiberi Phenomenon akuyamba kubereka zipatso kumapeto kwa Juni - koyambirira kwa Julayi. Kututa kochulukirapo (ndiukadaulo woyenera waulimi - mpaka 8 makilogalamu kuchitsamba) kukhola bwino, iwo amakolola m'magawo asanu ndi limodzi ndi asanu ndi limodzi.
Kutalika kwa rasipiberi fruiting Phenomenon - kanema
Zipatso zokoma ndi zamkaka zimakhala ndi cholinga padziko lonse lapansi - ndizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, ndikupanga madzi, vinyo, kupanikizana, kupanikizana.
Ndemanga zamaluwa
Maganizo anga pa Mtundu Wosiyanasiyana: Mitundu iyi ndi yayikulu kwambiri m'dera langa. Ndizosangalatsa kukumba mabulosi akuluakulu, ngakhale kuti sawala bwino. Sindipangana naye
Limoner, dera la Sumy//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3901
Ndilinso ndi mitundu iyi. Inde, ndi yayikulu-yopanda zipatso komanso yokongola, koma fungo limandikumbutsa sopo wa sitiroberi waku Soviet. Choperewera china ndi ma spikes (prickly), ndipo panthaka yanga yachonde imamera kwambiri, kupitirira 1m m'mimba mwake.
VATRA, Krivoy Rog//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3901
Ndilinso ndizosiyanasiyana ndipo ndimakondwera nazo, chifukwa nthawi zonse nyengo imakhala yosiyana kwambiri, monga momwe ziliri ndi Patricia. Nthawi zonse mu April ndi mabulosi.
Julichka, dera la Cherkasy//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3901
Zosiyanasiyana ndi zozizwitsa! Mitundu yambiri yatsopano idzapatsidwa mutu, chinthu chokhacho chomwe sichosokoneza ndichitsamba kuti mugone ndi mbewu, imafunikira kuthandizidwa, ndipo kutolera ndikosangalatsa ....
ligol, Makeevka//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3901
Zodabwitsazi ndizosiyanasiyana za 5+, zipatso zake ndizazikulu, zimatha kuyenda, zimapatsa zambiri kukula.
MarinaF//frauflora.ru/viewtopic.php?t=5829
Ripiberi Chochitika ichi sichitha kusiyanitsidwa ndi kukoma kwake kosangalatsa, koma chifukwa chodalirika, kukolola kwambiri komanso kusachita bwino, ndioyenera dimba lililonse. Kukana kwazizira kumapangitsa kuti mitunduyi ikhale yoyenera kulimidwa ku Ukraine, Russia ndi Belarus.
