Mphesa mdziko lathu zikugonjetsa madera atsopano, kusuntha kumpoto. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuyeserera kwa obereketsa omwe amapanga mitundu yatsopano yomwe imagonjetsedwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyengo. Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zapezeka posachedwa m'minda ya anthu otentha chilimwe ndi mphesa ya Furshetny, yomwe imadziwika ndi zipatso zokongola komanso zokoma, komanso chosasinthika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti izikhala pamalo ozizira.
Mbiri yakulima mphesa mitundu Buffet
Mphesa za Buffet ndi mtundu watsopano wosakanizidwa watsopano womwe umapezeka ku Zaporizhia ndi wochita kutchuka Vitaliy Vladimirovich Zagorulko. Wopanga vinyo amadziwika, choyambirira, chifukwa cha njira yomwe amagwirira ntchito komanso kufunitsa kwake kuti apange mitundu yoyambirira yomwe imapanga zipatso zokongola, zazikulu komanso zokoma zokhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino.
Wophatikiza unayamba kuyenda kudutsa minda ya Ukraine ndi dziko lathu mu 2008. Buffetyi idapezeka podutsa mitundu iwiri yodziwika bwino: Kuban ndi Mphatso Zaporozhye. Ndipo popeza mitundu ya Kuban, nayonso, idachokera ku mitundu Moldova ndi Cardinal, zimapezeka kuti misuzi ya makolo ambiri amayambira ku Buffet ndipo adatenga zabwino kwambiri kuchokera kwa chilichonse. Kuban adampatsa mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa zipatso, ndi Mphatso ya Zaporozhye - zabwino za chitsamba: kulimba ndi kusazindikira.
"Amayi" a Buffet - Kuban mphesa - zidamupatsa mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa zipatso
Zomwe tafotokozazi zimadziwika ndi kucha mwachangu (osaposa miyezi 4), zipatsozo ndi zokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi m'ma August. Okonda amafotokoza kukoma kwa zipatso monga "mwapadera", akatswiri olimbitsa thupi amapatsanso mwayi waukulu.
Popeza mphesa za Buffet (zomwe zimadziwika kuti Buffet Buffet) zidangopangidwa kumene, malingaliro ena ake olimikawa sanamveke bwino, ndipo mbiri yamtunduwu idalembedwa pamaso pathu. Zimatenga nthawi yochulukirapo kuti mufufuze mokwanira kukana kwake matenda osiyanasiyana: pomwe iwo amati ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira. Zosiyanasiyana sizinasunthire kumpoto kwambiri, kotero kuti kutentha kwatchulidwa (mpaka -22) zaC) mwina angasinthidwe.
Kufotokozera zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Buffet
Buffet Buffet ndi chomera champhamvu kwambiri komanso chokhala ndi mizu yolimba bwino. Pachaka, imatha kutulutsa mphukira zatsopano zoposa khumi, chifukwa chomwe chitsamba chopanda kudulira chimatha kukhala chambiri ndipo, ngakhale chili ndi mphamvu zokwanira m'mipesa yonse, mtundu wa mbewu ungavutike, kuphatikizira kuperewera kwa dzuwa. Tchire limakhala ndi nthambi zambiri, masamba ake ndi apamwamba, masamba ndi akulu, utoto wakuda.
Mphamvu ya chitsamba imakupatsani mwayi wopatsa mbewu zambiri, koma amafunika chisamaliro chofunikira
Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, mphesa za Furshetny pachaka zimapereka zokolola zambiri zipatso zabwino kwambiri. Magulu a ma cylindrical-conical mawonekedwe awo, kulemera kwawo kokhazikika kuchokera pa 500 mpaka 800 g, zitsanzo zina ndizokulirapo. Magulu olemera mpaka 2 kg akufotokozedwa. Zipatsozi ndizopota, zazikulu, zofiirira kapena zamtambo wabuluu, zobzalidwa mwamphamvu wina ndi mnzake. Utoto wochokera ku red-violet mpaka mtundu wamtambo wakuda ukamadzuka, ndiye kuti mumtundu umodzi mumatha kukhala zipatso zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kulemera kwa mabulosi aliwonse ndi kochokera pa 8 mpaka 12 g, toyesa amodzi amatha kukula mpaka 20 g. Peel pa zipatso ndi wandiweyani, koma wowonda, sangadye. Izi, komanso khola wokutira wa sera ndi mwayi wosakayikira kutengera kuthekera kwa kutengera mphesa. Kulawa ndi kotsekemera, acid, poyerekeza ndi mitundu yodziwika bwino sikokwanira. Juiciness ndibwino. Mukatha kudya kwakanthawi, kukoma kwa zoumba, zipatso kapena mabulosi kumamveka mkamwa. Zipatso zimasungidwa bwino, sizimaphweka ngakhale m'chilimwe. Koma ziyenera kusungidwa pa nthawi yake: kukhudzika kwambiri kuthengo, kukoma kumachepa pang'ono.
Pamene a Fourchette adapereka zokolola zoyambirira za awa (magulu awiri okha), sitidathamangire kuzitenga, osadziwa zomwe ziyenera kukhala zomalizidwa kwathunthu. Ndipo kukoma kwakeko kumawoneka ngati kwapakati. Koma chaka chamawa adayamba kuyesera pasadakhale. Ndipo zidapezeka kuti zipatso zomwe zimasungidwa nthawi zimakhaladi ndi zotsatira zabwino zakumwa!
Nayi inayi imadziwika kuti ndi yamkatikati mwa chilimwe: Kutengera nyengo yam'derali komanso nyengo yamakono, imatha kudziwika ngati mitundu yoyambirira kapena yakucha. Zimatenga pafupifupi miyezi 4 kuti zipatsozo zipse, koma nthawi yokolola zochuluka, nsonga ya zokolola zake imatha kuchitika mwezi wa September.
Makhalidwe a Furshetny mphesa zosiyanasiyana
Kupereka mafotokozedwe ambiri kwa Furshetny, vinger vinyo ndi ma tasters kumamupatsa zabwino zambiri kuposa zovuta. Ubwino wosatsutsika ukuphatikizapo:
- kwambiri chisanu kukana;
- kuthekera kokula mu zigawo zosiyanasiyana;
- kucha bwino mpesa;
- zochulukitsa zochulukirapo (mpaka 20 kg wazaka zitatu);
- unyinji waukulu wamasango ndi mabulosi aliyense mosiyana;
- mayendedwe a zipatso;
- kukoma kwabwino kwa zipatso zopsa;
- Mosangalatsa kwambiri shelufu yazipatso zamtundu wa chilimwe.
Zoyipa zamitundu mitundu ndizochepa. Pali zinthu ziwiri zovuta kwambiri, koma zomwe mungalimbane nazo mosamala:
- kukana pakati matenda ambiri;
- chizolowezi chokweza zokolola ndipo, monga chotulukapo chake, kusakwanira kwa kucha kwake ndi kuthekera kosapsa mphesa chisanadze.
Asayansi-agrarians amayesa kukana kwa Furshetny ku matenda owopsa monga kape ndi oidium, ndi magawo atatu mwa asanu omwe ndi otheka, omwe amachititsa kuti wosamalira mundawo akhale tcheru komanso akhale ndi njira zamphamvu zolimbana ndi matenda. Koma, monga mukudziwa, ndi bwino kupewa matenda kusiyana ndi kuchiza. Chenjezo limapezeka ndi chisamaliro choyenera. Kusamalira moyenera (makamaka, kudulira m'nthawi yake komanso koyenera) kumathandizanso kutchera chitsamba ndi mbewu.
Kanema: mphesa pachitsamba
Zambiri pobzala komanso kulima mphesa za Furshetny
Mfundo zoyambilira kubzala ndi kubzala tebulo la buffet sizisiyana ndi zomwe mphesa iliyonse imalimidwa; pali zovuta zina zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuthekera kwake kokumbukira.
Kubzala mphesa
Kuti muthe kubzala bwino mphesa m'makomo a chilimwe, pali zinthu zingapo zofunika kudziwa zomwe zikuyenda bwino. Mphesa ndi mbewu yobala zipatso, ndipo ngati mulibe kuwala kwa dzuwa simungathe kupeza zipatso zabwino. Choyimira chachiwiri ndi kufunda: Kukula mwachizolowezi ndi kuphuka kumachitika kutentha osachepera 20 ° C, masamba ambiri mitundu amaundana kuzizira pang'ono, ndipo ngakhale nkhuni zosatha zimafa nthawi yozizira kwambiri ya -25-28 ° C. Mphesa - chomera cholekerera chilala, koma ndi kuthirira koyenera, zokolola zimachulukana kangapo.
Tsiku labwino kubzala mphesa kumadera ambiri ndi kumapeto kwa Epulo. Kuyambukira Autumn ndikothekanso kumwera. Ponena za mitundu ya Furshetny, chifukwa cha kukana kwambiri kwa chisanu, ikhoza kubzalidwa m'madera ambiri ngakhale mu Marichi, kwa miyezi iwiri, kapena kumapeto, mu Okutobala mpaka pakati pa Novembala. M'dzinja lanyundo, mwachidziwikire, muyenera kuukulunga bwino kuti ikhale yozizira.
Mphesa zimamera ponseponse komanso pamalo otsetsereka pang'ono. M'malo otsika komanso m'malo otsetsereka sangathe kuyikidwa chifukwa choopsa cha kuwonongeka kwa masika a masika. Mphesa zimamera panthaka zonse, kupatula madambo okhaokha ndi madera omwe kumapezeka madzi pansi. Pakubzala mphesa mdziko, muyenera kusankha malo otetezedwa ndi mphepo.
Kubzala m'munda kukonzekera m'munda kumakhala kukumba ndi feteleza. Mosiyana ndi mabedi a masamba, mukakumba, simuyenera kuchotsa zidutswa za njerwa, osati miyala yayikulu kwambiri, etc.: mphesa zimamera bwino pamiyala yamiyala. Bzalani mphesa m'maenje. Nthawi zambiri, mabowo amakimbidwa pafupi ndi nyumba zosiyanasiyana. Kukula - osachepera 80 × 80 × 80 cm.Dongosolo labwino lokwanira liyenera kuyikidwa pansi pa dzenje (miyala, njerwa yosweka, ndi zina), osakanikirana bwino a humus, dothi labwino, mchenga ndi feteleza wamaminidwe ayenera kuyikidwa. Koma feteleza ndi wamtsogolo, ndipo amabzala chitsamba m'nthaka chosakanizika ndi kompositi kapena manyowa opukutira bwino (3: 1). Pa dothi lokhazikika kwambiri, mandimu pang'ono amatha kuwonjezedwa.
Mukabzala tchire zingapo, maenje obzala amaphatikizidwa kumiyendo. Ndipo mapaipi amiyala ndi kuthirira amafanana ndi mawonekedwe oopsa a hydraulic
Chitsamba chimabzalidwa mozama, kuti mizu yomwe imamera pomwepo kuchokera chidendene cha mmera usagwedwe ndi kutentha kwamunsi -5 ° C. Ngati tchire zingapo zibzalidwe nthawi imodzi, mtunda woyambira pakati pa mitengo ya mphesa mu mzere uzikhala 1.25 m, koma ma fomu a Fourchette ali ndi mphamvu kwambiri kuti mtunda uwu uzikhala wowirikiza, ndipo ngati kuli kotheka katatu: mpaka 3 kapena kupitirira mamita.
Dothi losakanikirana ndi humus limathiridwa mu dzenje lokonzedwa ndi miyala ndi feteleza kuti mmera, womwe udayikidwa chidendene pa zosakaniza izi, uwoneke pang'ono. Asanabzike, mtengo wolimba umayendetsedwa kuti muvute mpesa womwe ukukulirakulira, komanso chidutswa cha chitoliro cholimba, chomwe zaka zoyambilira 1-2 zimapereka madzi ku mizu. Thirani mtunda pang'ono ndikudzala chitsamba. Njira yodzala ndi nthawi zonse, koma pamapeto pake, impso ziwiri zokha ndi zomwe ziyenera kuwonekera kuchokera kudzenje, ndipo ngakhale zidzakutidwa ndi nthaka, ndikupanga phiri lalitali masentimita atatu pamwamba pa impso yapamwamba.
Kusamalira mphesa
Popeza mudabzala mphesa pa kanyumba, muyenera kuzindikira kuti muyenera kuyang'anira nthawi zonse. Zowona, ntchito zambiri zimafikika kwa woyamba kumene, koma china chake chimayenera kuphunziridwa. Ntchito zazikulu - kuthilira, kuvala pamwamba, kudulira, pogona nthawi yozizira. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika mobera, koma pachaka. Mphesa zimakonda kwambiri potaziyamu, kotero feteleza wa potashi angagwiritsidwe ntchito pazokwanira zovomerezeka, bwino kwambiri ngati phulusa la nkhuni. Mukugwa, feteleza wa organic amagwiritsidwa ntchito, pomwe superphosphate ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa. Chapakatikati, feteleza aliyense amatheka, kuphatikizapo nayitrogeni. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosavuta kupanga zovala zongopopera popopera tchire ndi njira zotithandizira feteleza. Pofuna kuti tisawotche masamba, njirayi imachitika madzulo. Chovala chofunikira kwambiri cha foliar sabata imodzi isanaphuke ndipo mutangochita maluwa, komanso poyambira kucha. Ndikofunika kumwa feteleza wovuta ndi kuwagwiritsa ntchito mosamalitsa mogwirizana ndi malangizo a mankhwalawo.
Tsopano sizovuta kupeza feteleza woyenera, ndizovuta kusankha zoyenera. Ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera komwe kumapangidwira kuvala kwapamwamba.
Nthawi zambiri mavalidwe apamwamba ophatikizidwa pamodzi ndi mankhwalawa amadzimadzi a Bordeaux kuti athane ndi matenda. Njira yabwino kwambiri, kuphatikiza kuvala kwapamwamba ndi kupewa, ndikugwiritsa ntchito phulusa la nkhuni, lomwe limapanikizidwa m'madzi kwa tsiku (phulusa lodzaza ndowa). Matenda akuluakulu a Rec Recence - fungal chiyambi: khansa, anthracnose ndi oidium.
Zofunikira kuthirira zimasiyana madera ndi nyengo. Kuthirira tchire tambiri ndikofunikira, pomwe sanazike mizu mokwanira ndipo sanazike mizu yakuya. Kwa tchire lobala zipatso, kuthirira nthawi zambiri kumafunika maluwa akangotuluka, nthawi yophukira, nyengo yachisanu isanayambe. Zoyenera kuchita chilimwe ndi zidebe 2-3 pachitsamba chilichonse, ndi zina nthawi yachisanu. Komabe, Furshetny, chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kukula ndi kubala zipatso, amafunika madzi ambiri, motero muyenera kukonzekera chifukwa choti mu dzinja louma mudzamwa kwambiri. Popanda chinyezi chokwanira, zipatso zake sizikhala zowoneka bwino pamene zimakula bwino. Komabe, madzi ochulukirapo angayambitse kukula kwakukulu kwa mphukira, kucha kuperewera, kukoma kwa zipatso kumakhala koipa. Zomwe sizingatheke ndikuthirira mphesa musanayambe maluwa kapena mkati mwake: maluwa adzatota, padzakhala zipatso zochepa. Kuthirira ndikofunikira pakutsitsa zipatso, koma ziyenera kuyimitsidwa mwezi umodzi tisanakolole.
Woyenereratu kwambiri m'munda wonse wampesa ndikudulira: simuphunzira kudulira mpesa nthawi yomweyo, koma popanda iwo sikudzakhala zokolola zabwino. Kudulira ndikulowererapo komwe kumafunikira luso komanso luso. Mpaka pomwe chiyambi cha zipatso, tchire zimadulidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika, chisanachitike mphukira, ndipo patatha zaka zinayi - kokha mu kugwa. Buffet nthawi zambiri imapangidwa molingana ndi mfundo yopanda fanizo, kusiya mpaka 30 mphukira zolimba pachitsamba chilichonse. Munthawi yomweyo ndi kudulira, khungwa lakale lomwe limatsalira kumbuyo kwa mpesa liyenera kuchotsedwa kuti mpesawo "upume" ndikulola kupangidwa kwa khungwa laling'ono.
Choyamba, tifunika kudulidwa kwa malo ouma ndi zitsamba zokutira zomwe zimasokoneza kukula kwa olimba. Mwambiri, pali njira zambiri zopangira chitsamba kotero muyenera kuphunzira kwambiri mabuku apadera musanafike ku bizinesi. Kuti muchepetse kudulira, muyenera kuphukira masamba obiriwira ang'onoang'ono nthawi yachilimwe: chitsamba sichikhala chopweteka kuswa msipu. Ndikutulutsa kwakanthawi, mphukira yobiriwira imangochotsedwa ndi dzanja. Simungathe kuchita zongoluka pokhapokha maluwa.
Mutha kuthana ndi masamba owonjezera obiriwira mosavuta komanso mopweteka
M'madera ambiri dzikolo nthawi yachisanu mphesa zamtundu wobzalidwa ziyenera kubzala kuchokera ku chisanu. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito pa Buffet mphesa. Asanakhazikitsidwe, kudulira kwathunthu kumachitika, kuchotsa nthambi zosweka ndi zochulukirapo, komanso mbali zina zosapsa za mpesawo. Mphukira zokhwima bwino zimachotsedwa pamathandizo ndikuyika pansi, zimamangirira m'munyolo. Mphesa zimasungidwa kumapeto kwa Okutobala, ndipo njira zogona zimatengera nyengo yozizira kwambiri m'chigawo china, kuchuluka kwa chipale chofewa. Mwina choyenera kwambiri ku Furshetny chikhala malo odalirika opangira mipesa yochotsedwa mu trellis ndi nthambi za spruce kapena pine spruce, kapena ndi masamba owuma a mitengo yazipatso. Ngati kulibe lapnik, mipesa yomwe idayikidwa pansi imakutidwa ndi matabwa, masileti ndi zinthu zina zapamwamba: mpaka matalala atatsanulira, tchire lidzawombedwa ndi mphepo, ndipo mbewa sizingawawope. Ndipo pansi pa chipale chofewa tchire limakhala lotenthedwa, ngati lingogwera panthawi.
Mwa njira zonse zotheka kukonzekera mipesa ya Furshetny, chifukwa cha mphamvu ya chitsamba chake, kulima trellis kokha koyenera - pa chithandizo chilichonse choyenera. Zitha kukhala zosiyana: kuchokera pa chipangizo chowongolera ndi chitoliro kupita ku mauna aliwonse okhala ndi maselo akulu. Kugawitsanso mitengo ya mpesa m'malo mwake kumayatsa kuthengo komanso kuyeretsa.
Pakukhazikitsa trellis, mizati yolimba kapena mapaipi achitsulo amayendetsedwa pansi. Chiwerengero chawo chimasankhidwa kotero kuti amagwira mwamphamvu mawaya olimba ndi katundu wamtchire ndi mbewu pama waya. Nthawi zambiri, mizere ingapo yopingasa imakokedwa: yoyamba kutalikirana masentimita 50 kuchokera pansi, ina yotsika masentimita 30-50 alionse.Pakatikati, mipesa yozizira imamangirizidwa molumikizana ndi waya wam'munsi. Kukula mphukira zachichepere kumangirizidwa, kwinaku mukumphwanya zochuluka. Siyani masamba 25-30 pachitsamba chachikulire.
Ndemanga
Mphesa zimakhala ndi kulawa kwabwino, koyenera mayendedwe, ogwiritsa ntchito mwatsopano.
Khabarovs//habarovy.ru/?page_id=177
Buffet - mphesa zokhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino.
Zagorulko V.V.//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-1485.html
Gome lathu la buffet, lomwe lidabzalidwa chaka chatha ndi mmera womera, limakula kwambiri, kukana bwino matenda.Pakati kukula, adathandizidwa pokhapokha kukonzekera, adalumikiza thonje pang'ono, ndipo masamba pafupifupi 10 odulidwa adadulidwa.
Nina E.//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-1485.html
Mitundu ya mphesa ya Furshetny siinadziwikebe kwa onse alimi, koma okonda mphesa amatha kale kutamanda mitundu ya mphesa ya Furshetny chifukwa cha zokolola zake, kulawa kwabwino kwambiri komanso kusadzikuza pakukula.Kuthana ndi chisanu kwambiri kumakupatsani mwayi wokulitsa tebulo la Buffet osati kumwera kokha, komanso kanjira apakati, koma pokhapokha malo okwanira: zitsamba za mphesa zimakula mwamphamvu komanso zowonjezereka.
