Vriesia ndi mbewu yachilendo yokhala ndi maluwa a masamba ngati korona. Zokongoletsera zake zazikulu ndizovala zowoneka ngati kangaude, zomwe tingaziyerekezere ndi nthenga pa chipewa. Mitundu yambiri ya mbewu imakhala ndi mitundu yoposa 250, yambiri yomwe ndioyenera kulimidwa mkati. Ndi a banja la Bromilia. Mwachilengedwe, tchire lowala kwambiri limakhala nkhalango zamvula ku South America. Vriesia imatha kupezeka pakati pamiyala yamiyala, pa mitengo yamoyo kapena mabatani. Kunyumba, amakhala omvera komanso mosamala chaka chilichonse amasangalala ndi maluwa owala.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Vriesia ndi epiphyte wamuyaya wobiriwira. Ili ndi kachilomboka kakang'ono komanso kosalimba. Kutalika kwa mtengowo kumasiyana masentimita 40 mpaka 75. Masamba ochepa amapanga rosette yooneka ngati bolodi. Kutalika kwawo ndi 15-60 masentimita ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 4-8. Chidacho chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ngati lamba wokhala ndi mbali zosalala komanso malekezero osongoka. Pamalo owoneka bwino papepalalo amatha kukhala obiriwira wakuda kapena kukhala ndi mtundu wa nsangalabwi wokhala ndi mikwaso yoyera, yofiirira kapena yofiirira.
Makutu osunthika ngati khutu amakhala panjira yayitali. Imafika kutalika kwa mita 1. Kenako, kangaude wamkulu umakhala ndi mizere ya inflorescence yaying'ono yotulutsa maluwa. Mphukira iliyonse imazunguliridwa ndi mabulangete owoneka bwino. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zachikasu, terracotta kapena ofiira. Mwa mawonekedwe otalika komanso osalala a inflorescence, vriesia nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "lupanga lamoto."
Maluwa amakhala mwezi wopitilira. Mitundu yambiri yamapangidwe amwalira atatsirizika, masamba amawuma limodzi ndi peduncle. Izi ndizabwinobwino, pakapita kanthawi mphukira zazing'onoting'ono zimatuluka m'nthaka. Pambuyo pang'onopang'ono, masamba ang'onoang'ono amapsa m'malo mwa maluwa, pomwe mbewu zobisika zobisika.
Mitundu ya Vriesia
M'malo achilengedwe pali mitundu yoposa 250 ya vriesia. Mukakhala m'nkhalango zowala kwambiri mumatha kuona zithunzi zokongola za maluwa amenewa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba ndi masamba. Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yachipinda ndiyabwino kwambiri. Mitundu yoposa 150 ndioyenera kulimidwa.
Opatsa nzeru vriesia (Splenriet). Mitundu yokongoletsera yomwe ndiyabwino kwambiri kulima m'nyumba. Masamba osasunthika okhala ndi masikelo ang'onoang'ono amasonkhana mumkokomo wowotchera. Pazithunzi zobiriwira zakuda pali timizere ta mtanda wa rasipiberi. Mzere wautali wautali wokhala ndi korona wofiirira wofiirira wofiirira. Amaluwa kawiri pachaka: mu February ndi June.
Zosiyanasiyana ndizotchuka Vriesia AstridNdi yaying'ono kukula. Kutalika kwa chitsamba chamaluwa sikudutsa masentimita 45. Masamba ndiopapatiza-lanceolate, zobiriwira zakuda. Pa chomera chimodzi, mitengo yopendekera ya 5-7 imapangidwa nthawi imodzi.
Kusakaniza kwa Vriesia Chomera chokhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino obiriwira chimaphukira kwambiri. Zingwe zazing'ono ndi zachikaso kapena zofiira.
Hieroglyphic vriesia. Chomera chokongola ichi chili ndi masamba owongoka. Mtambo wobiriwira komanso kuwala wobiriwira wobiriwira wosinthika umasinthika m'malo owoneka bwino a tsamba. Mtundu wooneka ngati ma spike umafika kutalika kwa masentimita 50 ndipo ndi wachikasu.
Kuswana
Vriesia amafalitsa pofesa mbewu kapena kulekanitsa ana. Mbewu zitha kusungidwa popanda chomera chomera. Akakhwima kwathunthu, bokosi lokha limatseguka. Asanafesere, mbewu zimanyowetsedwa kwa maola angapo mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate, ndiye kuti zouma ndikufesedwa mu dothi la peat. Mutha kuwonjezera mchenga wochepa komanso sphagnum moss m'nthaka. Mbewu zimakhala pakuya kwa 5-10 mm. Dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono ndikuphimbidwa ndi filimu. Malo obiriwira amasungidwa pa kutentha kwa + 22 ... + 24 ° C. Ventilate ndikuthira dothi tsiku ndi tsiku. Mphukira zimawonekera pamodzi masiku 10-20. Pakatha miyezi ina iwiri, mbewuzo zingabzalidwe mumiphika ingapo. Mbande zamaluwa zimayembekezeredwa zaka 2-3.
Chosavuta ndichakuti kufalitsa kwamasamba kwa vriesia. Chomera chachikulire mutatha maluwa chimapereka ana ambiri. Ana amakula msanga ndipo mu miyezi 1-2 amafika gawo limodzi mwa atatu la kutalika kwa chomera chachikulu. Tsopano amatha kupatukana mosamala. Malowo odulawo amawaza ndi makala osweka. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mizu yofooka, yomwe ndikofunikira kuti isawononge nthawi ya kukokoloka. Zomera zimayikidwa nthawi yomweyo miphika ndi dothi la anthu akuluakulu. Pakati masiku 10-14, tikulimbikitsidwa kuphimba ana ndi filimu kapena galasi, kuti nthawi yosinthira ikhale yosavuta.
Zinthu Zogulitsa
Vriesia ilinso ndi mizu yosalimba, chifukwa chake, pozomera, ndikofunikira kusamala kwambiri. Kuchita njirayi pokhapokha ngati kuli kofunika, mphika wakale ukakhala wocheperako. Mukuwotcha kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, mbewuyo imabwezedwanso m'chidebe chatsopano. Miphika uyenera kukhala wosaya komanso yokwanira. Madontho akunyowa amayikidwa pansi. Zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga dothi:
- dothi lamasamba;
- dothi louma;
- peat;
- mchenga;
- zidutswa za makungwa a paini;
- sphagnum moss;
- makala.
Mutabzala mmera panthaka, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyala miyala ing'onoing'ono kapena zidutswa zamatabwa.
Kusamalira Panyumba
Kunyumba, kusamalira vriesia sikovuta. Komabe, monga mbewu zambiri zotentha, imafunikira mtundu wina wapadera. Chomera chikuwopa kuwunika mwachindunji ndi dzuwa, kusankha kuwala ndi mawonekedwe ake. Mitundu yokhala ndi masamba opindika osiyanasiyana imafunikira kuyatsa kwambiri kuposa zotsalazo. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyika mphika kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwenera.
Kutentha kokwanira kwa vriesia ndi + 24 ... + 28 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, kuzizira pang'ono kumaloledwa, koma osatsika kuposa + 18 ... + 20 ° C. Kutsetsereka kwa nthaka ndi kulumikizana kwa masamba omwe ali ndi mazenera ozizira a galasi sikuyenera kuloledwa.
Chinyezi pafupi ndi vriesia chikuyenera kukhala 70-80%. Nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kuthira korona ndi madzi oyeretsedwa pamoto kutentha ndikupukuta masamba ndi fumbi ndi nsalu yofewa. Munthawi yamaluwa, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti chinyezi sichikufika pa inflorescence. Ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yotentha, muyenera kuchotsa mphikawo ndi vriesia kutali ndi gwero la kutentha.
Ndikofunikira kuthirira vriesia nthawi zambiri m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Madziwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha ndi kutsukidwa bwino. Imathiridwa mkati mwa tsamba. Kutsirira kumachitika mobwerezabwereza nthaka itauma.
Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala, mtengowu umachulukitsidwa kawiri pamwezi. Ma feteleza apadera a epiphytes kapena bromilium ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mlingo wovala zachilengedwe zam'mimba zam'mimba umatha. Feteleza amasungunuka m'madzi. Gawo la gawo limatsanuliridwa m'nthaka, ndipo mbali ina masamba amasalidwa.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Kuthirira kwambiri kungapangitse kuti zowola zizike mizu. Pazizindikiro zake zoyambirira, mphukira ndi dothi zimatha kuthandizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yopha mafangayi.
Nthawi zambiri, vriesia imagwidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a bromile, nyongolotsi ndi nthata za akangaude. Kuchokera pa majeremusi, amathandizidwa ndi yankho la mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Panthawi ya ndondomekoyi, chisamaliro chimayenera kuthandizidwa kuti musawononge masamba osalimba.
