Saintpaulia ndi imodzi mwazomera zabwino kwambiri zamaluwa. Tchire lake laling'ono lobiriwira limakutidwa ndi maluwa okongola. Mutha kupanga mawonekedwe okongola kuchokera kwa iwo, chifukwa ndizovuta kwambiri kuyima pagulu limodzi. Uzambara violet, ndiye kuti Saintpoly ndi wa banja la a Gesneriev. Dziko lakwawo ndi mvula yamkuntho yotentha ya Africa, pomwe imakhala pafupi ndi mitsinje yamadzi ndi mitsinje yamapiri. Ndiosavuta kusamalira Senpolia kunyumba, ngakhale woyambitsa atha kuthana nayo.
Kufotokozera kwa Saintpaulia
Saintpaulia ndi udzu wobiriwira nthawi zonse womwe umakhala paphiri lamiyala pafupi ndi Tanzania. Mizu yake yopyapyala imapezeka m'dothi lapansi kumtunda ndipo amatha kumamatira miyala yaying'ono. Pamwamba pamtunda pali mphukira zazifupi zazifupi. Makatani nthawi zambiri amatalika 2-20 cm, ndipo 20-25 cm.
Masamba owongoka kapena owala amatha kupaka utoto wobiriwira ndipo amatha kuvekedwa ndi malo owala osawoneka. Kumbuyo kwa pepala la pinki kapena kwa burgundy kutchuka. Petioles ndi timapepala todzikuta kwambiri ndi villi. Mitsempha yopereka chithandizo imawonekera momveka bwino pamapepala.
Maluwa amatha kuchitika chaka chonse. Pakatikati pa rosette ya masamba, mtundu wa inflemose inflorescence, wokhala ndi maluwa angapo okhala ndi mawonekedwe, amaluwa. Chidutswa chilichonse chimakhala ndi miyala 5 yosavuta kapena iwiri. Utoto wamaluwa otambalala ndi masentimita 3-8. Mtundu wawo umatha kukhala wosiyanasiyana. Chipatso chowoneka ngati bokosilo chili ndi mbewu zazing'ono zazitali.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Pali mitundu pafupifupi 32,000 ndi mitundu yokongoletsera mumtundu wa Saintpaulia. Zina zimapezeka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zasayansi yayitali, zina chifukwa cha kuyesera kwapadera kwa olima maluwa.
Malo Oyimira Woyera. Rosette ya masamba obiriwira owoneka bwino amakhala okongoletsedwa ndi maluwa ambiri. Masamba oyera oyera amakhala ndi masamba a rasipiberi ndi maluwa abuluu.
Saintpaulia Mirror ya usiku. Mtengowo uli ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira komanso maluwa oyandikira. Mbale yamtambo yamtambo yoyera imakhala ndi malire woonda ndikufanana ndi nyenyezi zazikulu.
Carnival ya Saintpaulia. Mitundu imadziwika ndi maluwa ambiri komanso ataliatali. Mtundu wa miyala yam'mphepete m'mphepete imakhala ndi utoto wa lilac ndipo pang'ono ndi pang'ono umasinthika kukhala pinki.
Saintpaulia Madame Pompadour. Maluwa okongola kwambiri amdima obiriwira amatuluka pamwamba pa kudabwitsa kwa masamba ang'onoang'ono obiriwira. Mbale zam'mphepete zam'mphepete mwa chingwe zokhala ndi mzere wagolide woonda.
Saintpaulia ndi wamkulu. Mtengowo umasiyanitsidwa ndi nthambi zazitali (20-50 masentimita) ndikukula kwake zingapo. Kutsika komwe kumakongoletsera maluwa.
Saintpolis mini. Gulu la mitundu yazing'onozing'ono (mpaka 15 cm). Pamwamba pa masamba ang'onoting'ono, pamtambo wonse wamaluwa samaterera kwa nthawi yayitali.
Saintpoly Chimera. Tchire izi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mzere wosiyana pamiyala kapena masamba. Monga mbeu ziwiri zosiyana zophatikizidwa chimodzi. Maganizo ake ndiwotchuka kwambiri ndipo ndi amodzi odula kwambiri.
Kufalikira kwa Ziwawa
Fotokozerani zanyumba m'njira yamasamba. Kuti mukule senpolia kuchokera pa tsinde, muyenera kusankha tsamba labwino komanso kupanga chidutswa chokhazikika pa petiole, kusiya 3-5 cm. Mizu yake imachitika bwino m'madzi owiritsa. Mutha kuzazanso chomera m'nthaka. Iyenera kukhala yotayirira komanso yonyowa. Petiole sanayikidwenso wosaposa 1.5-2 masentimita. Mmera umakutidwa ndi filimu, nthawi ndi makilidwe ndikuwumitsa nthaka. Miphika uyenera kuyikika m'chipinda chofunda (osachepera + 20 ° C) ndi kuwala kosaloledwa. Mizu imatenga masabata 4-6.
Pakuzika mizu, simungadule tsamba limodzi, koma wopeza - mphukira yaying'ono ndi masamba 3-4. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi chomera cha mayi ndi mpeni ndipo amazika mizu ya sphagnum moss kapena mchenga ndi dothi la peat. Panthawi yozula, chomera chizikundidwa ndi chikwama kapena kapu yagalasi ndikuisamutsira kumalo otentha ndi kuwala kosakanikirana. Njirayi imatenga miyezi 1-1.5.
Chitsamba chachikulu cha senpolia chokhala ndi masamba angapo pa nthawi yobzala chimatha kugawidwa ndi mpeni ndikuwokedwa mumiphika ndi dothi la anthu akuluakulu. Nthawi zambiri violet imalekerera izi motere, koma tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse kuthirira mkati mwa masabata ochepa.
Malamulo Ogulitsa
Senpolia amakonda dothi lopepuka, lathanzi kunyumba. Pofuna kupatsa mbewuzo pazinthu zofunika, kuziika zimachitika kamodzi pa zaka 1-2 ndipo zimayesa kubwezeretsa gawo lina lapansi. Miphika iyenera kusankhidwa mosazama komanso lokwanira. Denga lamadzi limathiridwa pansi. Zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira nthaka ndi zosakaniza:
- dziko la turf;
- peat;
- vermiculitis;
- pepala lapansi;
- mchenga;
- moss sphagnum.
Kuzama kwambiri chomera m'nthaka ndikusinja nthaka sikofunikira.
Zosamalidwa
Kusamalira senpolia kunyumba ndikosavuta. Ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo ena kuti violet wosalala nthawi zambiri amasangalala ndi maluwa okongola.
Kuwala Chomera chimafuna kuwala kowala. Komabe, kuwala kwam'mawa kwa dzuwa kumatha kuyambitsa kutentha kwa masamba obiriwira. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyika miphika pazenera za kummawa ndi kumadzulo, komanso patebulo lakumwera.
Kutentha Akuluakulu Senpolia amakula pamtunda wa kutentha kwa + 20 ... + 23 ° C. Ma violets ang'onoang'ono amalimbikitsidwa kuti azikhala otentha (+ 23-26 ° C). Kuti chomera chikule bwino, chimayenera kupereka kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa 2-4 ° C.
Chinyezi. Saintpaulia amakonda zipinda zokhala ndi chinyezi chachikulu, chifukwa m'chilengedwe chimakhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi. Kuwala kwamasamba sikukulola kupopera mbewu msipu. Ngati muli ndi aquarium kapena kasupe kunyumba, ndibwino kuyika senpolia pafupi nayo. Mapaketi okhala ndi timiyala tonyowa kapena madzi nawonso ali oyenera.
Kuthirira. Mutha kuthiririra mavitamini ndi madzi apampopi atakhazikika firiji. Kuti madzi asadzikundikire pafupi ndi mphukira ndi masamba, kuthirira kwapamwamba ndikofunikira. Nthaka imayenera kuyanika kumtunda wachitatu, apo ayi mbewuyo imayamba kuuma ndikugwetsa masamba.
Feteleza. Senpolia amafunika kudyetsedwa kawiri pamwezi pachaka chonse. Pambuyo pakuwonjezera, pumulani kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wam'mera pazomera zamaluwa.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Matenda ofala kwambiri a senpolia ndi zowola (muzu zowola, choipitsa pang'ono, thonjey, wowonda imvi). M'zipinda zozizira komanso zotentha, madzi akakhazikika mumphika ndikalowa pakati pa masamba, masamba a bulauni kapena imvi amawonekera. Ngati, ikapanikizika, mphukira imakhala yofewa ndikufungo la nkhungu, ndiye kuti nyanjayo imayambukiridwa ndi kachilombo koyambira. Ndikofunikira kuyesa kuchotsa madera onse owonongeka, m'malo mwa dothi ndikugwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizofala kwambiri mu senpolia. Nthawi zina pokhapokha mungapeze masamba a mealybug kapena cyclamen. Tizirombo timathandizidwa ndi zopopera.
