Sea buckthorn ndi yolimba shrub yomwe imakhala ndi mankhwala apamwamba komanso oyenera. M'chilengedwe chake, chomeracho chifikira mamita 2-4 mu msinkhu. Zipatso za mtundu wa Sea buckthorn zimakhala zachikasu kapena zofiira. Nyanja ya buckthorn yafala ku China, Mongolia ndi mayiko ambiri a Nordic. Lero, chomera chapadera ichi ndi chofunika chimakula m'madera osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. M'nkhani ino, tasonkhanitsa kwa inu matenda otchuka kwambiri a nyanja ya buckthorn ndi njira zomwe mungachite nawo.
Matenda ambiri a nyanja buckthorn
Sea buckthorn ndi shrub yolimba kwambiri. Chomeracho chimatha kulimbana ndi kutentha kwakukulu (kuyambira -43 ° C mpaka 40 ° C) ndipo zimayesedwa kuti sizimatha. Masiku ano, matenda oopsa kwambiri a m'nyanja ya sea buckthorn amalembedwa, kuphatikizapo: kuwombera mowongoka, kupukuta kwa fusarium, nkhanambo, kutha kwa thupi. 
Verticillary wilting
Matenda ambiri omwe amapezeka mu nyanja ya buckthorn alibe zotsatira zowopsa pa zomera zokha ndi zipatso zake, kupatulapo zowonongeka. Ichi ndi matenda owopsa omwe angapangitse kufa kwa nyanja ya buckthorn mkati mwa zaka ziwiri. Bowa la verticillium dahliae nthawi zambiri limakhudza minda ya nyanja ya buckthorn.
Mu mankhwala amtundu wina m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, nyanja ya buckthorn yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala. Pakati pa zitsamba m'minda ya mankhwala, amagwiritsanso ntchito juniper, barberry, greenwood boxwood, mabulosi yew, siliva sucker.
Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikhoza kuzindikiridwa ndi kuwonetsa zithunzi: kudula masamba ndi nthambi, kusungunuka kwa masamba, kutsatiridwa ndi necrosis, mphukira youma, chitukuko chosauka. 25% ya mizu ya zowononga zowononga zizindikiro za kuwonongeka. Shrub ndi zizindikiro za wilting zowonongeka siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuswana.
Njira zogwiritsira ntchito matendawa sizinachitikebe. Njira yokhayo yowonekera ndiyo kuwonongeka kwa zitsamba zomwe zakhudzidwa. Chomeracho chiyenera kufulidwa ndikuwotchedwa.
Endomycosis
Endomycosis ndi matenda a fungal of focal nature. Zizindikiro za matendawa zikuwonekera kumayambiriro kwa August. Zipatso zimakhala zovuta komanso zofewa. Chipatsocho chiribe fungo la mtundu wa sea buckthorn. Pambuyo pake, chipolopolo cha zipatso zodwala chimang'ambika mosavuta, zomwe zili mkati mwake zimatuluka ndikupatsira zipatso zabwino. Mvula yambiri yamvula imabweretsa kufalikira kwa matendawa. 
Njira zovuta zimaphatikizapo kuchiza mitengo ndi 1% Bordeaux madzi kapena 0,4% ya chlorine dioxide.
Msolo wakuda
Ntchentche za dothi ndizo zimayambitsa matendawa. Chomeracho chimakhala chochepa kwambiri pofika pamtunda pakati pa bondo lochepa la mbeu ndi nthaka. Chifukwa chake, nyanja ya buckthorn imagwa pansi ndikufa.
Pofuna kupewa chitukuko cha matendawa, mbande za m'nyanja ya buckthorn ziyenera kubzalidwa mu gawo la nthaka yambiri komanso mchenga. Ndipo pofuna kuteteza mbande ayenera kuthiriridwa ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Ndondomekoyi imachitika kamodzi pa masiku 4-5.
Khansara yakuda
Pa mphukira za zomera zikuwoneka mdima kuzungulira mawanga. Makungwa a mtengo amatembenukira wakuda, atasweka, amagwa, akuwonetsa nkhuni zakuda. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timalowa m'mitengo mwachisawawa. Mu mbande ndi cuttings ya matenda a buckthorn amadziwonetsera okha ngati mawonekedwe a mdima wodetsedwa m'malo a mizu ya mizu. Mawanga amakula pang'onopang'ono, kupanga zilonda. Zomera zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimadulidwa. 
Kulimbana ndi matendawa Ndibwino kuti muzigwira malo okhudzidwa ndi mkuwa wa sulphate ndikuphimba ndi dothi ndi mullein.
Scab
Matendawa amafalitsidwa ndi conidia, omwe amafalikira ndi madontho a chinyezi, komanso tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ndi mbalame. M'nyengo yozizira, bowa amakhalabe m'magawo omwe amakhudzidwa. Nkhono imapezeka paliponse ndipo imayambitsa kuyanika kwa nthambi, ndi matenda amphamvu, ndi mtengo wonse. Pakatikati pa nyengo ya chilimwe, mawanga akuda, akuda ndi mzere wooneka bwino pa chipatso. Mitengo yambiri imatulutsa wakuda ndi owuma.
Nkhanambo ikhoza kupha theka la mbeu yonseyo. Kutentha kwadulira ndi kuwotcha mphukira za kachilomboka ndi masamba ndi kofunika kuti muteteze motsutsana ndi matendawa. Chithandizo ndi 1% Bordeaux madzimadzi amalimbikitsidwanso. 
Zovunda zosiyana
Vuto lomwe limayambitsa nyanja ya buckthorn limayambitsidwa ndi bowa kuchokera ku Phytium, Alternaria ndi Botrytis. Kusiyana pakati pa kuvunda kwa imvi ndi bulauni. Kukula kwa matenda ambiri kumapezeka m'nyengo ya chilimwe (mu July). Kukula kwa zofiira ndi zofiirira kumalimbikitsidwa ndi nyengo yamvula. Ndi zovunda zazikulu, chipatso cha mtengo chikufalikira, masamba, ndi spores ndi imvi spores zimakula kudzera pakhungu la zipatso. Zipatso zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zovunda zofiira zimakhala ndi mawanga akuda ndi bulawuni tufts ya sporonozh, imalowa mkati mwa khungu.
Muyeso wa kupewa kuola ndi Kusamalira bwino mbeu - kusamba madzi okwanira, feteleza, mofewa kumasula nthaka. Mitengo yomwe ikuonetsa kale zizindikiro za wilting iyenera kudulidwa mosamala.
Fusarium
Maofesi a Causative a Fusarium ndi bowa a Fusarium. Matendawa amachititsa kuti nthambi za nyanja buckthorn zikhazikitsidwe. Bowa limalowetsa mbande kudzera m'mabala a mizu. Chifukwa china chogonjetsedwa ndi kuyanika kwazitsamba zazitsamba (bowa zimakhala pa zomera zofooka). 
Njira yokha yolimbana ndi fusarium ndiyo kudula ndi kuthetsa ziwalo za mbeu.
Mukudziwa? Nyanja ya buckthorn imatchulidwa mu zolemba za asayansi akale achi Greek monga Dioscorides ndi Theophrasti. Chomeracho chinkadziwika ngati njira ya mahatchi: masamba ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono anawonjezeredwa kuti azidyetsa kuti apangitse phindu mofulumira ndikukwaniritsa chovala choyera. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti dzina lofala la sea buckthorn (Hippophae) m'Chilatini limatanthauza "kavalo wonyezimira".
Mmene mungagwirire ndi tizirombo ta buckthorn m'munda
Kenaka, timalingalira tizilombo tambiri ta nyanja ya buckthorn ndi njira zothetsera iwo. Mpaka pano, pali mitundu pafupifupi 50 ya tizirombo ta nyanja. Zowonongeka kwambiri ndi aphid ndi kuuluka. Zinazindikiranso kuti njere, njenjete, nthata ndi njenjete zamoto. Kuwonjezera apo, mbalame, nthenda, mbewa, makoswe ndi makoswe ena amadyetsanso phokoso la nyanja, nthawi zina amawononga kwambiri.
Pakalipano, palibe mankhwala ophera mankhwala omwe amalembedwa kapena opangidwa ndi fungicides motsutsana ndi tizilombo tomwe timapanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Izi zikutanthauza kuti alimi ndi wamaluwa ayenera kudalira njira zina zothandizira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Komabe, mayiko ambiri padziko lapansi akuchita kafukufuku kuti apeze yankho la funso lakuti "Kodi mungathe bwanji kuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa?"
Sea buckthorn moth
Mbalame yotchedwa Sea buckthorn moth (Gelechia hippophaella) imapezeka ku Italy, Romania, UK, Ukraine. Njenjete imadya pa masamba a chomera. Tizilombo ta tizilombo ta tizilombo ta tizilombo ta tizilombo ta tizilombo ta tizilombo ta tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Thupi laling'ono la tizilomboli liri ndi mtundu wofiira ndi mutu wofiirira. Pa siteji yotsiriza, mphutsi zili ndi pinki. Wingspan ndi 17-21 mm. 
Njira yabwino kwambiri yolimbirana ndi mankhwala a tchire ndi emulsion of metaphos pa ndondomeko ya 0.3% kapena kuyimitsidwa kwa mankhwala ochizira entobacterin (1%). Kupopera mbewu kuyenera kuchitidwa kumayambiriro kwa nthawi ya maluwa. Mukhozanso kugwiritsira ntchito chlorophos mwapamwamba kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Pali zifukwa zingapo zofunika zomwe zingalepheretse tizirombo ta nyanja buckthorn ndi Thandizani kulimbana nawo: kusankha mitundu yosagwirizana ndi tizirombo; kuphunzira za kubzala zakuthupi kapena tizilombo; Kuwunikira kawirikawiri pamunda kwa tizirombo; Kuyeretsa kusamba kwa munda (kuchotseratu zonse zomwe zingayambitse maluwa); kuchotsedwa kwa zitsamba zamasamba ndi namsongole; Kusamalidwa kwakukulu kwa thanzi la mbeu (kudya nthawi zonse).
Mbalame yotchedwa "buckthorn fly"
Ntchentche yotchedwa Sea buckthorn ndi yoopsa kwambiri ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mitunduyi imakhala yofanana kwambiri ndi ntchentche yothamanga (ntchentche za ku Ulaya). Ntchentche imatha kuwononga kwambiri mbewu zambiri. Ntchentche yotchedwa Sea buckthorn ili ndi Asia. Mphutsi ya ntchentche ya zipatso imadya mnofu wa chipatso cha buckthorn. 
Polimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chitetezo chachikulu chimaperekedwa ndi chlorophos, roger, methyl nitrophos pa ndondomeko ya ntchito ya 0.2%, komanso karbofos ndi metaphos (0,3%).
Nyanja ya a bridthorn
Aphid Sea buckthorn ndi tizilombo tating'alu wobiriwira omwe ali ndi maso ofiira. Mazira overwinter pa nthambi pafupi ndi impso. Pakatikati mwa mwezi wa May, aphid mphutsi imayamwa madzi kuchokera masamba aang'ono. Amayi amapanga tizilombo tatsopano komanso zatsopano. Masamba okhudzidwa amatembenukira chikasu, amawagwedeza ndi kugwa.
Nsabwe za m'masamba - imodzi mwa munda woopsa kwambiri ndi tizirombo. Pofuna kuteteza zomera, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungagwirire ndi tizilombo pa Kalina, maula, apulo, currants, kabichi, nkhaka.
Njira yabwino yothetsera nsabwe za m'madzi zimaphatikizapo kuthira chitsamba ndi sopo. Pakuvulazidwa koopsa, mwachitsanzo, mankhwala akugwiritsidwa ntchito, monga yankho la karbofos 10%.
Ndikofunikira! Kudula namsongole ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri kuti muteteze nyanja ya buckthorn m'munda. Mitengo ya Sea Buckthorn imayanjanitsidwa ndi kusowa kwabwino kwa udzu m'munda. Namsongole pakati pa mizere ya tchire Kudyetsa tizilombo ndi tizirombo tina zomwe zimakhala ndi zotsatira zovuta kwambiri pa mbeu. Kawirikawiri wamaluwa amayenera kumenyana namsongole mwamphamvu kwa zaka 4-5, mpaka mitengo ifike pamtunda wokwera kwambiri kuti mutuluke mumthunzi wamsongole.
Gall mite
Ndulu ya mite ndi tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono ta nyanja ya buckthorn. Thupi laling'ono ndi lofiira, lowala kwambiri. Thupi la thupi la 0.25 mm okha. Onse akulu ndi mphutsi ali ndi awiri awiri a miyendo. Madzi a mtundu wa Sea buckthorn amawononga masamba ndi masamba a zomera. Pa masamba okhudzidwa, kutupa ndi maperesenti a 0,5 masentimita kumapezeka. Pali nkhupakupa mkati mwa maonekedwe awa. Zotsatira za chiwonongeko cha tizilomboti timatha kufa. 
Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe ndikofunika kuti utsi ndi yankho la nitrafen. Ndi kufalikira kolimba kwa tizilombo kudzafuna 1-2 kupopera mankhwala karbofosom. Mwezi umodzi usanayambe zipatso zapsale ziyenera kuyima processing.
Njenjete ya peppered
Njenjete ndi mbozi yofiira ndi mdima wakuda longitudinal ndi mawanga achikasu pa thupi. Thupi ndilokulu, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 6 6. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amawonekera pa nthawi ya maluwa ndipo amapitiriza kudyetsa masamba a zomera mpaka kumayambiriro kwa autumn. Nthambi zina za mtengo zimatha kudziwika bwino. Ngati kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa chitsamba ndi njenjete (mpaka mbozi 70), ziyenera kuchitidwa. 
Polimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tidzathandiza kusintha kwa dzuŵa ndikumasula nthaka. Kupopera mankhwala a tizilombo n'komwe.
Mukudziwa? Sea buckthorn mwamsanga imayambitsa mizu yambiri, chifukwa chake ndibwino kulimbana ndi kutaya kwa nthaka. A Chifukwa cha mphamvu ya nyanja ya buckthorn yosunga nayitrogeni ndi zakudya zina m'nthaka, chomeracho angatchedwe "woyendetsera masoka" wa dziko lapansi. Mu kwa zaka zambiriMapepala akhungu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zakudya ndi mankhwala ku Ulaya ndi Asia. Mankhwala analembedwa m'zaka za m'ma VIII mu mankhwala a ku Tibetan. Posachedwapa, nyanja ya buckthorn yakhala gwero la chakudya chofunikira komanso mankhwala zinthu. Zipatso ndi mbewu ndizo zikuluzikulu za zinthu izi. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga matenda a khungu ndi m'mimba. Mu zipatso za chomera ichi chofunika kwambiri mavitamini A, C, E, B1, B2, K, P ndi flavonoids anapezeka.Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti njira zambiri zothandizira kuteteza mchere wa mchere ndi makamaka kuteteza kufalikira kwa matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'munda. Choncho, muyenera kuganizira za momwe mungapewe matenda ndi matenda omwe angakhale oopsa ndi tizilombo tisanayambe kubzala mitengo mwachindunji.
