Olima a maluwa a ku Ulaya Pandanus amadziwika ngati "palm palm", poulandira chifukwa cha masamba osapangika omwe amakhala akukula. Koma kwa okhala m'zilumba za Pacific, izi ndizomwe zimakhala zobiriwira zakutchire zokhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu komanso zipatso zodabwitsa. Zimakhala zovuta kukwaniritsa maluwa ndi fruiting m'nyumba zowonjezera, choncho zimakhala zokondwera ndi kapu yamtengo wapatali wa masamba wandiweyani: ndipo chidwi chomwe mumapereka ku maluwa, chimakhala chokongola kwambiri. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimafunika kupanga panjanus ndipo ngati n'kotheka kuti muzikhala panyumba.
Malingaliro a chipinda chamagulu
Kumtchire, nkhumba, malingana ndi mitundu yosiyana siyana, zimatha kukhala ngati chitsamba kapena mtengo. Koma mulimonsemo, izi ndizitali zazikulu, nthawi zambiri zimakhala mamita okwana 15, ndi mizu yambiri ya mlengalenga yomwe imakhala ngati zothandizira pazitsamba zochepa. Muzochitika za nyumba, ngakhale pansi pa zinthu zabwino kwambiri ndi chisamaliro choyenera nthawizonse, chimphona chachikulu sichingakhoze kuwukitsidwa. Kutalika kwa maluwa kutalika kumatheka pa mlingo wa mamita awiri.
Mukudziwa? Maluwa achilendo achilendo, omwe amafanana ndi ndolo, amakhala akugwiritsidwabe ntchito ndi zokongoletsedwa zachi Indian monga zokongoletsera. Atsikana osakwatiwa amawawombera m'magulu, amakhulupirira mphamvu zamatsenga zowonongeka za inflorescences. Malingana ndi zikhulupiriro zakale, amathandiza kuti akwatirane bwinobwino.Mphungu ya poto imadziwikanso ndi kukula kwake; choncho, nthawi zambiri amamanga zipinda zazikulu ndi zokwera. M'madera a botani muli mitundu 600 ya chikhalidwe chodabwitsa ichi. Zomwe zimayambira kulima kwathu awiri okha akugwirizana: "Weichi" ndi "Sanderi". Zonsezi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mgwirizano wa korona wooneka ngati kanjedza komanso mosavuta.
Chitsamba cha mtengo wa Veiči pandanus chimakhala ndi masamba aatali otalika (mpaka mamita 1 kutalika ndi 8 cm masentimita). Pamphepete mwawo ndi pakatikatikati mwa malo amkati muli malo ochepa kwambiri. Special variegated variegated variegated mitundu ya mitundu. Ali ndi masamba omwe amawonekeratu achikasu kapena oyera mzere wamphepete. Kutalika kwa chomera chokhwima kufika pamtunda umodzi ndi theka.
Ŵerenganiponso za kulima mitengo ina ya kanjedza: tsiku, Hamedorei, Hovei Belmor, Yucca, draceni.
Mchenga wotchedwa "Sanderi" wotchedwa mtengowu umatalika ndi wamtali ndi waukulu, womwe umakhala ndi thunthu lalifupi ndi masamba obiriwira mpaka mamita masentimita makumi asanu ndi atatu. Mu chipinda, kanjedza kameneka kamakula mpaka mamita awiri. Komanso imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongoletsera yokongola.
Mukudziwa? Pandanus amakhala zaka pafupifupi 30, koma amayamba pang'onopang'ono. Zaka khumi ndi zisanu zokha za zomera zimakula kukula.
Zomwe zingatheke kuti zikule
Manja a helical sali ovuta. Sasowa chidwi choposa zomera zina. Tiyeni tifufuze mwatsatanetsatane zikhalidwe zomwe pandanus zidzakhala bwino.
Malo ndi kuunikira
Anatsutsa kuti pandanasi ali ndi mphamvu yowopsya kwambiriZimapangitsa anthu kukwiya m'chipinda. Zikudziwika kuti mphamvu ya caustic ya maluwa imathandizira kupanga mapulogalamu. Choncho, ndizosayenera kuziyika muzipinda komanso m'nyumba za anthu a m'magazi, koma m'kalasi, maofesi, malo ogwira ntchito komanso malo ogona a anthu ofooka omwe amalephera kukhala ofunika.
Chifukwa salola dormancy, kulimbikitsa ubongo, kugwira ntchito. Kuonjezera apo, amalima amanena kuti mgwalangwa wa helical ndiwo wotetezera nyumba, kutetezera ku mphamvu zosafunikira za ena.
Screw palm amakonda kuwala kwambirikoma osati kutentha ndi dzuwa, koma wofatsa, wakulalika. Ndipo kuyatsa kuyenera kukhala kwambiri chaka chonse. Mu offseason, kulunjika ultraviolet kuwala ndi kosavuta, choncho ndi zopanda phindu, koma m'chilimwe ikhoza kuwotcha masamba. Kutentha kwawindo kumalimbikitsa pritenyat pogwiritsa ntchito khungu kapena kugwedeza. M'nyengo yozizira, pamene kuwala kwachilengedwe kuli kochepa, ndikofunikira kulumikiza nyali za fulorosenti kwa maola 6-8.
Ndikofunikira! Kuchokera ku lingaliro la sayansi, pandanus ilibe vuto lililonse: silichotsa poizoni, masamba sagwiritsa ntchito chifuwa ndipo samayambitsa mantha kwa anthu. Botanists amatsimikizira kuti chomeracho, chimatsuka mpweya wa microflora chifukwa cha mafuta ofunikira omwe amawoneka.
Kutentha
Mofanana ndi mitengo yonse ya kanjedza, mapanje amakonda kutentha. Kunyumba, m'nyengo ya chilimwe, kutentha kwakukulu kolima duwa kumachokera pa 20 mpaka 25 ° C. Kutentha Chilolezo chovomerezeka cha thermometer chiri 30 ° С, koma kale ndilo malire a mphamvu ya chomera chokonda chinyezi. Choncho, mu boma lakutentha kotero, ziyenera kukhala madzi nthawi zambiri patsiku.
M'nyengo yozizira, mtengo wamtengo wa helical udzakula bwino pa 18 ° С. Kutentha kumatha kufika pa 15 ° C, koma kuzizira kumakhala koopsa kwambiri kuwononga chikhalidwe.
Zapadera za chisamaliro cha kunyumba
Pozisamalira panyumba, Pandanus amafunika kuyambitsa mpweya wabwino ndi dothi, komanso kusamalira zakudya mumphika, kupangira korona ndi kubzala matenda. Tiyeni tiyang'ane pa mawonekedwe onsewa mu dongosolo.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Masamba ovuta kukhudza pandanasi akhoza kukhala wopanda madzi kwa nthawi yaitali, choncho Kupopera mbewu mobwerezabwereza sikufuna. Mzu wa maluwawo umatha kukhalanso ndi chilala chochepa. Koma kugwiritsira ntchito molakwa makhalidwe awa a mgwalangwa wa helical sikuli koyenera. Ndipotu, bwino kuti mumusamalire, mofulumira udzakula.
Ndikofunikira! Kupopera masamba a pandanasi sikuvomerezeka. Madzi otayidwa, omwe akugwera m'matope, amachititsa kuti matenda a fungal akule bwino. Kutulutsa mpweya kumachitika pafupi ndi chomera.Ndi kuthirira mavuto ambiri sikudzakhala. M'nyengo yotentha kwambiri, ndikwanira kuti muzitha kuthira madzi mumphika tsiku lililonse masiku 2-3. Ganizirani za chigawo chapamwamba cha substrate ndi kuthirira madzi pamene akuuma. Musalole kuti madzi asapitirire komanso asagwiritsire ntchito madzi ozizira kuti asungunuke: tiyeni tiime kwa masiku angapo ndipo titha kufika 30 ° C.
M'nyengo yozizira, chiwerengero cha ulimi wothirira chacheperachepera, kubweretsapo katatu kwa masiku 14. Apo ayi, pandanus ikhoza kudwala chifukwa cha chinyezi chochuluka.
Kuvala pansi ndi pamwamba
Pakuti kukonzekera nthaka kusakaniza pansi pandanus wapadera zosakaniza sizidzafunika. Pazinthu izi, malo ogulitsidwa konsekonse kapena gawo limodzi la nthaka, masamba a mchenga ndi humus ndi abwino kwambiri.
Pukuthani nthaka mu mphika ndi akatswiri a palm tree a helical akulangiza milungu iwiri iliyonsekuyambira mu April ndi kutha mu August. Njira yabwino kwambiri iyi ndi mineral feteleza, yomwe ili m'manda lonyowa.
Mukudziwa? Anthu a ku Pacific amagwiritsa ntchito tsamba laling'ono la pandanasi kuti likhale chakudya.
Kusintha malamulo
Piritsani kanjedza mpaka msinkhu wa zaka khumi amafunika kumuika chaka chilichonse. Ndipo lalikulu zomera ndi mizu yowonjezereka imayenera njirayi kamodzi pa zaka zitatu. Pakukuthandizani, nkofunika kuchita mosamalitsa kuti musapweteke manja ndi mitsempha pamapazi, chifukwa sangathe kupha, komanso kudula khungu.
Kuika duwa kumachitika mu kasupe pamtunda waukulu wa masentimita angapo. Pansi pake ili ndi madzi osanjikiza ndi gawo lapansi. Kuchokera pamwamba iwo akugudubuza kuchokera ku mphika wakale dothi ladothi ndikuliika mu latsopano. Samalani kuti musawononge rhizomes, chifukwa iwo ndi ofooka kwambiri. Kenaka mphika umadzazidwa pamwamba ndi dziko lapansi, tamped nawo, kuwunikira mofanana, ndi kuthirira mbewu.
Zingakhale zovuta kukula
Machitidwe osamalidwa bwino a ulimi nthawi zambiri amakhudza mkhalidwe wa kanjedza. Choncho, kuchita nthawi yake komanso kupewa zolakwitsa zingathe kupulumutsa mgwalangwa ku mavuto ena.
Ndikofunikira! Masamba otsika a kanjedza ndi owoneka bwino. Koma ngati izo zikukuvutsani inu ndi kuchuluka kwake, onjezerani zakudya m'nthaka ndi kuziika chomera m'chaka.Kawirikawiri amalima osadziwa zambiri, owopa kuwonongeka kwa mbale za masamba a pandanasi, musamadzisunthire mchipinda. Zotsatira zake, masamba kumapeto amayamba kuwuma ndi kutaya zotsatira zawo zokongoletsera.
Chithunzi chofananako chingakhoze kuwonetseredwa ngakhale pamene chomera chagwera mu cholembera. Mungathe kupulumutsa vutoli mwa kupopera madzi pafupi ndi chomeracho ndi botolo. Amayi amasiye akudziwitsidwa kuti amaika mphika mumatope ndi dothi lonyowa kapena nkhalango zamtchire ngati njira yothandizira, komanso osatsegula mawindo ndi khonde pafupi ndi duwa.
Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri chifukwa Kuperewera kwa chinyezi ndi choopsa kwa mliri ngati kupitirira kwake. Ndi kuphulika kwa madzi mu mphika yabwino nyengo kuti chitukuko cha mizu zowola. Kuletsa kutulukira kwa vutoli kungakhale kuthiridwa bwino. Pamene matendawa ayamba kale, kuika mwamsanga kudzafunika pakuchotseratu zigawo zonse zakuwonongeka.
Ndikofunikira! Simungakhoze kudula mizu ya mlengalenga - imapereka chomeracho ndi chinyezi ndipo ndizowonjezera thandizo la kapu kakang'ono kwambiri kamtengo.
Pandanus, yemwe amakhala m'munda wa chilimwe, akhoza kudabwa ndi chishango. Mutha kuwona tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'munsi mwa tsamba lomwe lili pakati pa mitsempha. Ngati pali tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, yesetsani kuwasonkhanitsa ndi manja. Apo ayi, pakufunika kupopera mankhwala (Aktara, Bi-58, Confidor).
Phunzirani za zinthu zomwe zimabweretsanso ma violets, streptocarpus, orchids, zamiokulkas, dieffenbachia, cactus, cheflers, laurels.
Njira zoberekera
Pandanus ali ndi njira zingapo zoberekera kunyumba. Makamaka otchuka ndi florists ndi kugawidwa kwa chitsamba ndi cuttings, pamene akatswiri akuyesa mbewu.
Kugawa chitsamba
Mwina iyi ndi njira yophweka kuti mupeze mphukira yatsopano. Zimatha pokhapokha ndikupaka zitsanzo zazikuluzikulu ndipo zimakhala ndi kudula zigawo zing'onozing'ono zomwe zimapezeka pamtengo waukulu. Kubzala kumatenga mphukira zamphamvu zokhazokha ndi mizu yamphamvu. Kwa rooting, iwo amayikidwa koyamba mu chidebe ndi madzi, ndipo atatha kuwonjezera mizu, iwo amabzalidwa mu gawo lokonzekera.
Cuttings
Kunyumba, kawirikawiri ankagwiritsa ntchito njira zodula. Pogwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake, phokoso limathamanga mpaka masentimita 20, limadulidwa ku pandanus. Amasungidwa m'madzi mpaka mizu ikuwonekera, yomwe imakhala yowonjezera, kenako imabzala pansi.
Akatswiri ena alibe madzi kumera, ndipo mosiyana, magawowa amauma kwa maola ochulukirapo, kenako amamera mu mchenga wa mchenga. Kuti mukhale ndi rooting yabwino, ndizomveka kuphimba chomeracho ndi polyethylene. Kwa miyezi iwiri, mizu idzawoneka pa cuttings.
Mukudziwa? M'dziko lakwawo, masamba awo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga nsalu.
Mbewu
Njirayi imachitika kawirikawiri kwambiri, popeza kuti kumera kochepa kumakhala kochepa, kuphatikizapo mavuto ambiri. Komanso, m'madera ozizira kwambiri zimakhala zovuta kupeza zinthu zamtengo wapatali.
Kufika kumapangidwa mu mapiritsi a peat, omwe ali mu makapu apulasitiki. Amayamba kuthiriridwa mpaka atachepetsedwe, kenako masentimita angapo amalowetsedwa mu gawo lapansi ndi chala chophimba ndi thumba la pulasitiki pamwamba kapena ndi chidebe chofanana ndi pulasitiki. Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mphukira pogona, pitirizani kumera mphukira mpaka kukula kwa malo odzaza. Kenaka imbanizirani mu mphika wosiyana.
Pambuyo yosaoneka bwino imaoneka yokongoletsera komanso yosasamala. Amatha kupulumuka popanda kusowa kwa chinyezi ndi kuwala, kukopa kwa Kutentha Kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira. Kuonjezerapo, chipindacho sichimakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo. Chokhachokha chokha cha chomera ichi ndivundi la korona, lomwe lidzasowa malo ambiri, koma vuto ili silidzatha zaka 10 zikubwerazi.
