Nkhuku (chikasu) ndi chokoma komanso nthawi yomweyo chakudya chamoyo, chomwe chimakhala ndi zovuta zazikulu za thupi. Chomera ichi sichidzichepetsa, koma ndi anthu ochepa okha omwe amadziwa momwe angamere mphukira ndi kuzipereka mosamala.
Malingaliro abwino a kukwera
Agronomists omwe ali ndi chidziwitso amakhulupirira kuti nthawi yabwino kwambiri yodzala nyemba pamatope ndi May: pa nthawi ino nthaka yayamba kale kutentha ndipo siidzavulaza mbewu. Komabe, muyenera kuganizirabe za dera lokula. Ngati pali chisanu m'deralo ngakhale kumapeto kwa kasupe, ndi bwino kubwezeretsa kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. 
Kusankha malo
Musanayambe chikondwerero, muyenera kupeza malo abwino m'munda ndikukonza malo abwino.
Posankha malo ndikofunikira kulingalira izi chomera chojambulaKomabe, kumeta pang'ono kumakhalanso bata. Pofuna kubzala masika, nkofunika kuti malowa athetse chipale chofewa ndi kuuma mwamsanga. Mphepo yamkuntho imasonyezedwa molakwika pa zokolola.
Mukudziwa? Kwa nthawi yoyamba chimanga chinabwera kwa ife mu 1792, chinachokera ku Turkey. Lero, chomerachi chikukula mochuluka ku China, India, Nigeria, Indonesia.
Kuunikira
Nkhuta zimakonda kuwala ndi kutentha. Ngakhalenso kumeta pang'ono kungachititse kuti mbewu iwonjezeke, kuchepetsa kukula kwa ziwalo zamasamba komanso kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha zipatso. Kufunika kwa kutentha kumachitika nyengo yonse yokula.
Nthaka
Popeza nthanga zimakula mwachindunji pansi, khalidwe lake ndi mawonekedwe ake ndi ofunika. Chomerachi chikusowa nthaka kusalowerera pHomwe ali ndi calcium ndi magnesium. Malo abwino - owala komanso omasuka kwambiri, omwe amapitirira mpweya ndi madzi bwino. Kuwonjezera apo, ziyenera kukhala mchenga wambiri. Musanadzalemo, nthaka imakhala yopindulitsa ndi zinthu zakuthupi. 
Oyambirira
Kuti mukolole bwino, osati malo otsiriza omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zomera zomwe poyamba zinakula pa dziko lino lapansi. Nkhumba zimakula bwino pambuyo pa kabichi, tomato, mbatata ndi nkhaka. Koma nyemba, m'malo mwake, zingayambitse kukula kwa zowola pamidzi, choncho ndibwino kuti musabzalidwe namsongole pamalo awo.
Nandolo, nyemba ndi nyemba ndi alendo ambiri pa tebulo lathu. Ndipo nyemba monga vetch, alfalfa ndi sainfoin zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya cha nyama.
Malo okonzekera musanadzalemo
Kukonzekera kwa nthaka ndiko zitsamba zonyezimirazomwe zidzathe kuchotsa namsongole momwe zingathere, ndi kukweza zyabi kuti masentimita 30 apitirire. Ntchito zoyamba zimachitika mwamsanga mutatha kukolola kwa oyambirirawo, kukula kwa chithandizo choyamba ndi masentimita 6, chachiwiri ndi chakuya: ndi masentimita 11.
Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, kuvuta kumachitika kudutsa kapena kugonana. Matenda oyambirira amachitika pakamera namsongole wamakale. Kulima kumayenera kuchitika kokha panthaka youma, ndibwino kuti tichite maminiti 30 musanafese.
Ndikofunikira! Zomwe zingatheke m'mawa a chisanu zingayambitse imfa, choncho nthawi yoyamba mutabzalidwa ndikulimbikitsanso kubzala mbewu usiku ndi filimu kapena agrofibre.
Ndondomeko ndi kuya kwake kofesa
Kuika nyemba pamalo otseguka bwino kumapangidwira njira yachitsulo. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ndondomekoyi 60 × 60 masentimitaKomabe, palibe yemwe amaletsa kubzala mwanjira zina, mwachitsanzo, mzere wozungulira, pamene m'lifupi pakati pa mizere ndi 65 cm, ndipo mtunda wa pakati pa zomera ndi 20 cm. 
Kuti mupeze mbande zabwino, zimagwiritsa ntchito mbewu zazikulu zokha, zomwe zimabzalidwa mozama masentimita 7. Mbewu zitatu zimalimbikitsidwa kuti ziyike bwino.
Yambani kudzala ulimi wochuluka wothirira. Mavuto a madzi ayenera kukhala otsika, kuti asawononge nthaka koma osabala mbewu. Ndi bwino kubwereza kugwedeza kangapo madzi asanatuluke m'mabedi.
Kusamalira ndi kulima kulima
Waukulu agrotechnical njira ya bwino kulima nyemba akuthirira, kudyetsa, hilling ndi kumasula nthaka. Zoonadi, sitiyenera kuiwala za chitetezo cha zomera kuchokera kumsongole ndi kupewa matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.
Kuthirira, kupalira ndi kumasula
Manyowa amathiridwa madzi ngati mukufunikira, zomera zimakonda chinyezi, koma osati pamene nthaka imakhala yonyowa kwambiri. Pakati pa maluwa, ndi bwino kupanga njira zowonongeka kawiri pa sabata. Chitani bwino m'mawa. Pambuyo maluwawo atatha, kuthirira kungachepetse, pa nthawi ino tikulimbikitsidwa kuchita zambiri kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Ndondomeko zoterezi zimachitika madzulo ndikuzichita tsiku lililonse.
Mukudziwa? Ku America, saloledwa kubweretsa zitsamba zokwera ndege - chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri ali ndi zovuta zowononga mankhwalawa, ndipo m'nyumba zingayambitse kupweteketsa kwa bronchi komanso ngakhale kupha.
Kuweta kuyenera kuchitidwa kawirikawiri, kuti namsongole asalembe zitsamba ndipo asatenge zakudya. Kutsegula kumachitika pambuyo pa ulimi wothirira kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwa mpweya pansi, komanso kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa madzi. 
Feteleza
Peanut amavomereza kuti ayambitse feteleza mchere padziko lapansi.
Pafupipafupi, kufunikira kwa mabatire mu magawo a chitukuko ndi motere:
- mbande pamaso pa masamba atatu - phosphorous;
- nthambi - potaziyamu ndi nayitrogeni;
- maonekedwe a masamba - nayitrogeni;
- nyengo yamaluwa - phosphorous;
- bobo mapangidwe - nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu.
Zokongoletsera za nthangala za m'banja la nyemba ndi mimosa, caragana, mthethe, wisteria, lupine.
Maluwa okwera
Mu nyengo yonse yokula, nthanga zimatuluka pafupifupi kasanu. Kuyenerera ndi kuwonongeka kwa kuphedwa kumakhudza mwachindunji zokolola. Nthawi yoyamba ntchito yotereyi ikuchitika tsiku lakhumi mutatha nthawi ya maluwa, pamene mphukira zopatsa zipatso zimagwa pansi.
Musanayambe kujambula zithunzi zokwanira (masentimita 6), zimalimbikitsidwa kuti mumve bwino. Izi zidzakulitsa chiwerengero cha anthu atatu omwe adzakolole mtsogolo. M'tsogolomu, dziko lapansi lidzachitika masiku khumi ndi awiri. 
Kuteteza tizilombo ndi matenda
Pofuna kupewa kugonjetsedwa kwa chalcosporosis, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kusinthasintha kwa mbeu ndikukhalitsa mbewu zatsopano kuchokera ku mbewu za chaka chatha. Ngati izi sizikuthandizani, ndikulimbikitseni kuti muwononge dera lanu ndi 1% yothetsera Bordeaux osakaniza kapena opezeka m'malo. Kuti zomera zisadwale ndi Fusarium wilt, miyambo ya kabichi iyenera kuphatikizidwa muzamasinthasintha.
Manyowa akhoza kuvutika ndi powdery mildew, alternariosis, phyllossticosis ndi imvi nkhungu. Chotsani mavutowa mwa kuthana ndi ma fungicides ovomerezeka. Kutentha dziko lapansi ndi phulusa kapena fodya ndi koyenera kutsutsana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi mbozi.
Kukolola ndi kusungirako
Yambani kukolola pamene masamba amasintha mtundu. Nyemba zimakumbidwa kuchokera pansi, zimasiyanasiyana ndi zimayambira ndipo zimayikidwa pamalo apamwamba, pomwe dzuwa silingagwe, chifukwa cha kuyanika. Pambuyo pa chigoba chimauma, tengani mtedza kuchokera pamenepo.
Ndikofunikira! Kusokoneza zipangizo zamakono za kulima, komanso yosungirako zosayenera kungachititse kuti mavitamini ayambe kuwonjezeka m'mitengo. Amayambitsa chifuwa kapena matenda ena. Zinthu zoterezi zimayambitsidwa ndi nkhungu.
Mutatha kukolola, ndi bwino kuganizira momwe mungasungire mtedza kunyumba. 
Kuti muonjezere nthawi yosungirako, muyenera kulingalira zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Chinyezi. Chofunika kwambiri, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa chinyontho kumawononga chipatso ndikuchiyesa chosayenera. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, zikhalidwezi zimabweretsa maonekedwe a parasitic nkhungu.
- Chikondi. Kukwera kutentha mu chipinda chomwe chimasungidwa, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Amachepetsera kokha pa kutentha mpaka madigiri 5.
- Mphukira wokwera. Ndi zokolola zolakwika, akamapitirizabe kugwira ntchito, kusungirako bwino sikutheka. Chotsatira chake, mtedzawo umachepa mofulumira kwambiri.
- Zoipa. Kukhalapo kwa mchere wochuluka ndi zina zotere kungayambitse malo otentha omwe angawononge mbewu yonse monga zotsatira.
- Microflora. Kukhalapo kwa bowa ndi mabakiteriya kumakhudza kusiyana kwa mtedza. Nthawi zambiri amatsogolera kuoneka ngati matenda. Komanso, kukhalapo kwa nthiti zochepa zochepa kumachepetsanso kukula kwa thupi lonse, chifukwa kumapititsa patsogolo kwa ena.
Ndi bwino kusunga makungu mu chipinda chouma chomwe chili ndi mpweya wabwino ndi mpweya utakhazikika.
