Roses - chokongoletsera chenicheni cha munda uliwonse. Mitengo yokongola iyi yakhala yotchuka ndi alimi a maluwa padziko lonse lapansi kwa zaka mazana ambiri. Mitundu yoposa 3000 ya maluwa amenewa yakula mu chikhalidwe. Tidzakhala ndi maluwa ambiri a Chingerezi mwatsatanetsatane, kutanthauza, tidzakhala tikudziŵa zosiyana siyana "Graham Thomas".
Mbiri yobereka
Maluwa a Chingerezi - Maluwa okongola kwambiri komanso osangalatsa kwambiri, omwe anali otchuka m'zaka za m'ma XX ndipo anabwerera ku mafashoni m'ma 80s. Mu 1983, David Austin anapangidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yomwe adaitcha mzake, komanso katswiri wa maluwa, Graham Thomas. 
Pa chiwonetsero cha ku Chelsea, duwalo linakondwera ndipo linayamba kukondana lokha pokhapokha chifukwa cha chikasu chachilendo chosakanizika ndi fungo losangalatsa. Mitundu imeneyi inapangidwa ndi kudutsa kwa "Charles Austin" ndi "Iceberg."
Mukudziwa? Kunyumba zosiyanasiyana, ku England, kuti avomereze zakukhosi kwawo, wokondedwayo amapereka maluwa awiri achikasu.
Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe
Ndizosatheka kufotokoza mawu akuti "Graham Thomas" mwa mawu osayang'ana pa chithunzi chake, ndipo pokhapokha mukachifufuza ndikuzindikira chomwe chithumwa chake chiri, mukhoza kuyimilira.
Zikuwoneka kuti duwa ili ngati siliri lonse, ndiye mithunzi yambiri yamtundu, yomwe imasiyananso malinga ndi nyengo. Zozizwitsa ziwiri zophimbidwa ndi buds zimakhala zazikulu za 8-10 masentimita. Pa peduncle pali pafupifupi mapaundi 75 omwe amateteza pakatikati pa mphukira, kutseguka kokha chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake ozungulira. 
Inflorescences kawirikawiri amasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku maluwa 6-8 ndipo amapereka kuwala kopambana ndi fungo lokoma. Zitsamba zazikuluzikulu zimadziwika ndi drooping mphukira ndi mdima wobiriwira masamba. Kutalika ndi m'lifupi kwa chitsamba kumasiyana ndi nyengo ya 1.2 kufika mamita 3.5 m'litali ndi 100-120 masentimita mu volume. Rose blooms 'Graham Thomas' mosalekezam'nyengo yachilimwe.
Werengani za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa: "Kukondwera", "Sophia Loren", "Pierre de Ronsard", "Blue Perfume", "Falstaff".
Mavuto akukula
Zokwanira chifukwa chodzala dzuwa m'malo ndi mthunzi wache. Chinthu chachikulu - perekani chomeracho maola 6-7 padzuwa. Malowa ayenera kukhala mpweya wokwanira.
Kuchokera pakusankha kwa malo kumadalira zotsatira za kubzala: mwachitsanzo, pamalo owala bwino, mumakhala chitsamba chosakanikirana ndi maluwa ambiri, komanso pamalo amthunzi - tall shrub ndi zochepa zochepa masamba. 
Ndikofunikira! Ndikofunika kuyang'ana mtunda mutabzala: tchire ndi mitengo ziyenera kukhala ndi mita imodzi kuchoka ku duwa. Apo ayi, padzakhala kulimbana kwa zakudya.
Kukonzekera ndi kubzala mbande
Mukhoza kubzala maluwa mu kasupe kapena m'dzinja.
Mbande zimayenera kukonzekera pasanadze kubzala, popeza kale zidasungira muzu wokhazikika kwa maola 24, ndipo pokhapokha mubzala mubzala 50x50x50 cm, ndiko kuti, kuzama, m'lifupi ndi mtunda pakati pa zomera zikhale zofanana.
Mukakonzekera mabowo, ndikofunikira chabwino kuti muwachepetse iwo - Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndowa imodzi yamadzi kwabwino. Pambuyo pake, mungathe kupitako mwachindunji kuti mubzalidwe mbande. Dulani mosamala mizu ndikuyiyika pamenje, kenaka yikani ndi gawo lapansi kuti mchengawo ufike pansi kwambiri ndi masentimita 7. Kubwezeretsa pansi, ndipo tsiku lotsatira muyenera kuzungulira tchire ndikuwamwetsa madzi. 
Maphunziro a Gulu
Chizungu cha Chingerezi chimayambira mu maluwa osiyanasiyana, choncho njira zonse zothandizira ziyenera kuchitidwa panthawi yake. Ngati mukutsatira malamulo osavuta, mutsimikiziridwa kuti mutenga maluwa okongola okongola bwino.
Mukudziwa? Kalasi "Graham Thomas" ali ndi mphoto zoposa 50, ndi mphoto yaikulu kwambiri kwa iwo. James Mason wochokera ku Royal Society of Gardeners, adapatsidwa mu 2000.
Kuthirira
Chinyezi - Chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimapindulitsa pa kulima sukulu "Graham Thomas." Kuthirira kumakhala koyenera, koma nthawi yake. Pomwe dothi lozungulira pamwamba pa shrub lauma, muyenera kuyamba njira zamadzi. Kuchuluka kwa madzi kumadalira nyengo, kotero sizingatheke kuti mudziwe: muyenera kudalira zomwe mumakumana nazo ndi chidziwitso. 
Feteleza
Pambuyo mutabzala, kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokula, feteleza feteleza ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Phosphorous ndi calcium zimapangitsa mphukira zabwino - ndi bwino kupanga zovala zoterezi mu May-June. Mu August ndi September, mukhoza kudyetsa maluwa ndi potaziyamu. Ndi bwino kuyandikira feteleza ya rosa yamtunduwu mwachidwi, komanso kumatsatira mfundo yakuti ndi bwino kugonjetsedwa kusiyana ndi kusungunuka.
Werengani komanso zazing'ono za chisamaliro ndi mitundu ya pansi chivundikiro maluwa, zenizeni kukula kukula ndi muyezo maluwa.
Kudulira
Zonse zimadalira malingaliro anu ndi momwe mukuwonera chomera mumapangidwe anu. Onetsetsani kuti mudula njira zokhazokha zomwe zimakhudza komanso zowonongeka, komanso mapesi a mapesi omwe atha. Zonsezi zowonongeka pogwiritsa ntchito kudulira ndi kupanga zitsamba, mukhoza kuchita bwino. 
Chitetezo ku matenda ndi tizirombo
Maluwa onse a Chingerezi samaloleza chinyezi chokwanira: chifukwa cha zomera zake zambiri komanso odwala. Monga njira yothandizira, m'pofunikira kukhetsa nthaka bwino ndikusazitsuka. Mvula yamvula iyenera kugwedeza pa chitsamba ndi masamba kuchokera ku madontho.
Matenda ambiri a maluwa a Chingelezi, omwe amayamba bwino chifukwa cha chinyezi ndi mvula yambiri - imvi yovunda. Bowa ili limayambitsa mizu ya zomera, limakula mwa iwo. Pachizindikiro choyamba cha matendawa, ndipo amatha kuzindikira kuti maluwa ndi mphukira zimayamba kuvunda, nkofunika kuchotsa malo omwe akukhudzidwa ndikusakaniza nthaka, mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsa ntchito Fitosporina-M, Alirin-B kapena Gamair.
Ndikufuna kutsimikizira kuti roses "Graham Thomas" mosamala, amadwala ndipo amakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo tochepa kwambiri, chifukwa ndi abwino komanso osatha.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge za zomwe zimalima tiyi, Dutch, Canadian roses.
Zinthu zoberekera
Patsani maluwa oterewa cuttings ndi kuika. 
Chosavuta komanso chogonjetsa ngakhale kwa amateur wamaluwa ndiwo kubalana ndi kuika. Pa ichi muyenera kusankha achinyamata amphamvu kuthawa, kudula nsonga, yesani machesi pamenepo. Ndiye muyenera kulumikiza tsinde pansi, pang'ono prikopat ndi kutsanulira.
Ndikofunikira! Dothi locheka likhale lokonzekera: choyamba chotsani namsongole, manyowa ndi kumasula.
Chitani ndondomekoyi mu July-August, ndipo mu kasupe mungathe kusiyanitsa mmera wokonzeka mmera.
Kudula kumaonedwa kuti sikungapindule, koma kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri. Pakuti cuttings kusankha olimbitsa nthambi. Kupaka sapling bwino kumawoneka ngati phesi ndi masamba 2-3, pamene masamba amodzi kapena awiri amachotsedwa, kusiya tsamba limodzi lokha. Kenaka chodzala chimabzalidwa mu mchere wokonzedwa bwino, kumasulidwa ndi dothi losakanikirana pa mtunda wa masentimita 20 kuchokera kwa mzake.
Phunzirani momwe mungapezere maluwa odulidwa mu vase kwa nthawi yaitali, ndi momwe mungamere maluwa mu mphika.
Pogona m'nyengo yozizira
Ma Roses "Graham Thomas" amalingaliridwa nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Pansi pa nyengo yozizira ndi kudulira kanthawi kochepa. Shrub imadulidwa m'njira yokhayo yokhayokha yomwe ili ndi masamba angapo. Kukonza koyenera kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi pruner yoopsa, yotetezedwa ndi disinfected. Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, mukufunikira nthaka ya prikopat. Ndi bwino kutenga dothi kuti likhale pamtunda wina wa m'mundamo, osati mwachindunji pafupi ndi maluwa, monga pamene kukumba mukhoza kuvulaza mizu ya zomera. 
Kuchokera pamwamba, chitsamba chosungunuka chimakhala ndi mpando wa masamba, utuchi kapena nthambi za spruce. Ngati dera lanu liri ndi nyengo yozizira kwambiri ndipo kutentha kumadutsa pansi pa -30 ° C, kuphimba chitsamba ndi filimu kuti chitetezo chachikulu. Mtunda wa pakati pa filimuyo ndi chomera uyenera kukhala osachepera 15 masentimita.
Pamalo ogonawo ankathira masamba osanjikizidwa ndi nthambi. M'nyumba muno, Chingerezi chimakhala chofunda. M'chaka, malo ogona amachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono: poyamba, nthambi ndi masamba zimachotsedwa, ndipo shrub imasiyidwa pansi pa filimuyi kwa milungu ingapo. Zipangizozi zimadumpha kuwala kwa dzuwa ndipo zimateteza maluwawo kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizizira - mumatope otenthawa, shrub imadzuka ndikukula mofulumira.
Rosa mu Chingerezi ndi cholengedwa chokongola ndi chokongola cholengedwa chomwe chidzakopa chidwi ndi kukongoletsa munda uliwonse. Kuwerenga kwapamwamba ndi kununkhira kokoma kumatha kugonjetsa mtima ndi malingaliro a wolima wowonongeka ndi wophunzira.
