Pofuna kupanga mapangidwe abwino a munda kapena dera lanu, eni eni eni ambiri amaganizira kuti ndi njira zotani zomwe zingakonzekereni panyumba pawo ya chilimwe. Pakati pa kuchuluka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera za paki, mungapeze mosavuta nthumwi ya zomera kuchokera kulikonse. Komabe, ambiri mwa iwo samapindula kwambiri, koma ena mwa iwo amapanga chisangalalo chenichenicho.
Mitundu iyi yotchuka kwambiri ya nyumba zapakhomo ndi cotoneaster. Chomeracho sichisiyanitsa ndi mtundu wapadera wa mitundu ndi mtundu uliwonse. Ndiponso, sizingatchedwe kutchuka poyang'ana poyamba. Komabe, izi sizipereka mavuto a chitsamba panjira yopita kumadera atsopano. Kotero bwanji Kodi chomera chotchedwa cotonaster chosasunthika chotchuka kwambiri pakukongoletsedwa kwa malo? Ndizimene tikuyenera kudziwa, komanso kupeza momwe zinthu zilili zofunika kuti tipeze zomera izi m'munda.
Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe
Kotontala yopanda malire imatanthawuza mitundu yokongoletsera zomwe zikuimira Pinki ya Banja. Mu chilengedwe, zimagawidwa makamaka ku China. Chomera chokoma ichi kuthengo ndi chokongoletsera bwino cha miyala yopanda moyo. Mbali yaikulu ya shrub yaikidwa m'dzina lake. Izi ndizo zokwawa zokhazikika, zomwe zimadziwika ndi masamba obiriwira.
Froberberries, raspberries, mabulosi akuda, maapulo, mapeyala, yamatcheri, quinces, loquat, amondi, yamatcheri, plums, apricots, yamapichesi, mabulosi amtengo wapatali, yamatcheri otchedwa hawthorn, rose, spirea, rowan ndi mtambo, komanso kilogalamu yopingasa, ndi ya pinki ndipo ali wamba pafupifupi pafupifupi mbali zonse za dziko lapansi.
Mukudziwa? Izi zokongoletsera shrub zalandira dzina lake lapakhomo chifukwa cha kufanana kwa zipatso zake ndi mitundu yotchedwa "dogwood" yomwe yayigwiritsidwa ntchito chakudya kuyambira kalelo.Kukula kwa chomera ndi chokongola kwambiri, kutalika kwake sikuposa 70 cm, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndiposa 1.5 mamita. Shrub mphukira ndi nthambi zambiri ndipo amalenga wandiweyani korona. Mphukira uliwonse umakhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono komanso ozungulira a mdima wandiweyani, womwe umakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi nyengo yophukira. Nthawi yamaluwa imayamba kumapeto kwa mwezi wa May ndipo imatha milungu itatu, pamene mphukirayi ili ndizing'ono, pafupifupi maluwa osakanikirana kapena maluŵa amodzi a mthunzi woyera. Pambuyo maluwa pa shrub yofiira yofiira zipatso zazing'ono zimawoneka, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatha kukhala pamunda mpaka lotsatira masika.
Mukudziwa? Dzina lachilatini wotchedwa cotoneaster limawoneka ngati "сotoneaster", limene linamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chigiriki chakale limatanthauza "ngati quince." Dzina limeneli linachokera chifukwa chakuti masamba a mtundu wina wa zomera awa amafanana ndi quince masamba.
Pakati pa oimira ambiri omwe ali otchuka pakati pa wamaluwa amasangalala cotoneaster yosakanikirana variegatus (Variegatus). Mmera wamkulu ndi wawung'ono, kutalika kwake sikudutsa 30 cm mu msinkhu ndi 1.5 mamita m'lifupi. Mitundu yambiri ya zitsamba izi zakhala zikudziwika bwino chifukwa cha zodabwitsa za mtundu wake. Poyamba nyengo yozizira, masamba obiriwira amasintha mtundu wake kuti ukhale ndi burgundy wokongola kwambiri. Mbali imeneyi ya chitsamba imapatsa mundawo nyengo yozizira ndi yozizira kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira.
Ubwino ndi ntchito
Zojambula zamtchire zowonongeka m'munda zili ndi ntchito zambiri. Chomerachi chimalimbikitsidwa kuti chodzala maluwa, pafupi ndi makoma osungira. Komanso shrub iyi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati udzu. Zokwawa zokhala ndi mphukira zimapangitsa kuti zisawononge malo okhalamo ndi kukhala mitundu yambiri yomwe ilipo.
Ntchito yaikulu ya chomera - Uku kudzazidwa kwathunthu kwa malo otsika kapena apakati. Shrub anabzala mbewu zamasamba kapena osakwatira. Makamaka otchuka ndi khoma kapena mpanda wozungulira. Kuchita izi, zomera zazing'ono zimabzalidwa pamphepete mwa mpanda pa mtunda wa masentimita 30 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri zaufulu, mukhoza kuyamba bwino kupanga mpanda mothandizidwa ndi maluwa. Pang'onopang'ono, shrub imakula ndipo patapita zaka zingapo mpanda wambiri umakhalapo. 
Mukudziwa? Chomera chotengera cha pulasitiki chinayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera chokongola m'munda wa botani mu 1864.Mukamera chomera chimodzi kuchokera ku mphukira ya chitsamba, mumakhala korona wovuta, yomwe imawoneka mosiyana. Zomwe zimapangidwe m'mapangidwe a malo zingakhale pamodzi ndi mtundu uliwonse wa zomera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malo osiyana ndi malo ozungulira. Komanso, mtundu uwu ndi gawo loyenera la "munda wa Japan"; mothandizidwa ndi chitsamba, zolemba zomwe zimakhala ndi miyala yokongoletsera zimapangidwa.
Onani mitundu yowonjezera ya cotonaster.
Zotsatira zofika
Pofuna kukonzekera shrub ya cotonaster m'munda wanu, muyenera kukhala oleza mtima komanso achangu. Ngakhale kuti chomeracho ndi chodzichepetsa, chodzala icho chitatseguka nthaka kumafuna khama lalikulu. Nthawi yoyenera yothandizira izi idzakhala kumayambiriro kwa masika. 
Ndikofunikira! Chomera chomera chimayenera kubzalidwa mpaka masambawo apangidwe, apo ayi chomeracho sichingathe kukhazikika pamalo atsopano.
Kusankha malo
Chomeracho chimakonda malo okhala ndi mthunzi wochepa kapena wochepa, kusowa kwa kuwala sikusokoneza kukongola kwa chitsamba, kotero chimakhala bwino ndi mphamvu iliyonse ya dzuwa. Komabe, zitsanzo zopindulitsa kwambiri zimakhala bwino pokhapokha ngati zikuwunikira bwino komanso kugwirizana kwabwino kwa munda wautali. 
Dothi lopangira makotoni
Nthaka ndi imodzi mwa mavuto oyambirira omwe akukumana nawo mukamadzala cotonaster. Osati mumkhalidwe wonse chitsamba chidzachotsedwa bwino. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndi yowonjezerapo gawo la mchenga, peat manyowa ndi turf, yomwe imakonzedwa mofanana ndi 2: 1: 2 patsiku musanabzala, ndikofunika kuwonjezera laimu pa 300 magalamu pa 1 mita imodzi. Kuwonjezera kwa gawoli kumapangitsa pafupifupi 100% kupulumuka kwa mmera. Dothi lalikulu liyenera kukhala ndi luso lopanda mphamvu, monga momwe ziriri ndi chinyezi chambiri, shrub ikukula pang'onopang'ono ndipo imatha kufa posachedwa. 
Malamulo obwera
Pali njira zingapo zowonjezeretsa chimbudzi pa dacha: mbewu, kukulumikiza, cuttings kapena kuika. Onsewa amapereka mwayi wokwanira wolima chomera ichi kumalo awo, koma sikuti aliyense wa iwo amadziwika bwino kwambiri.
Mbewu
Kufesa mbewu ndi njira yochepetsetsa yochepetsera cotonaster, chifukwa alibe chiwerengero chokwanira cha kumera. Ndizomwe zimalonjezedwa kwambiri, 60 peresenti ya mbewu zomwe zimapangidwa zimapanga mphukira yokwanira. Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa October, zipatso zitatha, zipsereza mosamala ndipo thupi limachotsedwa ndi peel.
Zotsatira zake zimabzalidwa mumtsuko wamadzi. Zomwe zimamira pansi ndizoyenera kufesa, zina zonse ziyenera kukanidwa. Kenaka, mbewuzo zimabzalidwa m'nthaka. Kuyambira kumapeto kwa May mpaka kumayambiriro kwa June mphukira kuonekera, zomwe zimapangidwira kunja. Pambuyo pa zaka 2-3 zokha, pamene mbande imakula, amatha kuziika pamalo osatha. Ndikofunika kuti musaiwale kuti mutseke pamwamba. 
Ndikofunikira! Mbewu za cotoneaster ziyenera kufesedwa kugwa, chifukwa cha mphukira zabwino zimayenera kukhala m'nyengo yozizira m'nthaka. Popanda izi, kufanana kwawo kumachepetsa kangapo.
Cuttings
Kubalana ndi achinyamata cuttings ndi Njira yabwino kwambiri yolima chitsamba cha cotoneaster kumtunda. Pofika pamapeto pake, kumayambiriro kwa June, kubzala zinthu akukonzekera. Kuchokera ku mphukira zazing'ono, cuttings amadulidwa, kenako amathira madzi tsiku limodzi kapena yankho lapadera la rooting. Pambuyo pake, cuttings amabzalidwa poyera kumasula nthaka pamtunda wa 45 °. Kwa rooting ndi bwino kugwiritsira ntchito gawo lapadera, lomwe limakonzedwa kuchokera ku mchenga ndi peat ofanana. Zida zofesedwa pansi zimachotsedwa pamwamba pa botolo la pulasitiki ndi khosi lotseguka. Pa malo okhazikika mizu cuttings kuziika lotsatira kasupe. 
Kuyika
Pofuna kupeza mbeu yatsopano chifukwa cha kuika, kumayambiriro kwa masika, mphukira zam'munsi zimaponyedwa pamtunda wa 10-15 masentimita. Kuti tichite izi, timabowo ting'onoting'ono timapanga nthaka yomwe ili pafupi ndi chomeracho, pansi pake komwe kuli kofunikira kutsanulira gawo limodzi lopangidwa moyenera la peat ndi mchenga. Pambuyo pake, kuyika kwaiwalika kwa chaka, ndipo kanthawi kochepa kasupe, mphukira mizu imadulidwa ndikuikidwa pamalo okhwima. 
Inoculation
Kujambula graphing cotoneaster yopingasa - Iyi ndiyo njira yodabwitsa kwambiri yolima shrub. Kuchita izi, chomeracho chimakula pa ndodo yapadera, yokonzedwa kuchokera mu tsinde la mtengo uliwonse wa pinki ya banja. Njirayi imayambira kumayambiriro kwa masika. Mphukira ya cotonaster imadziphatikizidwa pamwamba pa mtengo wa mtengo, kenako nthambi zonse zimachotsedwa. Musanayambe ndondomekoyi, mphukira imaphunzitsidwa mwapadera: kudulidwa kwa oblique kumadulidwa kumtunda, ndi mphete pamunsi.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kupewa kuola kwa nsonga za kudula kumtengowo, nkofunika kuti muchepetseko ngati phala la munda.Pasanathe mwezi umodzi, gawo lotetezedwa limayamba mizu ndikuyamba kukula mwakhama. Kuchokera pano, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa njira yakukula, kuchepetsa chomera kupanga kapu yokoma. Zaka ziwiri zatha, korona wamphumphu imapangidwa pa shtamba ndi chipewa chokometsera, chomwe munda uliwonse ungakhale wonyada.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji chomera?
Kwa mbali zambiri, sizili zovuta kusamalira zitsamba zamtundu uwu, popeza sizomwe zimapangitsa kuti izi zidziwike.
Kuthirira
Cotoneaster imatanthawuza mitundu yomwe imalephera kuletsa chinyezi, kotero chomeracho sichisowa kuthirira nthawi zonse, ngakhalenso ngati chimakhala chilala. Ndondomekoyi ikhoza kuchitika osaposa 1 pa mwezi. Komabe, m'nyengo yowuma ndi yotentha, shrub imakonzedwa kuti imwe madzi nthawi zambiri, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa madzi kwa ulimi wothirira sikuyenera kupitirira 8 ndowa (kwa munthu wamkulu). Pankhaniyi, mafupipafupi ayenera kukhala 1 nthawi masabata awiri. Pambuyo kuthirira, m'pofunika kumasula nthaka mozama pafupifupi masentimita 15 pansi, ndipo ngati n'kotheka, chotsani namsongole. 
Feteleza
Chomeracho sichifunikira zakudya zina, komabe M'chaka, kudyetsa fetereza ndikofunikira. Nthawi yoyamba ndondomekoyi imayambira kumayambiriro kwa masika, poyamba tsiku loyamba la dzuwa. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito yankho lapadera. Kukonzekera mu 10 malita a madzi amasungunula 25 g wa urea, pambuyo pake mankhwalawa amatsanulira pamunsi pa shrub. Mukhozanso kugwiritsira ntchito feteleza ya Kemira ndi chiwerengero cha 100 g pa 1 mita imodzi. nthaka. Nthawi yotsatira shrub imamera feteleza musanafike mvula (kumapeto kwa May). Kuti muchite izi, mungagwiritse ntchito 15 g pa 1 mita imodzi. sulfuric potassium kapena 60 g pa 1 sq. m. superphosphate granules.
Kudulira
Shrub imatanthawuza ku mtundu uwu wa chomera, chomwe chimasuntha bwinobwino kudulira mitengo. Shrub ya nyengoyo iyenera kukhala yofiira, kukonzanso tsitsi (kukongoletsa). Pofuna kukondweretsa, kudulira kwa mbeu padziko lonse kumachitika mchaka, kufikira masambawo atuluke. Pankhaniyi, mphukira za pachaka ziyenera kuchotsedwa ndi osachepera atatu mwa kukula kwawo. Pambuyo kudulira, mphukira mwamsanga limakula, koma korona mawonekedwe akhalabe osagwirizana. 
Zimakhala zofunikanso nthawi zina kuti zizioneka. Kubwezeretsa tsitsi kumaperekanso mpaka maonekedwe a impso. Panthawiyi, m'pofunikira kuwonetsa mphukira zosafunikira ndikuzidula popanda kutaya mawonekedwe a chitsamba. Kudulira kwadothi kungathe kuchitidwa nthawi iliyonse ya chaka, popeza kuchotsedwa kwa mbewu zakufa sikumayambitsa kukula kwa shrub.
Kuphimba chophikira pakhomo m'nyengo yozizira?
Ngakhale kuti cotonaster ndi yopingasa ndi frost zosagwira mitundu, akadakali kumafuna kukonzekera bwino nyengo yozizira, makamaka m'madera omwe akukumana ndi chisanu chakuda chakumpoto. Pachifukwachi, nthaka yomwe ili m'munsiyi imakhala yochuluka, kenako mphukira imathamangira pafupi kwambiri ndipo imakhala yotetezeka. Kenaka, chomeracho chimadzaza. Pochita izi, mungagwiritse ntchito chophimba chophimba, chomwe chingagulitsidwe m'masitolo alionse, masamba kapena masamba a mitengo ya coniferous. Mu mawonekedwe oterewa, cotonaster imatha kupulumuka ngakhale frosts kwambiri. 
Kulima zitsamba zokongola ndi njira yabwino komanso yosangalatsa yokhala mitengo ndi mitengo. Nthawi zonse amathandiza kupanga chikondwerero m'dziko kapena m'deralo. Chotupitsa chomera pamtunda mwanjirayi ndi chisankho chabwino, chifukwa chodzala ndi kusamalirako ndi zophweka, muyenera kungoyang'anitsitsa kokha kawiri pachaka ndipo chomera chidzakondweretsa mwiniwakeyo mokongola.
