Peonies - zokongola zokongola maluwa a mtundu wa herbaceous perennials. Amakondedwa ndi wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa chifukwa cha masamba obiriwira, maluwa okongola, maluwa ochuluka. Zomera zimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri - kuposa zikwi zisanu. Mmodzi wa iwo - pion wotchedwa "Sarah Bernard" tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Peony nkhani
Mitundu yokongola ya hybrid ili ndi mbiri yochititsa chidwi mbiri. Anabwera ndi wofalitsa wotchuka wa ku France Pierre Louis Victor Lemoine. Ndizopadera za manja a akatswiriwa - mitundu yambiri ya mapeyala ndi malagi - lero ndizopangidwe zojambulajambula.
Kuyenda pakati pa mitundu yambiri ya mitundu ya peonies ndi mitundu yambiri ya zomera, yofanana ndi mitengo. Ndiponso, mankhwala a peony amadziwika ndi mankhwala ake.
Chifukwa chake mu 1906 Pierre Lemoine adatchula mitundu yosiyanasiyana yowonjezereka pambuyo pa dzina la mkazi wake wotchuka wa dzikoli, Sarah Bernard, yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito filimuyo, atangoganizira chabe. Mwachionekere, iye, mofanana ndi a French ambiri ozindikira, adachita nawo masewera omwe adachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndipo adakondwera ndi kusewera kwake ndi kukongola kwake. Kotero, ine ndinkafuna kumutcha dzina lake limodzi la mitundu yokongola kwambiri, yomwe inamangidwa ndi iye mwiniwake. 
Monga Sarah wanzeru, peony, wotchulidwa ndi iye, nthawi zonse amakopa chidwi, ngakhale ngati chiri ndi maluwa ena, ndipo ndizofanana ndi luso lazamaluwa. Makhalidwe ake okongoletsera, maluwawo anapatsidwa mphoto ya Chingelezi ya Munda wa Royal Horticultural Society (RHS). Ndipo lero, pion zosiyanasiyana "Sarah Bernard" alimi maluwa ndi obereketsa udindo pakati yabwino mitundu pinki.
Mukudziwa? Mu chikhalidwe cha Chitchaina, pion inayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama panthawi ya ulamuliro wa Qin ndi Han dynasties (pafupifupi 200 BC). Komabe, sizingatheke aliyense amene akufuna, koma ndi olemera okha a ku China. Zinali zoletsedwa kuti anthu a ku China azichita zimenezo..
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Kudziwana ndi peony "Sarah Bernard" amayamba ndi kufotokoza za zosiyanasiyana. Iye kukula msinkhu - Maluwa amawonekera pa nthawi imene mitundu yambiri ya mitundu yayamba kugwedezeka. Maluwa "Sarah Bernard" mochuluka. Maluwawo ndi aakulu, okhala ndi masentimita 20, osakwatira.
Anakhala motalika (mpaka mamita okwera) amphamvu zimayambira zosagwira ku malo ogona. Petals mu maluwa theka-kawiri ndi terry. Mtundu waukulu wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi pinki yofiira ndi malire a siliva. Masiku ano, amasonyezanso makope oyera, ofiira, kirimu, achikasu. Kutalika kwa maluwa a peony ndi pafupifupi mwezi ndi theka. 
Zodabwitsa za izi zosiyanasiyana ndizo iye sasintha masamba a chikasu, ndi kukhala wokongola mu chilimwe, mpaka kugwa kwa kapezi. Zili zofanana ndi maluwa, zazikulu, zogawidwa, zotseguka. Mu mtundu - wobiriwira wakuda. Chomera chimalolera kuzirala kwachisanu. Chifukwa cha chitonthozo ndi kupulumuka kwake, zidzakhala zofunikira kudula masamba mu kugwa.
M'maonekedwe okongola, Sarah Bernard amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapiri ndi osakaniza. Amabzalidwa okha ndi magulu. Gwiritsani ntchito podulidwa ndi maluwa.
Kumene angabzala peony
Peony imasiyanitsidwa ndi kuphweka kwake. Zimanenedwa kuti zingathe kukula popanda mavuto ndi chisamaliro chapadera kwa zaka makumi atatu, ndipo makumi asanu ndi awiri a zaka makumi asanu ndi atatu (100) amatha zaka 80. Koma pofuna kuwonjezera kukongoletsa kwa udzu wa udzu, m'pofunikira kusunga zofunikira zina ndikukwaniritsa zokonda zomwe zimamera pamene mukudzala ndi kusamalira.
Yang'anani moyang'anizana ndi udzu wokongola. Mungathe kukhalanso munda wobiriwira: mu kasupe chitsamba cha peonies chidzakhala chokongoletsedwa ndi galantuses, irises, crocuses; m'chilimwe - mphiri, kakombo, pelargonium, mulunguia, zinnia, petunias, komanso kumapeto kwa autumn iwo adzaloledwa ndi phloxes, asters, chrysanthemums.
Kuunikira ndi malo
Peony - chomera icho amakonda kuwala. Choncho, chifukwa chokhazikika ayenera kusankha malo abwino omwe mthunzi umatha kugwera masana. Ngati mutabzala chitsamba mumthunzi, zimakutsutsani zokondweretsa maluwa ake - sizidzangowatulutsa. 
Mtundu wa dothi
Nthaka yabwino yobzala idzakhala low acid acid loam. Ngati dothi limakhala m'nthaka yomwe mukufuna kudzala udzu wa Sarah Bernard, ndiye kuti mchenga uyenera kuwonjezeredwa. Pankhani ya mchenga waukulu muyenera kupanga dongo.
Nthaka yomwe ili ndi pH mlingo waukulu musanadzale duwa iyenera kukhala miyala ya limestone kuti mukhale ndi acidity yabwino (300-350 g / 1 sq. M). Dothi lonyowa, dothi, nthaka yowonongeka, ndi zowoneka pansi pamadzi ndizitsamba za kubzala pions.
Mukudziwa? Ku Greece, iwo amakhulupirira kuti peony ingathandize ndi matenda 20, choncho imayenera kukulira m'mabwalo a nyumba zonsezi. Mpaka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, chomeracho chinagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala komanso ngati chakudya chokoma.
Kudzala ndi kuswana malamulo
Peony nthawi zambiri imafalitsidwa kudula, kudula chitsamba ndi kuika. Chophweka kwambiri komanso chothandiza - kugawidwa kwa chitsamba, chomwe chiyenera kuchitika mu August ndi September.
Pofalitsa pion motere, chitsamba chiyenera kufulidwa. Kenaka mudule pamtunda wa masentimita 10 kuchokera muzu. Sambani mizu pansi pa madzi ndi malo pamalo amdima kuti muumitse ndi kumera.
Pofika pamtunda muyenera kusankha delenka, yomwe ilipo ziwiri kapena zitatu masamba ndipo muzuke mpaka 10 cm masentimita. Musanayike pa nthaka, izo zidzafuna disinfection. Choyamba muyenera kuziyika kwa theka la ora mu chidebe ndi yankho la adyo kapena njira yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate.
Pambuyo pake, kugawa kwa maola 12 kuyenera kuyikidwa mu njira ya "Heteroauxin" (piritsi 1/10 l madzi). Pambuyo pochotsa zokololazo kuchokera ku njirayi, ziyenera kuyanika bwino, ndipo zigawo ziyenera kuikidwa ndi makala. Ndipo pambuyo pokhapokha mutha kupita kumalo osuntha.
Pansi pa dzenje lolowera kuti muike mchenga. Madzi amadzimadzikamo kwambiri kuti mtundawo usapitike masentimita asanu (ziwiri kapena zitatu), zozama kapena zofooka kwambiri zimakhala chifukwa chake zomera zimakana kuphulika.
Kuyala zinthu zokhala ndi nthaka komanso madzi okwanira. Kuti mbeuyo ipitirire bwino, iyenera kukhala yodetsedwa ndi 5-7 masentimita wosanjikiza wa peat. M'chaka, pamene mphukira zofiira zikuwoneka ndikukula pang'ono, mulch akhoza kuchotsedwa. Popeza peony baka amakonda kufalitsa, mtunda wa pakati pa mabowo ayenera kukhala osachepera mita imodzi.
Pakuika pamalo osatha, dzenje lopangidwa ndi cube limakonzedwa 60 x 60 x 60 masentimita. Zoposa theka ladzaza ndi zosakaniza za nthaka, zomwe zimakonzedwa kuchokera ku peat, dziko lapansi, mchenga, humus. Zonsezi zigawo zimatengedwa mofanana.
Phokoso limapangidwa ndi mafupa (0,5 makilogalamu), kawiri superphosphate (0,4 makilogalamu), sulphate yachitsulo (supuni imodzi), phulusa (1 l), potashi (supuni imodzi). Mbali yopanda kanthu ya dzenje ili ndi nthaka ya m'munda. Kufika pang'ono chophatikizidwa ndi madzi ambiri.
Maluwa oyambirira pambuyo pa kusindikizidwa ayenera kuyembekezedwa zaka ziwiri kenako.
Ndikofunikira! Kufika ndi kuziika peony ziyenera kuchitika kokha m'dzinja.
Kusamalira bwino mitundu
Peonies amafunika pafupifupi osasamala. Ntchito zazikulu zomwe zimayenera kuchitika ndi kuthirira, kuthirira, kutulutsa nthaka, feteleza, kudula m'nyengo yozizira.
Popeza mapesi a "Sary Bernard" ali amphamvu, samagwa, amakhomeredwa ndi zidutswa. Kotero, mosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri ya mitundu, Garter ndi chithandizo sichifunikira.
Momwe mungadzamwe madzi
Kuponya kawirikawiri sikufunika. Pa nthawi yomwe masamba ake amangirika, kukula kumakhala kosavuta, ndipo zimakhala zokwanira kuti kamodzi kamodzi pa sabata kamve kamodzi pamlungu maluwa. Nthawi zina mungathe kumwa madzi pang'ono.
Kuthirira kumakhala kochuluka - zitsulo zitatu kapena zinayi pa chitsamba chimodzi. Nkofunika kuti madzi madzulo kuti madontho a madzi asawonongeke pamasamba ndi pambali. Pambuyo ulimi wothirira uyenera kumasulidwa. 
Kodi manyowa
Ngati chomeracho chibzalidwa m'nthaka yoyenera malinga ndi malangizowo, ndiye chaka choyamba, komanso kwa zaka zingapo zotsatira, sizikusowa feteleza.
M'tsogolomu, peonies adzafunika manyowa katatu pachaka: mu kasupe, chilimwe ndi autumn. Chapakatikati mwa mwezi wa June, tchire liyenera kukhala ndi umuna wothetsera mululu kapena mapiritsi a mbalame (3 malita pa chitsamba).
Kumayambiriro kwa autumn, superphosphate iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pansi (supuni imodzi pa chidebe cha madzi otetezedwa). Chitsamba chimodzi chidzafuna chidebe chimodzi cha feteleza. Mu kasupe, dothi liyenera kukhala lopangidwa ndi masentimentimentimita a peat kapena zinthu zina zogwiritsira ntchito ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku phulusa.
Ntchito zosamalira zidzafunikanso. kulamulira nthawi zonse namsongole, kuchotsa maluwa inflorescences ndi kudulira kwa zimayambira ndi masamba m'nyengo yozizira.
Ndikofunikira! Chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti chichotseni maluwa a inflorescences, mwinamwake, otsalira kuthengo, amatha kuyambitsa matenda a fungal..Kumapeto kwa autumn, masamba ndi zimayambira ayenera kudula, kusiya utomoni 10-15 masentimita wamtali. Zomera zazikulu sizikusowa pokhala.
Mmene mungathetsere mavuto
Pa mavuto omwe angathe kumvetsetsa ndi odyetsa odwala ndi matenda komanso kusowa kwa maluwa. Zifukwa zazikulu, monga lamulo, amanama pa chisamaliro cholakwika kapena kubwerera. Tiyeni tiwone momwe mavutowa angakhudzire.
Matenda omwe amaoneka ngati dzimbiri ndi dzimbiri, nkhungu, imelo.
Kufalikira kwa matenda oyambirira kumapangitsa kuti nthaka iwonongeke, kuphatikizapo nyengo yamvula. Grey kuvunda kawirikawiri amachititsa zitsanzo zing'onozing'ono pamene akulowa muchithunzi chokula. Zimakhudza masamba, zimayambira komanso zopanda maluwa. Choyamba, patina imapanga mawonekedwe pamunsi mwa tsinde. Pambuyo pake, zimakhala zovuta, zimachepetsanso kenako zimagwa pansi. 
Kuti asalole matendawa ku peonies, kumayambiriro kasupe tchire ndi nthaka m'nkhalango zamadera ayenera kuchitidwa ndi Bordeaux osakaniza (3 malita pa chitsamba). Mungayesenso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochizira - mankhwala ndi adyo yankho (mutu umodzi wokhala ndi madzi okwanira 2 malita). Kupopera mbewu kumayenera kuchitika mu gawo la maonekedwe a impso ndi masabata awiri mutatha kuchiza.
Matenda owopsa kwambiri a peonies ndi dzimbiri. Pewani zizindikiro zake sizidzatheka - ndi mabala a bulauni pamasamba, omwe, monga lamulo, amapangidwa pambuyo pa maluwa. Masamba amenewa adzafunika kudulidwa ndikuwotchedwa. Kupewa kudzakhala mu ntchito zomwezo monga kuvila imvi. 
Mosaic - Matenda a tizilombo omwe sachiritsidwa. Zimasonyezedwa ndi mawanga obiriwira ndi mabala achikasu pamasamba. Tchire toyambitsa matenda ayenera kuchotsedwa ndi kutenthedwa. 
Zifukwa zomwe pions akusowa maluwa zingakhale zingapo:
- Malo osasunthika osankhidwa - chitsamba chiyenera kuikidwa pa chiwembu chofanana ndi zomwe zimakonda zomera;
- Kudzala kwakukulu kwambiri kumadzinso ndi mizu yaing'ono yomwe singathe kupirira ntchito yodyetsera mphukira. Mungathe kuthetsa vutolo ndi magawano atsopano ndikuwongolera mwatsopano;
- Kusinthasintha kawirikawiri ndi magawano - chomeracho chiyenera kuikidwa ndi kuzigawidwa kamodzi kamodzi pa zaka zinayi kapena zisanu;
- zoyenera - zozama kwambiri kapena zopanda pake;
- chitsamba chiri ndi zaka zolimba - ziyenera kugawanika;
- nthaka yowawa kwambiri;
- kusakwanira feteleza;
- kusowa kwa potaziyamu padziko lapansi;
- matenda aakulu ovunda kapena nyengo yowonongeka;
- kuthirira madzi okwanira;
- Kuwonongeka kwa mizu ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timataya timadzi timene timayambitsa matendawa.
- Chomeracho chatenga matenda a tizilombo - chiyenera kuchotsedwa ndi kutenthedwa.
Mitundu yamakono
Sarah Peard "Peonies" anawonetsa mitundu yambiri ndi mawonekedwe. Zotchuka kwambiri ndi maluwa a mitundu yofiira ndi yoyera.
Peony "Sarah Bernard Red" amapanga masamba aang'ono pang'ono kuchokera kwa mbadwa zake - pafupifupi masentimita 15 m'mimba mwake. Inde, ndipo kutalika kwa chitsamba sikuposa 85 cm. 
Komabe, ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira wofiira kwambiri komanso zonunkhira zokoma kotero kuti amakopa chidwi pa malo oyamba. Masamba ali ndi mdima wobiriwira, wotseguka. Mtundu uwu ndi wa maluwa a pakati pamapeto a maluwa.
Peony "Sarah Bernard White" amapereka maluwa okongola onunkhira bwino. Mphukira yomwe iye ali nayo mosiyana-yosiyana - kuchokera pamphepete kuti ikhale ngati maluwa. Mimba ya maluwa ndi yaing'ono - 15-17 masentimita. Pa peduncles nthawi zambiri pali ziwiri kapena zitatu masamba. Tsamba likufalikira mochedwa. 
Limamasula mu May - June, wochuluka komanso wautali. Chitsamba chimakula pafupifupi pafupifupi masentimita 80 mpaka 90. Masambawo ndi osakanikirana ndipo amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Peony "Sarah Bernard" woyera amadziwika ndi mkulu wachisanu hardiness ndi kukana ambiri peony-odwala matenda.
Ngati tsopano mukufunafuna pion yofunika, ndiye tikukulangizani kuti muzimvetsera "Sarah Bernard". Chitsamba chokongola ndi chokongoletsera chiyenera kukongoletsa malo alionse ndipo chidzakondweretsa mwiniwakeyo ndi maluwa okongola, owala komanso otalika kwa zaka zoposa khumi. Ubwino wake ndi wolemera mitundu, kudzichepetsa, mkulu yozizira hardiness ndi ochuluka maluwa.
