Chomera chokongola cha agapanthus, chomwe chimatchedwanso African kapena Nile kakombo, chidzakhala chokongoletsera cha munda wanu ndi nyumba. Kutanthauzidwa kuchokera ku dzina lachi Greek kumatanthauza "maluwa achikondi" ("agape" - chikondi ndi "anthos" - maluwa). Poyamba, malingaliro a asayansi kuti ndi mtundu uti umene umaphatikizapo chomera ichi chosatha cha Africa (iwo anali nthumwi za Lily, ndi Amaryllis, ndi mabanja a anyezi), amasiyana, koma lero ndi mitundu yosiyana yosiyana, yomwe imatchedwa flower - Agapant. Dziko lakwawo ndi South Africa, kumene, kuthengo, limakula makamaka m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi pamapiri.
Agapanthus
Agapanthus ndi chomera chokoma kwambiri, chomwe chimakhala chobiriwira. Maluwawo ali ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa a masamba ndi mtunda wautali, womwe umapangitsa nthumwiyi kuti ikhale yosiyana, komanso maluwa okongola kwambiri.
Makhalidwe akulu omwe amafotokoza maonekedwe a agapanthus:
- mizu: wamphamvu, minofu;
- rhizome: zokwawa, zochepa;
- masamba: chokwanira, kusonkhanitsa muzitsulo;
- mawonekedwe a tsamba: zowonjezereka, zonga lamba;
- peduncle: yaitali (mpaka mamita 1.5), wakuda;
- mtundu wa maluwa: zoyera, zodzala ndi buluu, lilac-buluu;
- mawonekedwe a inflorescence: mawonekedwe a ambulera;
- mawonekedwe a maluwa: chingwe;
- nyengo yamaluwa: kwa miyezi iwiri;
- nambala ya maluwa mu inflorescence: pafupifupi 150;
- kukula: malo otseguka (munda, pakhomo, bedi la maluwa), zinthu zam'chipinda (mphika, mmera).
Maonekedwe a masamba agapanthus amafanana ndi tsikuli, mitundu yomwe ili yotchuka kwambiri.
Mukudziwa? Malinga ndi nthano yakalekale, mtsikana wokongola kwambiri ankakhala ku Ethiopia. Kwa nthawiyi, onse m'fukoli ankakhala mwamtendere komanso mwamtendere. Koma mtsikanayo atagonjera Chikristu ndipo adatsutsa zofuna za anthu amtundu wake, Abyssini anakwiya ndipo anamupha. Kumalo a imfa yake duwa linakula, ngati kuti likuwonetsa kukongola kwake kokongola. Kuyambira kale, chomera ichi chimaonedwa ngati chizindikiro cha mwayi ndi zochuluka.
Kusamalira ndi kukwera
Kuti mbeuyo ikhale yoyenera m'munda ndi m'nyumba, imayenera kupereka zinthu zina: kutentha ndi dzuwa, nthaka yowonongeka kapena nthaka yopanda ndale, komanso madzi okwanira nthawi zonse.
Kumalo otseguka
Ngati tikulankhula za kukula kwa agapanthus kumunda, chikondi chake pa nyengo yofatsa chimasonyeza kusagwirizana ndi kuzizira. Ndi kusintha kulikonse kwa nyengo pambali yotsatila + 10 ° C malo ogona amafunikira. Izi zikhoza kukhala bokosi lowazidwa ndi utuchi, miyala yamtengo wapatali kapena mchenga.
Agapanthus angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati maluwa olepheretsa. Cholinga ichi ndi choyenera: zhivuchka, central bleaching, balsam, asters, mabelu, maluwa a chigwa, chrysanthemums, mordovnik, arabis, gravilat.
M'madera otentha kwambiri, chisanu cha agapanthus chimakumbidwa, chimayikidwa mu bokosi losiyana ndi chipinda chozizira, ndipo masikawo amabwezeretsedwa kumunda.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati kulibe okwanira kwa malo omwe agapanthus yabzalidwa, peduncle imatambasula kwambiri moti imawopseza, kotero iyenera kukankhidwa kapena kumangirizidwa.Mfundo zoyenera kubzala agapanthus ndikumusamalira pamalo omasuka:
- nthaka yobzala: chisakanizo cha humus, nthaka ya dothi, chitsulo cholimba cha humus ndi mchenga (chiwerengero - 2: 2: 1: 1);
- Kuunikira kokwanira kwa munda: kumwera, kumadzulo kapena kum'mawa-kumbali kumbali ndi kumwera kwa dzuwa popanda kuwala kwa dzuwa;
- Kukula bwino ngakhale nyengo yoziziritsa (kutentha kwa + 10-12 ° ะก), ngakhale kuti agapanthus ndi chomera chofewa komanso chofewa;
- palibe chofunikira choonjezeramo kutsuka / kupopera mbewu kwa masamba - chomera chimagwira bwino ndi mpweya wouma muzomwe zili mkati komanso m'munda;
- ambiri kuthirira kuchokera kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka m'ma autumn, pang'onopang'ono kuchepa monga isanayambike ozizira nyengo.
Ndikofunikira! Agapanthus ali m'munda ndi malo amkati amatulutsa mpweya wokhazikika, womwe umamenyana ndi mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana. Kuonjezerapo, zomera zimatsuka bwino danga lazitsulo zamphamvu.
Kunyumba
Mfundo zoyenera kuziwonera mutabzala agapanthus ndi kumusamalira kunyumba:
- malo otsetsereka - poto kapena mbiya yaikulu;
- ngalande pansi pa zidutswa kapena miyala ya miyala;
- m'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa mpweya sikuyenera kupitirira +15 ° C, madzi kawirikawiri, kumangoyambitsa nthaka mochepa kuti asawume mizu;
- kumapeto kwa nyengo, ndi bwino kuika mphika padzuwa kapena malo ena ndikuyamba kuthirira madzi ambiri mpaka m'mawa;
- m'chilimwe, agapanthus iyenera kuchitika pafupifupi tsiku lonse mpweya wabwino.
Mukudziwa? Asayansi asonyeza kuti phytoncides yomwe imatulutsidwa ndi agapanthus imathandizira kulimbana ndi majeremusi mofulumira komanso mogwira mtima kuposa anthu odziwika bwino omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi antibacterial mankhwala adyo.
Kuswana
Chomeracho chikhoza kufalikira m'njira zingapo: mbewu ndi kugawa mizu.
Mbewu
Ngati mukuganiza za kubala agapanthus kuchokera kumbewu kunyumba, ndiye kuti amafesedwa bwino mbande mu March. Kusakaniza kwa mchenga wodulidwa kapena kusakaniza kwa dothi ndi mchenga kuli koyenera ngati dothi. Mbewu mopepuka yokonzedwa ndi nthaka, kenako imadzazidwa ndi galasi.
Ndikofunikira! Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti nthaka siuma: nthawi zonse mutsegule galasi ndikudyetsanso nthaka.Poyendetsa bwino (pafupifupi mphindi 30 tsiku lililonse) ndi kusungunula nthaka pakufunika, mudzaonetsetsa kukula kwa mbande. Zomera zobiriwira zomwe zikuwonekera ndizisonyezo kuti ndi nthawi yowadzala miphika yosiyana ya masamba 3-4.
Njira yogawanitsa
Kubalana pogawaniza mizu kawirikawiri kumachitika pakabzala mbewu, koma pano Ena amalamulira, kutsatira zomwe zingathandize kukwaniritsa zotsatira zake:
- Afunika kusiyanitsa ziwalo za kukula kwa sing'anga, chifukwa mizu yaying'ono ingakhale yopinga maluwa;
- anabzala mizu yosiyana mu nthaka isanafike yonyowa;
- Mankhwala aakulu kwambiri kapena aakulu amagawaniza m'nyengo ya masika.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kukula ndi kukula kwa mbeu, mukhoza kuponyera makala amakolo mumabowo obzala.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Mwazirombo zomwe zingasokoneze chomera, Ambiri ndi awa:
- matenda a fungal (chifukwa - kuzizira ndi dampness, chithandizo - chithandizo ndi njira ya fungicide);
- kusamba kwa masamba (chifukwa - kulakwitsa mobwerezabwereza / kawirikawiri, mankhwala - kusintha kwa kuthirira);
- tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (angathe kuchotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito sopo wamba kusamba);
- slugs ndi misomali, makamaka yogwira usiku (kuchotsedwa ndi dzanja kapena kuwopsezedwa ndi kusinthika / kutayika kwa eggshell kuzungulira chomera).
Feteleza
Monga cholengedwa chilichonse chamoyo, agapanthus ayenera kulimbikitsa kukula kwake ndi chitukuko - kudyetsa. Njira yabwino yoyamaliramo zomera zimakhala nthawi zonse (masiku khumi ndi awiri) nthaka ya feteleza ndi mineral ndi organic components zomwe zingasinthidwe kuti zotsatira zabwino. Kupaka pamwamba kumapangidwa kuchokera pakati pa kasupe mpaka pakatikati pa autumn.
Kuwaza
Zonse zomwe zimapangidwira zomera ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala, mwinamwake kuwonongeka kwa mizu ya agapanthus kungapangitse kuti afe. Oimira ang'onoang'ono a zomera akhoza kuikidwa kamodzi pachaka m'chaka, komanso akuluakulu - osaposa kamodzi pa zaka zitatu. Zochitika za msinkhu wokalamba zimaloledwa kubzalapo zaka zisanu zilizonse, koma ndibwino kuti musakhudze iwo konse.
Zokongoletsera zipinda, malo obiriwira ndi mabedi, agapanthus akuphatikizidwa ndi lanthanum, heliotrope, fuchsia ndi zina zinyumba zomera.
Mitundu ndi mitundu (ndi zithunzi)
Kwa nthawi yaitali, asayansi sanatsutse ngati akusiyana kapena ayi kusiyanitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, popeza onse ndi ofanana. Mitundu yowonjezereka mu kulima izi zodabwitsa zosatha ndi izi:
- Agapanthus ambulera. Ndi shrub yokhala ndi mizu yambiri, yomwe imakula mpaka masentimita 70. Makonzedwe apadera a masamba a masamba obiriwira, grooved, omwe amachepetsedwa pamapeto ndiwo mbali ya zomera zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapatsa kukongola kwake. Mtundu wa maluwa umene umapezeka kumapeto kwa chilimwe uli wobiriwira.
Mukudziwa? Dzina lina la ambulantanti ambulanthus ndi ubwino wa Abyssinian.
- Eastern agapanthus amawoneka wokongola kwambiri chifukwa cha masamba owundana, omwe amakhala ophweka a mawonekedwe ozungulira. Mulikukula bwino, imatha kutalika kwa masentimita 60. Mu July-August, mukhoza kuona maluwa okongola a buluu ndi mthunzi wochepa.
- Agapanthus woboola bell yakhazikika, masamba ofanana, ndipo imatha kutalika kwa masentimita 15 okha (zochepa zosiyanasiyana). Limatuluka mu July-August ndi maluwa ovekedwa ndi belu a mtundu wakuda buluu kapena buluu. Ambiri amasintha mofulumira kuti asokoneze mikhalidwe.
Mitundu yapamwambayi ndi mitundu yodalirika kwambiri yobzala mbewu zakuthengo. Zomwe nyumba zimakhala bwino kwambiri:
- African agapanthus, yomwe inawonekera ku Ulaya zaka 1601-1700. Pa masamba a mtundu umenewu pali mzere woyera, ndipo umamasula ndi maluu a buluu ndi a buluu, kufika pamtunda wa masentimita 68.
- Mtundu wodutsa wa agapanthus waku Africa ndi wosawerengeka kalasi "Albus"ikufalikira ndi maluwa oyera.
