Melaleuka, kapena mtengo wa tiyi, ndi wa banja la mchisu, ndipo, ngakhale ali ndi dzina, alibe chochita ndi tiyi. Mitundu iyi imaphatikiza unyinji wamitundu (pafupifupi 200) mitengo yobiriwira ndi zitsamba.
Zambiri
Zachidziwikire kuti aliyense wobzala amaimira momwe mtengo wa tiyi umaonekera.
Ichi ndi chomera chachikulu chokongola nthawi zonse chomwe chimakula ndi msinkhu kukhala mtengo wawung'ono wobiriwira. Mitundu ina ya melaleuka imakhala ndi petioles lalifupi kwambiri, ena satero.
Mtengo wa tiyi
Masamba okhala ndi dzira amapezeka kudzera mbali imodzi. Maluwa onunkhira amaphatikizidwa ndi ma cylindrical kapena ozungulira inflorescence. Maluwa amakhala ndi gulu lalikulu la stamens. Kugwa kwa miyala ndi koyambirira kwenikweni kwa maluwa. Pambuyo pake, maluwa amatenga makapisozi olimba otsekedwa ndi mbewu zomwe zimatsamira mwamphamvu motsutsana ndi nthambi.
Mtengowo umakhala ndi khungwa lolakwika losawoneka bwino.
Zosangalatsa! M'mitundu ina, khungubwi limakonda kutuluka kuchoka pamtengowo ndi zopyapyala, koma m'malo mwake. Pachifukwa ichi, melaleuka adatchedwa dzina - mtengo wa bark.
Chofunikira china cha mtengo wa tiyi ndikuchiritsa kwake. Chomera chili ndi mafuta ofunikira omwe amalimbana mwachangu ndi majeremusi, ma virus ndi bowa.
Zowonjezera! Mu theka loyamba la zaka za zana la 20, mankhwala ovomerezeka anazindikira mphamvu yakuchiritsa ya melaleuka.
Melaleuka: chisamaliro chakunyumba
Pazokulima pakhomo, ndikofunikira kuti musankhe mitundu yaying'ono kwambiri yamtengo wa tiyi, chifukwa ndiosavuta kubzala komanso yosavuta kuwasamalira. Mwachitsanzo, amaphatikiza tsamba lamaleuka - membala wocheperako wa banja yemwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga bonsai.
Mtengowu watalika komanso masamba opapatiza ofanana ndi singano zopindika. Malinga ndi kuwunika kwa alimi a maluwa, melaleuka wamtunduwu ndiwofesa mbewu, koma kuti azikhala ndi maluwa pafupipafupi, amafunika kuyang'aniridwa bwino.
- Kuthirira
Kuthengo, melaleuka amakula m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ing'onoing'ono komanso m'malo otentha. Chifukwa chake, pamafunika kukonzanso mwadongosolo. Dothi likauma kwathunthu, mbewuyo ikhoza kufa. Komabe, kusayenda kwamadzi kumathanso kuvulaza mtengowo, chifukwa zimapangitsa kuti mizu yake izola.
Ndikofunikira kuthirira melaleuka ndi madzi ofewa. Kufewetsa madzi olimba kuchokera pampopi, acetic kapena citric acid (pang'ono) amawonjezeranso.
Ngati nyengo yachisanu ikakhala yabwino kwambiri, ndiye kuti kuthirira kumayenera kuchepetsedwa pang'ono. Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala mutayanika pang'ono pamtunda wa gawo lapansi.
- Dothi
Kukula mtengo wa tiyi, nthaka yopanda mbali kapena yotseka bwino nthaka yabwino.
Kupanga zosakaniza zadothi, ndikofunikira kusakaniza peat (magawo awiri) ndi nthaka ya turf (gawo 1) ndi mchenga (gawo 1).
Zofunika! Ngati dothi lakonzedwa kuti melaleleuka wokongola, ndiye kuti mchenga wambiri uyenera kuwonjezeredwa kumtunda.
- Feteleza
Mtengo wa tiyi umafunika kuvala mwa apo ndi apo. Kuyambira pakati pa kasupe mpaka pakati pa nthawi yophukira, kudyetsa ndikofunikira pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse.
Chifukwa cha izi, feteleza wa mchere amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amasakanikirana ndi madzi othirira mu gawo lomwe limafotokozedwa mu malangizo.
- Chinyezi
Kuti mukule melaleuka, chinyezi chofunikira chimafunikira. M'nyengo yozizira, zotengera zomwe zimakhala ndi mbeu siziyenera kusiyidwa pafupi ndi radiators.
Mtengowu umafunikira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito trays ndi dongo lonyowa kapena miyala.
Kusamalira Panyumba
Kudulira
Mtengo wa tiyi wamkati umafunika kudulira mwadongosolo pachaka. Mawonekedwe a mbewu atatha kutsatira njirayi amatha kukhala aliwonse, chifukwa zimatengera kukhumba kwa woperekayo.
Mtengowu umatha kusinthika kwambiri, motero umatha kuwumbidwa ngati chitsamba komanso ngati mtengo. Kuphatikiza apo, kudulira kumakupatsani mwayi kuti muchotse nthambi zomira, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawononga mawonekedwe a mbewu.
Mitengo yaying'ono sikufuna kudulira. Kuti zitheke bwino ma tchire, ayenera kumadula masentimita 10.
Tcherani khutu! Mukukula kwa mtengo, tsinde lililonse liyenera kudulidwa, kufikira kuti nthambi yofunikira ikakhazikitsidwa.
Gawani mitundu isanu yokha yamtengo wodulira. Amasiyana chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito aliyense wa iwo, mbewuyo imawoneka mosiyana.
Mitundu Yokopa:
- kutsatira;
- kuwala
- zakuya
- zolemetsa
- pansi pa muzu.
Kudulira model kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuthamangitsa kukula kwa masamba mu mbewu zazing'ono, kukonza ndikuwongolera nthambi, kukulitsa "mafupa" a mtengo, komanso kulimbitsa nthambi zouma ndi mapangidwe amiyala. Nthambi zoumbika zimalimbitsa tchire lambiri, zimakulitsa ndege yokhala chitsamba ndikuthandizira kupulumuka kutentha pang'ono panthawi yachisanu, zomwe zimakhudza bwino zipatso.
Kudulira kosavuta kumawonjezera chiwerengero cha impso. Udulira wamtunduwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito pazomera zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zithe kulimidwa - zipatso zamtunduwu. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti pambuyo panjira zingapo, impso zimafooka, ndipo ndi izi, mphamvu ya michere ya mbewuyi imachepetsedwa kwambiri. Munthawi imeneyi, kudula kofunikira kwambiri ndizovomerezeka kwambiri. Kuti izi zitheke, 10-15 masentimita a nthambi zimadulidwa ku zitsamba limodzi ndi masamba. Izi zimapangitsa mtengo wa tiyi kuthana mosavuta ndi kupsinjika, komanso zimathandizanso kupeza mphamvu.
Kudulira mtengo wa tiyi
Kudulira komanso kudulira kwamphamvu kumapangidwanso kuti ipangitsenso mbewuyo. Mitundu ina ya mitengo ikafika pamlingo winawake, imayamba kuwonetsa kukalamba. Pakadali pano, njira zochepa zokulira sizithandiza, chifukwa kufesa kwamphamvu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Pafupifupi masentimita 30 odulidwa kuzomera, ndipo ngati mtengowo ndi wamtali, mutha kudula pang'ono kukula kwake. Pakadwala matenda akuluakulu, chitsamba chimadulidwa kumizu, osapitirira 10 cm.Dulira zina zamtunduwu nthawi zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito musanazule mbewuyo.
Zinthu Zogulitsa
Mitengo ya tiyi yaying'ono ikupanga mwachangu, choncho amafunika kumuika pachaka. Zomera zazikulu, chimodzi chazomera mu zaka 2-3 zimadziwika kuti ndizofala.
Pogwiritsa ntchito njira ina iliyonse, muyenera kutola mphika watsopano wopitilira muyeso wapamwamba. Ngati kukula kwa melaleuka kuli kokulirapo, ndikofunikira kupanga kudulira kwamizu, ndikutsatira ndikusintha chidebe chatsopano.
Zofunika! Poika mbewu, madzi okwanira ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi dothi ziyenera kuphatikizapo peat (mbali ziwiri), mchenga (1 gawo) ndi malo owetera - dongo la timitengo tating'ono, masamba owuma ndi zotsalira za udzu (gawo limodzi).
Thirani muti
Njira zolerera
Pali njira ziwiri zofalitsira melaleuka mumphika: mbewu kapena kudula.
Mbewu
Pofuna kufalitsa mtengo wa tiyi ndi mbeu, muyenera kuchita izi:
- Thirani madzi owiritsa mumtsuko ndikunyowetsa mbewu zake. Kutalika kwa akuwukha - masiku atatu. Madzi amafunika kusinthidwa tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Tayani mbewu zomwe zinamera. Zitsani mbeu zotsalazo kukhala dothi loonda. Phimbani ndi filimu kapena galasi pamwamba.
- Konzani kupumula kwa theka la ora.
- Mukathirira, onetsetsani kuti dziko lapansi siluma ndipo silikuwunda.
- Pambuyo pa masabata 2-6, mphukira yoyamba iyenera kuchitika.
Kudula
Pankhani yofalitsika ndi odulidwa, njira ya zochita ili motere:
- Sankhani njira zingapo zopendekera mpaka 8 cm.
- Bzalani zodula mu vermiculite (yonyowa) ndikuziyika pamalo abwino.
- Zodula zitha kudyetsedwa phytohormones. Amathandizira kwambiri kukula.
- Chitani madzi pafupipafupi, pewani kuperewera kapena chinyezi chambiri.
Kuchiritsa katundu
Mtengo wa tiyi wofunikira mafuta ndi antiseptic wabwino, wodana ndi zotupa komanso wothandizira. Ili ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza, nazi zina zake:
- Imatsitsa kukhumudwa ndi kupsinjika. Melaleuka mafuta amathandizira ubongo, amalimbitsa kukumbukira ndikuthandizira kuzindikira kwamphamvu.
- Antibacterial, antiviral ndi antifungal katundu. Mafuta atha kukhala njira ina ngati njira ina yamankhwala ambiri ozizira ndi chimfine. Muli mankhwala omwe amalimbana ndi mabakiteriya, ma virus ndi bowa.
- Anti-yotupa ndi kusinthika mphamvu. Mafuta a mtengo wa tiyi amachepetsa kutupa ndikuwonjezera ntchito ya maselo oyera, omwe amathandiza kwambiri pochiritsa.
- Katundu wa antifungal. Mafuta ali ndi mankhwala omwe amalimbana ndi kukula ndi kufalikira kwa nkhungu pamasamba ndi zipatso.
- Antioxidant katundu. Mtengo wa tiyi wamafuta ofunikira, pakati pazinthu zina, uli ndi antioxidant.
Mphamvu zochiritsa za malekuki
Tcherani khutu! Pankhani ya tsankho la aliyense payekha, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ofunikira kumaletsedwa.
Ngakhale mtengo wa tiyi udakali chinthu chosowa kwambiri chomwe sichowonekera kawirikawiri kunyumba, munthu akhoza kudziwa zomwe zikuchitika kuti atchuke. Kuchulukirapo, pali olima m'minda omwe, pofunafuna zosowa, amasankha chomera ichi. Komabe, ochepa mwaiwo, ngakhale atabzala mumphika, amazindikira kufunikira kwa chuma ichi.
