Ambiri wamaluwa, wamaluwa amamvetsera mwatcheru chodzala ndiwo zamasamba, koma sakudziwa bwino kabichi pamalo otseguka. M'nkhani ino tidzakambirana za zofunikira za kusamalira masamba othandizawa, komanso kupereka malangizo pa feteleza nthaka.
Timapereka madzi okwanira
Mfundo yaikulu yosamalira masamba ndi kuthirira kwake. Pokhapokha mutachita njirayi moyenera, mukhoza kukwaniritsa zokolola zamtengo wapatali. Chinthu chabwino kwambiri kwa ichi ndi chipangizo chomwe chidzagawana madzi mozungulira m'derali, kuziwaza. Kumbukirani kuti ngakhale nyengo yochepa ya chilala ikhoza kuchititsa kuti kabichi ikhale yovuta ndikusiya kukula. 
Ndikofunikira! Gwiritsani ntchito ammonium nitrate kwa chakudya cha foliar panthawi yopanga mitu.Nthawi yoyamba mutabzala chomera amafunika kuthirira madzi ambiri. Kudiririra kumachitika nthawi imodzi mu masiku 2-3 kwa milungu iwiri, madzi akumwa pa 1 lalikulu. mita ndi 8 malita. Pambuyo pake, ndi bwino kuchepetsa kuthirira ndi kuthira nthaka kamodzi pa sabata. Pazithunzi 1. mamita panthawi yomweyo ayenera kupita 10-12 malita a madzi.
Kuthirira bwino kumachitidwa m'mawa kwambiri kapena madzulo. Kwa ulimi wothirira m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito madzi omwe kutentha kuli 18 ° C. 
Kutsegula ndi kusamalira nthaka
Kabichi imafuna kuti ikhale yokha chidwi chapadera Choncho, ndikofunikira kulima ndi kusamala kunja. Pambuyo mvula kapena ulimi wothirira, ndilololedwa kumasula kwa kuya kwa masentimita 5-8; Chochitikachi chikulimbikitsidwa kuti chichitidwe kamodzi pa masiku asanu ndi awiri. Pambuyo pa masiku 20 mutabzala, ndondomeko ya mapiri ikuchitika, yomwe imabwerezedwa pambuyo pa masiku 8-10. Zimathandizira kuti mapangidwe a mizu yowonongeka, motero, akamasula, ndikofunikira kuchita izi kutali ndi mutu.
Koposa zonse, kabichi idzakula mu nthaka yofewa, yotayirira ndi yunifolomu. Nthawi zambiri kumasula kumathandizira kuti nthaka ikhale ndi mpweya wabwino, womwe umakhudza chitukuko cha mbewu. 
Zomwe zimadyetsa kabichi mutabzala mu nthaka
Top dressing kabichi panja inachitidwa mu magawo anayi. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi wofunika kwambiri kwa chomera, chifukwa chimamupatsa kukula ndi kugwira ntchito pa siteji ina. Ndikofunika kuti manyowawo azitsatira malingana ndi nthawi yomwe yakhazikitsidwa komanso njira zotsimikiziridwa. Izi zidzakuthandizani mu kugwa kusonkhanitsa mbewu yaikulu ya mitu yolimba.
Choyamba
Kuvala koyamba Izi ziyenera kuchitika patatha masabata awiri mutabzala kabichi m'nthaka. Monga feteleza, mungagwiritse ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa mullein (chidebe 1 pa madzi 10 malita). Pansi pa chitsamba muyenera kutsanulira 0,5 malita a osakaniza. Ngati mulibe feteleza wamba, mungagwiritse ntchito mavitamini (20 g wa superphosphates ndi 20 g ya potaziyamu ndi urea). 
Mukudziwa? Madzi a kabichi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu cosmetology. Zili ndi mphamvu zowonongeka ndipo ndi mbali ya masikiti ambiri a nkhope.Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa momwe mungadyetse kabichi mutabzala pansi, popeza ndizovala zoyamba zomwe zimachokera patsogolo. Ngati mukudyetsa masamba musanayambe kubzala, chakudya choyamba sichingatheke, kuti asatenthe mizu ya mbewu.
Yachiwiri
Patapita masiku 30, muyenera kugwira feteleza wachiwiri. Pachifukwachi, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mullein kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito, chifukwa kumakhala ndi zotsatira zowonongeka pammera ndi kulilimbitsa. Ngati palibe mullein, yankho la nkhuku kapena nitrophosphate (max supuni 2 pa lita 10 za madzi) idzachita. 
Chachitatu
Kuvala katatu Chofunika kulimbikitsa mutu ndipo chiyenera kuchitika mu June. Kwa iye, mudzafunika kulowetsedwa kwa mullein, komwe muyenera kuwonjezera 30 g wa superphosphate pa 10 malita a kulowetsedwa. Kuti mugwire bwino ntchito, mukhoza kuwonjezera mlingo wa fetereza kwa 1.5 malita pa chitsamba. 
Chachinayi
Kutenga Chachinayi kudya njira zomwezo ndi zofunika. Komabe, ndi bwino kutero kokha ngati chomera chikufooka kapena chikuwoneka chikudwala.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti mukhale ndi tizilombo toononga kwambiri, chithandizochi chiyenera kuchitika osati kokha kabichi, komanso pafupi ndi minda ya masamba.
Chovala chachinayi chiyenera kuchitika chifukwa cha mitundu yochedwa - izi zidzasunga kusunga masamba nthawi yaitali. Potaziyamu sulfide (40 g pa 10 l madzi) kapena mankhwala a phulusa (0.5 l pa 10 lita imodzi ya madzi) amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza. 
Kulimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo
Kusamalira kabichi kutchire kumaphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa tizirombo ndi matenda oletsa matenda. Kunyalanyaza matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mukhoza kutaya mbeu yonse. Ganizirani za matenda oopsa kwambiri.
Kila. Matendawa ndi owopsa kwambiri kabichi. Amasonyeza kukula kwa mizu, yomwe imayambitsa kuwonongeka kwake. Ngati munayamba kuona zowonongeka, kapena masamba omwe amayamba pang'onopang'ono, amafunika kuwadula, ndikuwaza malo omwe anabzalidwa. 
Kutulutsa mildew. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapezeka pa zomera zazing'ono. Masambawa amadzala ndi maluĊµa a imvi pamtunda. Kulimbana ndi matendawa pogwiritsa ntchito boric acid (500 ml pa 10 malita a madzi). 
Fusarium Pamaso pa matendawa pa kabichi mawanga a chikasu kuonekera, ndi nthawi yonse masamba akuuma. Kudula kabichi, mudzawona mawanga a bulauni, ndipo mutuwo udzakhala wochepa kwambiri komanso wosasintha. Kuti muchotse matendawa, muyenera kuchotsa masamba omwe anakhudzidwa.
Mukudziwa? Kabichi imachokera ku liwu lakale lachi Greek lakuti "kalutum", lomwe limatanthauza "mutu" ndipo limafotokoza bwino momwe mawonekedwe a masamba akuonekera.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingathe kuwononga mbewu zambiri. 
Aphid Amaperekedwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta mtundu woyera. Nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi pa pepala. Nsabwe za m'masamba zimamwa madzi a kabichi, chifukwa chake mbewu imamwalira nthawi. Chizindikiro choonekera cha aphid akuukira masamba opotoka ndi owuma. Kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndiko kugwiritsa ntchito tizirombo - "karbofos", "Iskra". Mukhozanso kupanga njira ya fumigation ndi fodya, kuthirira kuchokera ku kulowetsedwa kwa anyezi peel kapena adyo. 
Kabichi ntchentche. Mu maonekedwe, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizimasiyana kwambiri ndi ntchentche yamba, yomwe imaphatikizapo kuzindikira kwake. Mu Meyi, ntchentche imayamba kuika mazira m'nthaka, ndipo patapita sabata imodzi imawoneka mphutsi yomwe idya mizu ya mbewu. Mukhoza kupeza kuti kabichi inayambidwa ndi ntchentche ingapezeke pa masamba osweka a mdima wakuda. Mukhoza kumenyana ndi ntchentche mothandizidwa ndi njira ya Tiofos 30%, ndikuyikweza ndi madzi. Chitsamba chimodzi chimafuna mlingo wa 250 g. 
Kuti mupeze mbewu zabwino ndi zathanzi, muyenera Musamalire kabichi mutabzala. Tsopano mwaphunzira zonse zokhudza zochitika zolima masamba, ndipo ngati mukufuna, mukhoza kuzigwiritsa ntchito m'munda wanu.
