Peyala ndi mtengo wokongola umene ukhoza kukhala wokongola m'munda uliwonse.
Koma chofunika kuchita chiyani pamene mtengo wokondedwa wa munthu umangomenya mwadzidzidzi ndi nkhanambo?
Kodi ndi zoopsa ndipo zimachokera kuti?
Scab - Matenda amodzi a fungal, omwe amapezeka m'mitengo yozizira. Wothandizira matendawa ndi bowa la marsupial Venturia pirina. Choopsa ndi chakuti maluwa a chomera ndi matendawa sangathe kupanga ovary ndi kugwa.
Mukudziwa? Ndi kovuta kukhulupirira, koma wachibale wapafupi kwambiri wa peyala ndi duwa.
Ngati mwaphonya mbendera iyi ndipo musadwale peyala, nkhanambo imapita ku masamba a mtengo ndipo imatha kuphwanyidwa. Zonsezi zimakhudza ubwino wa zokolola zam'mbuyo mtsogolo, chifukwa chipatsochi chimayikidwa molakwika. Ngati zomera zomwe zimabereka zipatso zimakhala ndi nkhanambo, ndiye kuti mdima wandiweyani ndi pachimake umawoneka pa zipatso, ndikuwononga kukoma kwa chipatso. 
Phunzirani momwe mungagwirire ndi bakiteriya kutentha, dzimbiri, ndi nthata zomwe zimagunda peyala.
Zizindikiro za kugonjetsedwa
Zizindikiro za matendawa zikhoza kuwonedwa zonse za pamwamba pa peyala - akuwombera, zipatso, maluwa ndi masamba. Matendawa atangoyamba kukula, mawanga ang'onoang'ono azungulira pambali, zomwe zimadetsedwa ndikugwa m'madera ena a chomera. Chithunzichi chili pansipa chikusonyeza zomwe matendawa akuwoneka. Ndi kukula kwa nkhanambo, chomeracho chimakhala ndi mabala akuluakulu a bulauni, ndipo pamwamba pa chipatso chaphulika. Chotsatira chake, zipatso zimakula pang'onopang'ono komanso zimakhala zakuya.
Mukudziwa? Mtengo wa peyala amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipando ndi zipangizo zoimbira. Komanso, zipangizo zamakono zimapangidwa ndi izo, chifukwa mtengo wotere sungatenge zofukiza ndipo sungathe kuwonongeka ndi chinyezi.
Njira zothandizira
Kuti musadabwe momwe mungadye nkhanambo pa peyala, muyenera kuteteza nthawi. Kumbukirani kuti kupewera kumapindulitsa ngakhale mbewuyo ili ndi thanzi labwino ndipo imabweretsa zokolola zabwino. Ndipotu, nthawi zonse pamakhala chiopsezo chotenga matendawa kuchokera kwa oyandikana nawo omwe ali pafupi. 
Nkhumba - matenda omwe amakhudza mbewu zambiri: apulo, apricot, chitumbuwa, chitumbuwa, phulusa la mapiri, nyanja ya buckthorn, msondodzi, mbatata.
Malamulo akuluakulu otetezera mapeyala pa nkhanambo:
- Chomeracho chiyenera kumera pamalo okwera bwino komanso okwera mpweya. Ndibwino kuti mitengo ikhale kutali kwambiri.
- Ndikofunika kufufuza kukhulupirika kwa mtengo, chifukwa nthambi zosweka ndi ming'alu yambiri ndiyo maziko a chitukukochi.
- Nthawi zonse (kamodzi pa chaka) m'pofunika kuchotsa nthambi zofooka ndikuyendetsa ming'alu ndi madzi apadera.
- Zipatso zomwe zimagwa pa peyala ziyenera kusonkhanitsidwa nthawi yomweyo kuti zisawe zisagwere pa iwo.
- Pambuyo pokolola zokolola zonse, nkofunika kuti muzitsuka mwambo wamaluwa. Choncho, muyenera kutentha masamba onse, chifukwa amatha kukhala chifukwa cha matenda.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati zizindikiro za matendawa zakhala zikuwonekera kale, njira zothandizira sizingathetse vutoli. Pankhaniyi, mugwiritse ntchito chida chapadera cha nkhanambo pa peyala.
Mmene mungagwirire ndi "mliri"
Matenda alionse m'mitengo amafunika zovuta, ndipo nkhanambo ndizosiyana. Kuti mupite kamodzi kuchotsa matendawa ayenera:
- spray mbewu ndi vitriol ya buluu kuphatikiza ndi laimu. Kuchita chochitika choterocho chiyenera kukhala kangapo pachaka. Komanso, zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito kupopera mankhwala Bordeaux madzi (mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mkuwa oxychloride kapena colloidal sulfure) ndi mkuwa sulphate;
- Nthawi zonse tengani mbali zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi mtengo (makamaka ngati mphukira zazing'ono);
- kuononga zipatso zowonongeka.
Sikokwanira kudziŵa zomwe muyenera kuchiza mapeyala pa nkhanambo, chifukwa palinso ndondomeko yowonongeka kwa mtengo. Pa milandu yovuta, mtengo umafuna 5 mankhwala pa chaka:- Pamene impso zikungopanga ndi kutupa. Chithandizo cha sulphate cha Copper chikulimbikitsidwa.
- Mphukira imayamba kupanga. Chowombera bwino "Skor."
- Mbewu ikaleka kuphuka. Apanso, "Skor" ya fungicide ndi yabwino.
- Theka la mwezi mutatha chithandizo chotsiriza.
- Kupopera mbewuyi kumapangidwa m'nyengo yozizira kumayambiriro kwa autumn kapena kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Ndikofunikira! Kumbukirani kuti ndi koyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, chifukwa kupopera mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwira ntchito sikungathandize.
Mitundu yotsutsa
Kuti musaganize za momwe mungagwirire ndi nkhanambo pa peyala, mutha kubzala mitundu yomwe ikulimbana ndi matendawa. Choncho, posankha mbande, munthu ayenera kumvetsera mitundu yotsatirayi: "Kutchedwa Belarusian Late", "Annushka", "Yanvarskaya", "Rusanovskaya", "Oryol Beauty", "Yesininskaya", "Nerussa" ndi ena. Mitundu yonseyi imakhala yosiyana kwambiri ndi matendawa ndipo sungapereke zenizeni zenizeni kuti nkhanambo sidzawonekera pa iwo.
Werengani za zochitika za kukula ndi fruiting mitundu: "Duchess", "Bergamot", "Avgustovskaya Dew", "Fairy Tale", "Otradnenskaya", "Elena", "Lada", "Maria", "Nika", "Severyanka" "," Krasulya "," Rogneda "," Kokinskaya "," Marble "," Cathedral ".
Kumbukirani, kuti mukule bwino zokolola ndikusunga mapeyala anu, muyenera kuchita njira zothandizira nthawi zonse. Pakakhala kuti bowa lagunda kale mbewu, nkofunika kuti muyambe kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowonongeka. Poyamikira chifukwa cha chisamaliro chanu, mitengo idzakondweretsa inu ndi kukongola kwawo, moyo wautali ndi zipatso zokoma.
