Mbalame ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri ya chikhalidwe cha Russian, mwanjira ina amatha kutchulidwa kuti ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zake. Podziwa izi, aliyense wokhala m'nyengo ya chilimwe adzakongoletsa chiwembucho ndi chithandizo cha mtengo uwu, akulowa mu Russia. Komabe, birch ndi mtengo womwe umatchulidwa polymorphism, m'mawu osavuta, ndi mitundu yosiyana siyana. Nkhaniyi ikufuna kukufotokozerani mitengo yabwino kwambiri kuti izi zitheke.
Warty (hung)
Birch Wart ndi mitundu yambiri ya mitengo iyi. Amatha kukula mpaka kukula kwa mamita 25-30 ndipo ali ndi thumba lozungulira mpaka masentimita 85. 
Malo okula a birch ndi ochuluka kwambiri ndipo akuphatikizapo gawo lonse la Europe, North Africa ndi Asia. Ambiri mwa iwo angapeze gawo limodzi ndi Kazakhstan, ndi lina - ndi mapiri a Ural.
Mitunduyi imakhala ndi chisanu chabwino, imakhala yosavuta kumenyana ndi nyengo youma, koma imasonyeza kuwonjezeka kwa dzuwa.
Mukudziwa? M'chaka, chidebe choposa chimodzi cha birch sap chingachoke ku sing'anga-kakulidwe birch pa tsiku.
Mitengo yaing'ono ya mitundu iyi ili ndi makungwa a bulauni, omwe, akafika zaka khumi, amasintha kumsika woyera. Gawo lakuya la mitengo yokhwimitsa pamapeto pake limakhala lakuda ndipo liri ndi makina aakulu. 
Nthambi iliyonse ya birch imadzazidwa ndi kuchulukira kwa kuchulukitsa, komwe kuli maonekedwe ofanana ndi mapulaneti, ndipo dzina la mtengo umenewu umachokera kuno. Ndipo adapeza dzina lakuti "kupachikidwa" chifukwa cha malo a nthambi za mitengo yambiri kuti agone.
Pepala
Mtengo umawoneka ngati mtengo wa birch.
Mukhozanso kukongoletsa chiwembu chanu pogwiritsa ntchito mitengo monga hornbeam, maple a ku Japan, mapiramidi, pine, elm, mapulo ofiira, phulusa, msondodzi.Mtengo wovutawu, womwe uli ndi pafupifupi mamita 20 (nthawi zina kufika mamita 35) ndi thunthu, lomwe limafika mamita 1. Malo a chilengedwe amangokhala ku North America.
Minda yamtengo wapatali imapezeka ku Western Europe. Kumadera a Russia amapezeka makamaka m'mapaki, m'minda yamaluwa komanso m'mapiri. Dzinali linayamba chifukwa chakuti Amwenye akale ankagwiritsa ntchito makungwa ake ngati mabuku. 
Korona imakhala yopanda malire, nthambizo zimakhala zoonda komanso zitalizitali.
M'maganizo omwe msinkhu wawo sunadutse malire a zaka zisanu, makungwawo ndi ofiira ndi mphodza zoyera. Anthu akuluakulu ali ndi khungwa loyera, nthawi zina ali ndi pinkish tinge, omwe ali ndi nsalu zofiirira kapena zachikasu, ndipo amachotsedwa ndi mbale zopanda malire.
Nthambi zazing'ono zimadzipeputsa okha ndipo sizinayambe kuziyika zofiira zamtundu wobiriwira kapena zobiriwira. M'kupita kwa nthawi, nthambi zimakhala zofiira, zonyezimira komanso zimasiya pubescence.
Cherry
Mtundu uwu umakhala ndi dzina lake chifukwa cha mtundu wa makungwa ake, omwe ali ndi bulauni, pafupifupi chitumbuwa cha mthunzi. Mtengo uwu ukhoza kukula mpaka mamita 20-25 mu msinkhu ndipo umakhala ndi thunthu mpaka masentimita 60. 
Malo a chilengedwe amapezeka ku North America ndi mayiko a Kum'mawa kwa Ulaya: Baltics, mbali yapakati ya Russia, ndi Belarus.
Mukudziwa? Mitengo iyi ili ndi mphamvu yabwino yoyeretsa mlengalenga kuchokera ku fungo losasangalatsa komanso zosafunika. Ndi chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mizere yokhotakhota pamsewu.
Makungwawa ali ndi kuchuluka kwa zopanda pake ndi rassechin mmalo mwake kukula kwakukulu. M'mitengo yaing'ono, khungwa limakhala ndi fungo losangalatsa komanso losalala. Mnyamata amawombera pang'ono, koma atakalamba amakhala opanda kanthu ndipo amakhala ndi zofiira zofiirira.
N'zochititsa chidwi kuti masamba a mitengo, komanso makungwa, amakhala ndi mtundu wofiira.
Daurskaya (wakuda)
Birchi ya Dahurian ili ndi zofuna zapadera pa nthaka, chotero kukhalapo kwa mtengo uwu pa tsamba ndi chizindikiro cha khalidwe lapadera la nthaka. Akufuna kukula kwake loamy nthaka ndi mchenga loam. 
Chomera chomerachi chimakhala cha 6 mpaka 18 mamita, ndipo thunthu limamera limatha kufika masentimita 60. Kukula kwa chilengedwe kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri ndipo kumaphatikizapo mbali ya kumwera ya Siberia, Mongolia, kum'mawa kwa Russia, madera ena a China, Japan ndi Korea.
Thunthu la mtengowo ndi lolunjika, zitsanzo zomwe zimakula m'madera akum'mwera a dziko lapansi zili ndi nthambi zomwe zimakhala pamtunda. Mitengo yomwe imakula kumtunda kwa kumpoto imakhala ndi korona yowonjezera.
Nkhono, mkungudza, mphesa zina ndi mapeyala, Persian lilac amakula bwino kwambiri kumpoto kwa latitudes.Makungwa a mitengo ikuluikulu imakhala ndi bulauni lakuda kapena lakuda, yomwe imakhala ndi ming'alu yambiri yautali, yotupa kwambiri komanso yosasunthika. Okhala nawo ali ndi nthambi za pabuka, pinki kapena zofiirira mtundu. Nthambizi zimakhala zokhala ndi mphodza zoyera.
Yellow (America)
Birch wa chikasu uli ndi zozizwitsa zina, zomwe zimakhala kuti mitundu iwiri yosiyanasiyana ya mtengo uwu imatchedwa kamodzi, imodzi mwa iyo imapezeka ku Asia, ndipo inayo imakhala ku North America. Gawoli likunena zachiwiri. 
Kutalika kwa zomera kumakhala pafupi 18-24 mamita, kukongola kwa thumba kumatha kufika mamita 1. Kumtchire, kumapezeka kumadera a kumpoto kwa America, pamtunda waukulu kwambiri kumbali zake zakumwera.
Ndikofunikira! Mbalameyi, mosiyana ndi ena onse, imamera masika kumapeto kwa nyengo, yomwe ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira malo anu osiyanasiyana poyerekeza ndi mitengo ina.
Mitundu imeneyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi kulekerera kwa mthunzi wamtambo; imakonda mabanki ndi mitsinje chifukwa cha kukula kwake. Lili ndi khungwa labwino kwambiri la golide kapena lachikasu-lauzira, lomwe limadzikongoletsa bwino kwambiri kuti liwombe, lomwe limaphimbidwa ndi ming'alu yautali yoyera.
Muzu uli wonyenga, nthambi zambiri. Mphukira yaing'ono imakhala yofiirira, ikafika zaka zakubadwa imakhala mphodza yoyera pamtunda.
Kutsika pang'ono
Mtengo uwu uli ndi tsamba laling'ono la masamba, 1.5-3 masentimita yaitali, rhombic-ovoid kapena obovate. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ndizochepa poyerekeza ndi ena a m'banja lawo, ndi mamita 4-5 okha. 
Thupi lozungulira limakhala loposa 35-40 masentimita. Malo okhala ndi mitunduyi ndi a ku Western Siberia ndi kumpoto kwa Mongolia.
Makungwawo ndi achikasu, amitundu, nthawi zina ali ndi sheki ya pinki, yokongoletsedwa ndi miyendo yambiri yautali ya mtundu wakuda kapena wofiira. Nthambi zazing'ono zambiri zimadzaza ndi zowonjezera zowonongeka komanso zowonjezera kwambiri.
Fluffy
Birch yotchedwa Downy poyamba inkatchedwanso kuti yoyera, koma popeza kuti nthawi zambiri dzina limeneli limagwiritsidwa ntchito popachika birch, tsopano likufunsidwa kuti achoke pa dzina ili kuti asasokonezeke. Kutalika kuli pafupifupi mamita 30, ndipo kukula kwa thunthu kumafikira masentimita 80.
Mtengo umenewu umapezeka kumadera akumadzulo kwa Russia, Kum'maŵa ndi Kumadzulo kwa Siberia, mapiri a Caucasus komanso pafupifupi gawo lonse la Ulaya. 
Makungwa a anyamata oimira mbewuwo ali ndi mtundu wofiirira wofiirira, womwe umasintha kukhala woyera patatha zaka eyiti. Kawirikawiri achinyamata amakhala osokonezeka ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya alder.
Mu mitengo ikuluikulu, makungwawo ali ndi chigoba choyera pafupi ndi pansi pa thunthu; mulibe ming'alu ndi zoperewera, kupatulapo zigawo zing'onozing'ono pafupi ndi nthaka. Mphukira yazing'ono imaphimbidwa ndi pansi, yosalala.
Nthambi sizingowonongeka. Crohn ali wamng'ono kwambiri osati wophweka, koma ali ndi zaka zikukula.
Ribbed (Kum'maŵa Kum'mawa)
Mitengo ya birch nthawi zina imatchedwanso kuti chikasu. Mtengo uwu umapezeka m'nkhalango zamapiri, kumene nambala yake imatha kufika 60 peresenti ya zomera. Zingathe kufika mamita 30 ndi girth ya thunthu, kufika kufika mamita 1. 
Chilengedwe chake ndi Peninsula ya Korea, China ndi Far East ya Russia.
Makungwawa ali ndi mdima wonyezimira, wachikasu, kapena wachikasu, wowala, ukhoza kukhala wosalala kapena wovuta. Pa zitsanzo zakale kwambiri inu mukhoza kuwona madera a mphamvu zamphamvu. Mphukira yazing'ono imakhala yochepa pansi.
Nthambi zimakhala zofiira, nthawi zambiri zosabala, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala ndi glands zowonongeka pamtunda.
Woolly
Mtengo uli ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu m'madera akummawa a Russia - Yakutia, Khabarovsk, Chigawo cha Irkutsk ndi Primorsky Krai. Kutalika kwa mitunduyo kumasiyana ndi 3 mpaka 15 mamita, ndipo mu gawo la subalpine mungapeze chomera ichi ngati mawonekedwe a shrub.
Mudzakhala ndi chidwi chophunzira zambiri za zitsamba monga stefanandra, santolina, euonymus, calmia, camellia, rhododendron, spirea, irga, velvet zakutchire, chikhodzodzo, nyamakazi, Chubushnik, goofNgati mitengoyi ikabzalidwa kwambiri, ndiye kuti nthambi zawo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolunjika, ndipo ngati zimakula m'madera otseguka, zimapanga korona wochuluka.
Nthambi zazing'ono zimakhala zokongola kwambiri ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zilonda zam'mimba ndipo zimatuluka ndi tsitsi la mitundu iwiri: yoyamba ndi yaifupi kwambiri, imakhala yofiira kwambiri, imakhala yofiira komanso imakhala yofiira, ndipo yachiwiri ndi yaikulu, yosaoneka, yoyera.Schmidt (chitsulo)
Mitundu ya birch imeneyi imatchedwa dzina lake Fyodor Schmidt, wolemba zomera wa ku Russia, amene anapeza mitengo imeneyi poyamba. Iron birch ali ndi zizindikiro, zomwe zimakhala kuti chomerachi ndi chiwindi chotalika, chomwe chimatha kupitirira mpaka zaka 300-350.
Mitengo ya mitengo imatha kufika mamita 35 ndi thunthu la masentimita 80. Kutchire, imapezeka ku Japan, China ndi kum'mwera kwa Primorsky Krai Russia.
Makungwa a mtengo amakhala ndi chizoloŵezi chokaka ndi kuthamanga, mtundu wa beige kapena kirimu. Mitengo yaing'ono ndi yofiirira. 
Makungwa a nthambi zazing'ono ndi mtundu wa chitumbuwa chamdima, chomwe chimakhala chofiirira. Nthawi zina nthambi zimakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Ndikofunikira! Mbalameyi imadziwikanso kwambiri chifukwa cha zinyama zake, choncho zimalimbikitsa kubzala pafupi ndi apiaries.Tikukhulupirira kuti mutadziwa bwino mndandanda wa mitengo yambiri ya birch, mumakhala ndi maganizo omveka bwino onena za mitundu iyi yomwe ingakhale yabwino kukongoletsa malo anu. Bwinja kwa inu ndi munda wanu!
