Pa alimi ndi wamaluwa, kutchuka kwa fungicides kukukula pafupifupi tsiku lililonse. Ngati zaka zingapo zapitazo mankhwalawa ankayang'anitsitsa mosamala ndi mtundu wodandaula, ndiye lero ndi othandizira ofunika kwambiri posamalira zomera.
Mmodzi mwa anthu ogwira mtima kwambiri omwe amamenyana ndi matenda a fungalini mu zomera zomera ndi fungicide m'badwo watsopano - "Azofos", kapena mophweka - "azofosk". Tiyeni tione chomwe chimapangidwira, momwe mungakonzekere komanso momwe mungachigwiritsire ntchito.
Maonekedwe ndi kutulutsa mawonekedwe
"Azofos" inapangidwa ndi asayansi a ku Belarusian pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zasayansi zachita posachedwapa. Amadziwika bwino ndi alimi, monga mankhwala abwino, omwe amapangidwa mogwirizana ndi miyezo yonse ya chilengedwe ndi zaumoyo. 
Gawo lalikulu la mankhwalawa (oposa 50%) la fungicide amapangidwa ndi ammonium-copper phosphate (AMP). Kuonjezera apo, mankhwalawa ndi olemera kwambiri, ndipo ambiri mwa iwo ndi phosphorous, mkuwa, potashi, molybdenum, nayitrogeni, nthaka ndi magnesium zowonjezereka. Kukhalapo kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumathandiza kuti mbewu ikhale yabwino komanso yathanzi, komanso imalola kugwiritsa ntchito azophoska komanso kuvala pamwamba.
Fomu yokonzekera - madzi owongolera.
Pogwiritsa ntchito munda wanu wam'munda ndi ndiwo zamasamba bwino fungicides: "Ridomil Gold", "Ordan", "Skor", "Acrobat MC", "Quadris", "Titus", "Antrakol", "Tanos", "Fitosporin-M" "Alirin B", "Kutchuka", "Fitolavin".
Chifukwa cha mankhwala omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito, "Azofos" mwamsanga imathetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe adakhazikika pa mbeu, motero kukula kwa zokololazo. Kuonjezera apo, sizowopsa kwa thanzi lanu (ndilo la kalasi lachinayi la poizoni) ndipo ndi ochezeka.
Mukudziwa? Chinthu chatsopano chatsopano cha akatswiri a zakuthambo ku Japan ndi fungicides, pogwiritsa ntchito makina a lactic acid omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa mankhwala owopsa.
Ubwino
Azofoska ili ndi mndandanda wazinthu zabwino, kuphatikizapo:
- kugwiritsa ntchito bwino;
- Kukhazikika kwa kukonzekera njira yothetsera ndikugwiritsira ntchito;
- ali m'kalasi yachinayi ya poizoni, choncho ndi otetezeka ku thanzi laumunthu, tizilombo toyambitsa chilengedwe ndi chilengedwe;
- mankhwala osapweteka a fungicide amalola kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito kangapo kamodzi pa nyengo. Pa nthawi yomweyi, sizimapangitsa kuti mliri wambiri ukhalepo pa nthaka ndi zomera;
- Kukhalapo kwa zamoyo zamakono zambiri kumathandiza kuti moyo ukhale wathanzi, chifukwa umakhala wochulukitsa chikhalidwe kudzera mu mizu;
- Azofoska ili ndi ntchito zambiri, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pafupifupi mbewu zonse za zipatso ndi mabulosi;
- mtengo wovomerezeka, poyerekeza ndi mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo, amapanga mankhwala kubzala mtengo wotsika;
- mulingo wotetezeka ku phytophthora;
- zimathandizira kuti chitukuko chitukulire bwino.
- kumaonjezera chomera chotsutsana ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa nyengo.
Mukudziwa? Chifukwa chakuti kutchuka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, makamaka fungicides, kukuwonjezeka mofulumira, chitukuko champhamvu cha zinthu zatsopano chikuchitika padziko lonse lapansi. Cholinga chachikulu cha akatswiri a zakuthambo ndi kupanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe alibe vuto lililonse kwa anthu ndi chilengedwe. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, asayansi apanga zinthu zowononga zachilengedwe zomwe zasokonekera mu carbon dioxide ndi madzi m'nthaka.
Mfundo yogwirira ntchito
Azofoska ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimagwira ntchito, zomwe zimamenyana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo pamwamba pa masamba ndi zimayambira. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito - kupopera mbewu.
Komanso, fungicide imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza. Alimi omwe ali ndi chidziwitso amalangiza kuti agwiritse ntchito pa peat, dothi, nthaka, ndi nthaka yolemetsa. Komabe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigwirizane kwambiri ndi zofunikira.
Kukonzekera kwa njira yothetsera
Pokhala mukupanga njira yothetsera "Azofos" ya fungicide, m'pofunika kuti muzitsatira malamulo onse ogwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi malangizo a momwe mungasinthire.
Mlingo umadalira mtundu wa chikhalidwe chomwecho komanso mtundu wake.
Mphamvu yothetsera vutoli ndi chidebe chopangidwa ndi pulasitiki, galasi kapena chitsulo, voliyumu yofunikila. Mlingo wa mankhwalawo uyenera kuyesedwa mwatsatanetsatane molingana ndi malangizo.
Zaletsedwa kuphatikiza "Azofos" ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kuphatikizapo kukhalapo kwa polysulfide sulfure (PSK, laimu-sulfure njira).
Mlingo woyenera wa azofosca (mlingo woyenera ndi mlingo 100) umasungunuka mu 4-5 malita a madzi ndi kusakaniza bwino. Kenaka onjezerani madzi ambiri. Njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli ndi 10 malita. Pambuyo kusakaniza kusakaniza kachiwiri, mutha kupopera.
Ndikofunikira! Kukonzekera yankho la azofoski zosowa nthawi yomweyo musanagwiritse ntchito. Ndibwino kuti tigwiritse ntchito mwathunthu mkati mwa maola asanu ndi limodzi. Zimatsutsana kuti zisungidwe izi.
Njira ndi mawu a processing, kumwa
Malingana ndi mtundu wa chikhalidwe, digiri ndi mtundu wake wa matenda, dziwani nthawi yomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito njirayi ndikugwiritsirani ntchito njirayi. 
Pali njira ziwiri zokha zogwiritsira ntchito azofoski: kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kuzimitsa mizu.
- raspberries, strawberries ndi strawberries ayenera kutsukidwa kawiri: yoyamba - isanayambe maluwa, yachiwiri - kazembe wa kukolola zipatso. Mlingo woyenera kwambiri wa fungicide ndi 30ml pa 1 mita ya dera;
- Kuchotsa tizilombo pa kiranberi ndi kumera kwa lingonberry, 30 ml yokonzekera pa 1 mamita odzala dera akugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kutaya zipatso zitsamba kamodzi musanayambe maluwa;
- Njira yochiritsira yamatcheri, plums, cherry plums, apricots, yamatcheri amayenera kukhala okonzedwa kasanu ndi kamodzi. Nthawi yoyamba mitengo imachiritsidwa panthawi ya mphukira kutukumula, yachiwiri - kumayambiriro kwa mbeu yofiira (pamaso pa maluwa), lachitatu - pambuyo pa maluwa, lachinayi - mutatha kukolola. Kuti chipatso chikhale ndi chikhalidwe, m'pofunika kukonzekera malita 10 a njira yothetsera, mtengo wokhala ndi zaka zitatu kapena kuposerapo - 2 malita;
- Mapeyala ndi apulo amatsukidwa ndi kukonzekera kawiri kuti ateteze mitengo ku nkhanambo ndi kuphulika kwa zipatso. Njira yoyamba kupopera mankhwala ikuchitika nthawi ya kutupa kwa impso. Kuwonjezera pa impso, m'pofunika kukonza mitengo ikuluikulu komanso kuzungulira thunthu. Chithandizo chachiwiri chiyenera kuchitika musanayambe maluwa. Chizoloŵezi cha kusakaniza kwa mtengo kwa zaka 6 ndi 2 malita, kwa munthu wamkulu - malita 10;
- currant imayenera kupopera mbewu katatu: ikaphuka, ikaphuka, komanso pamene mbewu yayamba kukolola. Pa chitsamba chimodzi muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito 1.5 malita a osakaniza.
Ndikofunikira! Kupopera mbewu kumalimbikitsa madzulo pamene kuli bata, bata, nyengo youma.
Zitetezero za chitetezo
Mankhwalawa ndi a pakati pa poizoni. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pakugwiritsa ntchito ndikofunikira kusamala zodziletsa. Ndikofunika kupeŵa kugwirizana ndi azofoska kapena kusakaniza. Ngati mwagwidwa pakhungu pakhungu kapena m'maso, yambani madziwo mwamsanga. Pofuna kupewa izi, muyenera kuvala zovala zapadera zoteteza. Mbali zovuta kwambiri za thupi la munthu ndi maso ndi manja, choncho zimayenera kutetezedwa choyamba. Magalasi ndi magalavu a raba adzakhala olandirika kwambiri. Iyenso akulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito "mautumiki" a mpweya kapena bandage.
Kusungirako zinthu
Sungani mankhwalawo mu chidebe chotsekedwa mwamphamvu pamalo ozizira, amdima. Pokumbukira zosungirako, fungicide ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zitatu. Ngati phukusi la mankhwalalo liri lotseguka kapena lowonongeka, moyo wake wothandiza ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Choncho, tawonetsa kuti "Azofos" ndi imodzi mwa njira zothandiza kwambiri kutetezera zipatso kuchokera ku tizirombo ndi matenda. Pogwiritsa ntchito moyenera ndikutsatira ndondomeko zonse zowonetsetsa, mankhwalawa ndi opanda vuto kwa anthu ndi chilengedwe, koma kulimbana polimbana ndi matenda opatsirana.
