Nyemba zoyera zitangotumizidwa ku Russia, sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yomweyo pakuphika. Poyamba, chomerachi chinkaonedwa ngati chokongoletsera, koma patapita nthawi, pamene nyembazo zinali zosavuta kuti zikule ndipo zinali zabwino kwa anthu, zinayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kulikonse. Osati pachabe, chifukwa chikhalidwe ichi chimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza, ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi zakudya zamtengo wapatali.
Kufotokozera
Nyemba zoyera ndi chomera cha banja la legume. Chaka chilichonse, kukwera kapena kukonza, mitundu ina yomwe nthawi zina imakhala pafupifupi mamita atatu m'litali.
Maluwa okongola, omwe ali ndi tsinde, amapanga ma pods. Mankhwalawa ali ndi nyemba ziwiri mpaka 8.
Nyemba zimakhala ndi chikhalidwe cha mtundu wa oblate wochokera kumbali, koma mitundu yaying'ono imakhala ndi mawonekedwe akuluakulu komanso mawonekedwe ozungulira nthawi zonse. Mtundu wa nyemba nthawi zambiri umakhala woyera. Nyemba zimaphimbidwa ndi ntchentche yosalala, yofiira, yomwe imakhala ndi chizoloŵezi chokhazikika pamene ikuwuluka. 
Oimira ena a nyemba amathandizanso thupi: mphesa, nandolo, katsitsumzukwa, mbewa nandolo.
Popeza ichi ndi chikhalidwe cha thermophilic, nyemba zimabzalidwa m'nthaka kumapeto kwa May kapena kumayambiriro kwa June. Ndipo kuyambira nthawi yomwe zipatso zimayamba kukula, zimatengera pafupifupi masiku 65, nthawi zina zochepa, malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi yokolola imagwa kumapeto kwa July kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa August.
Chomerachi chimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zopindulitsa, chimakhala ndi vitamini ndi mchere wolemera kwambiri, chimakhala ndi ubwino wabwino ndipo chimatha kuthandiza ngati matenda aakulu.
Mukudziwa? Napoleon Bonaparte anali wotchuka chifukwa cha chikondi cha nyemba. Anakhulupirira kuti chozizwitsa ichi chikhoza kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa malingaliro pamutu ndi mphamvu mu minofu.Nyemba ndi:
- chakudya cha ndiwo zamasamba, popeza chiri ndi mapuloteni ambiri a masamba;
- chakudya cha anthu omwe amafuna kuchepetsa thupi ndipo amadya chakudya, chifukwa chikhalidwechi chimathandiza kuyeretsa thupi ndi madzi owonjezera;
- othamanga ndi omwe amachita ndi ntchito yolimba, monga muli ndi zakudya zambiri;
- komanso masamba awa ndi oyenera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osiyanasiyana - odwala matenda a mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi, chiwindi, kapangidwe ndi impso.
Kupanga
Nthenda yamtengo wapatali pa magalamu 100 a nyemba zoyera ndi pafupifupi 300 kcalzomwe:
- Zakudya zam'madzi - 47 g (~ 188 kcal);
- mapuloteni - 21 g (~ 84 kcal);
- mafuta - 2 g (~ 18 kcal).
Phunzirani zambiri za mitundu ina ndi mitundu ya nyemba zobiriwira.Komanso, nyembazo zili ndi zinthu monga:
- wowuma - 43.8 g;
- madzi - 14 g;
- zakudya zamtundu - 12.4 g;
- phulusa - 3.6 g;
- mono - ndi ma disaccharides - 3.2 g;
- saturated mafuta acid - 0,2 g.
Komanso, nyemba zoyera zimakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri: - Vitamini PP NE (nayicin ofanana) - 6.4 mg;
- vitamini PP (niacin) - 2.1 mg;
- Vitamini B5 (pantothenic acid) - 1.2 mg;
- Vitamini B6 (pyridoxine) - 0.9 mg;
- vitamini E (tocopherol) - 0,6 mg;
- Vitamini B1 (thiamine) - 0.5 mg;
- vitamini B2 (riboflavin) - 0.18 mg;
- Vitamini B9 (folic acid) - 90 mg.
Ndikofunikira! Kuchuluka kwa folic acid mu nyemba zoyera ndi 91% ya zosowa za tsiku ndi tsiku zaumunthu. Choncho, mankhwalawa akulimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi amayi apakati, popeza ali ndi chosowa chowonjezera cha folic acid.Zopangidwe za mankhwalawa zimaphatikizaponso macronutrients:
- potaziyamu - 1100 mg;
- phosphorus - 480 mg;
- sulfure - 159 mg;
- calcium - 150 mg;
- magnesiamu - 103 mg;
- silicon - 92 mg;
- chlorine - 58 mg;
- sodium - 40 mg.
Ndipo tsatirani zinthu:- chitsulo - 5.9 mg;
- zinki - 3.21 mg;
- manganese - 1.34 mg;
- aluminium - 640 mcg;
- mkuwa - 580 mcg;
- boron - 490 mcg;
- Nickel - 173.2 mcg;
- vanadium - 190 mcg;
- titaniyamu - 150 mcg;
- Fluorin - 44 mcg;
- molybdenum - 39.4 mcg;
- selenium - 24.9 mcg;
- cobalt - 18.7 mcg;
- iodini - 12.1 mcg;
- chromium - 10 μg.
Zothandiza
Mapuloteni a masamba omwe ali mu nyemba zoyera zikufanana ndi ng'ombe ndipo ali ndi khalidwe lapamwamba, pomwe mulibe mafuta a nyama, omwe amalepheretsa ntchito ya m'mimba. Mitengo yambiri yamagetsi (cellulose) imayimitsa digestion, imayika chitseko ndipo imathandiza poizoni, slags ndi zinthu zina zoipa zomwe zimachotsedwa mthupi.
Zopanda phindu katundu ndi nyemba zatsitsumzu.
Nyemba zoyera zimachepetsa cholesterol, zimalimbitsa mafupa, mtima wamagazi, zimayendetsa kutuluka kwa mitsempha ya mitsempha, imachepetsa shuga la magazi ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu yowononga ndi machiritso.
Ginger, leeks, amaranth kuponyedwa kumbuyo, tomato, cilantro, calendula kudzathandiza kuchepetsa cholesterol.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mankhwalawa kumalimbikitsa matenda a shuga, chifukwa cha kulemera kwake komwe kumawoneka kumatha kuonetsetsa kuti maselo a shuga a magazi, kuchepetsa shuga, kusintha mkhalidwe wa munthu wodwala. Mankhwalawa amadziwika bwino ndipo amafanana ndi insulini, zomwe zimapangitsa mtundu umenewu kukhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri kwa anthu odwala shuga.
Kuonjezera apo, mitunduyi imayendetsa bwino ntchito ya mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi, kuchepetsa kupanikizika ndi kulimbitsa mtima wamtima, umene uli wofunikira kwa anthu omwe ali ndi shuga.
Ndikofunikira! Nyemba zoyera zimapangitsa kuti mazinyo akhale oyera. Amalimbitsa mafupa ndi enamel, amakhala ndi mtundu wa mano, ndipo uwu ndiwo mtundu umodzi wa nyemba zomwe ziri mbali ya "zakudya zoyera", zomwe zimatsatiridwa ndi iwo omwe adziwoneka bwino.Ndi matendawa, mtundu uwu wa nyemba ukhoza kudyedwa mwa mawonekedwe a supu, monga gawo la saladi kapena ngati chakudya chodziimira. Chogulitsidwacho chikuphatikizidwa ndi nyama ndi masamba.
Mwachitsanzo, sopo-puree amatha kulawa ngati matenda a shuga. Kuti muchite izo muyenera kutenga:
- 400 g nyemba zoyera;
- anyezi imodzi;
- imodzi clove ya adyo;
- Dzira 1 yophika;
- 200 g ya kolifulawa;
- supuni ziwiri za msuzi;
- Supuni imodzi ya mafuta a masamba;
- mchere, parsley ndi katsabola kuti azilawa.
Anyezi ndi adyo ayenera kuwedwa mpaka anyezi asapangidwe. Kenaka, yikani masamba a msuzi, nyemba ndi cholifulawa chodzudzulidwa bwino, ndipo wiritsani zonsezi kwa mphindi 20. Kumapeto kwa kuphika, kumathira mankhwalawa kumatsanulira ku blender ndi akanadulidwa mpaka pakasupa, kenako kubwerera ku sukulu. Onjezerani zonunkhira ndi mchere, ndipo wiritsani kwa mphindi zingapo. Anagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dzira yophika bwino komanso yokongoletsedwa ndi masamba a parsley. 
Ndikofunikira! Kugwiritsa ntchito nyemba zosavomerezeka sikuvomerezeka, monga nyemba zakuda zili ndi phasin, zomwe ndi poizoni ndipo zimayambitsa poizoni.Kuphatikiza pa phindu lomveka kwa odwala shuga, nyemba zoyera zimakhalanso:
- kumalimbitsa mafupa, kumapangitsa kuti mano azikhala bwino komanso amatha kuteteza matenda otupa mafupa, chifukwa ali ndi kashiamu yambiri;
- Amapangitsa chitetezo chokwanira chifukwa cha olemera vitamini omwe amapangidwa;
- zothandiza kwa mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi, zimapangitsa mtima kukhala wolimba kwambiri komanso wotetezeka, umayendetsa minofu;
- zimathandizira kupanga mapangidwe a magazi chifukwa cha chitsulo chosakanika, zomwe zimayambitsa kupanga maselo ofiira a m'magazi - maselo a magazi, chotero, ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi;
- pa nthawi ya mimba imakhala pafupi ndi zofunikira za tsiku ndi tsiku za folic acid, zomwe ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa mwana wakhanda;
- kumatsuka thupi la poizoni ndi poizoni, komanso limalimbitsa chiwindi ndi impso, chifukwa cha zomwe zimapambana ndi ntchito yowonongeka;
- zimathandizira kuti thupi likhale lofulumira mofulumira pambuyo pa kuvulala kosiyanasiyana, ntchito;
- kumathandiza dongosolo la mitsempha, kuimiritsa ntchito yake panthawi yovuta kapena yopanikizika;
- kumathandiza kuchotsa miyala pa impso ndi chikhodzodzo cha ndulu;
- kumathandiza maonekedwe a misomali, tsitsi ndi khungu;
- imathandizira kupanga mimba yamadzimadzi ndi normalizes njira zamagetsi;
- amatha kuonetsetsa kuti anthu amatha kukhala ndi mphamvu chifukwa cha pyridoxine ndi folic acid, zomwe zimachititsa kuti umuna ukhale wosagonana komanso umakhudza nthawi yogonana;
- imaonetsetsa kuti kugwira ntchito kwa chiberekero kumachitika chifukwa cha mankhwalawa.
Nyemba zoyera zam'chitini zimasiyana ndi mitundu ina ya kuphika chifukwa zimakhala ndi makilogalamu ang'onoang'ono: Pali 99 kcal pa 100 magalamu a mankhwala, omwe:- makapu - 17.4 g (~ 70 kcal);
- mapuloteni - 6.7 g (~ 27 kcal);
- mafuta - 0,3 g (~ 3 kcal).
Kuvulaza ndi kutsutsana
Kugwiritsa ntchito nyemba zoyera kwambiri kungabweretse mavuto ena - kulemera m'mimba komanso kuwonjezeka kwa gasi.
Kuwonjezera apo Pali zotsutsana zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa. Izi zikuphatikizapo matenda monga:
- Gastritis ndi mkulu wa acidity (ali ndi asidi ochepa kudya nyemba ndiloledwa, pamene ikuwonjezera mapangidwe a asidi);
- ululu wam'mimba wam'mimba, makamaka nthawi ya kuchuluka;
- cholecystitis;
- colitis;
- kupweteka;
- gout.
Anthu ena angasemphane ndi nyemba, zomwe zimawonetsedwa ndi zomwe zimachitika. Pachifukwa ichi, ntchito yake mu chakudya imalandiridwa.Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kupewa mafuta opangidwira komanso kuyambitsa chimbudzi, nyemba zoyera siziyenera kuphatikizapo ufa ndi mkate. Apo ayi, thupi lidzakhala lovuta kuthana ndi mitsempha yambiri. Ndi bwino kuphatikiza nyembazi ndi nyama ndi ndiwo zamasamba.
Ntchito mu cosmetology
Nyemba zoyera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'nyumba cosmetology. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zojambulajambula zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala zoyenera pa mitundu yonse ya khungu.
Maphikidwe kukolola katsitsumzukwa nyemba m'nyengo yozizira.
Mitunduyi imayera bwino khungu, imadyetsa komanso imadzaza ndi zinthu zothandiza, zimakhala zotsitsimutsa, popeza zimakhala ndi malo okweza, komanso zimatsuka khungu la mawanga akuda, ziphuphu, kupsa mtima, kuchotsa zovulaza ndi matumba pamaso.
Pofuna kupanga mask nkhope, muyenera kuyamba wiritsani maso mpaka okonzeka komanso ozizira. Kenaka pewani kupyolera mu sieve kuti phokoso lophatikizana ndi lofewa, losakhala ndi khungu lolimba ndi mitsempha, limatsalira. 
Timagwada ndi mphanda ndikuwonjezera zowonjezera, monga:
- mafuta a mandimu ndi madzi a mandimu kuti azilankhula ndi kutsitsimula khungu;
- maapulo osasaka, mazira, oatmeal ndi zonunkhira;
- mchere wa mchere kuti ukhale wotsika kwambiri pakhungu.
Mukudziwa? Cleopatra yokongola imagwiritsidwa ntchito yoyera, yopangidwa ndi nyemba zoyera zouma ndi madzi pang'ono ofunda. Mpweya uwu unaphimba nkhope yonse ndipo unadzaza makwinya onse, kupanga khungu likuwala, losalala ndi laling'ono. Bwanji, kokha khungu likadaduka, maskitiwa anali ndi ming'alu.
Momwe mungasankhire
Kusankha chogulitsa, choyamba muyenera kumvetsetsa chikhalidwe chake - sayenera kuonongeka, sayenera kuumba, kuvunda kapena zizindikiro za clumping.
Nyemba ziyenera kukhala zolimba komanso zofanana. Nkhumba pa nyemba ziyenera kukhala zosalala ndi zonyezimira. 
Momwe mungasungire
Ngati mukulima nyemba nokha, ndiye kuti nthawi yokolola ikuyenera kutsatira malamulo ena:
- Mutakhala ndi theka la mbewu, nkofunika kuwawotcha mu uvuni kapena poto kwa mphindi zitatu;
- koma mbeu zazing'ono mu nyemba zimatha kungokhala ozizira.
Masamulo omwe ali ndi mankhwalawa mu mawonekedwewa sangapitirire miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Onetsetsani kake ka nyemba zophika mu phwetekere msuzi.
Koma pofuna kusungira zowuma, nyemba zouma bwino zimayikidwa mu chidebe cha galasi (mtsuko) ndipo mwamphamvu zimatsekedwa ndi chivindikiro cha pulasitiki. Mtsuko umayikidwa pamalo ouma ndi amdima kumene kuli mpweya wabwino komanso kutentha kwa firiji kumasungidwa.
Mulimonsemo musalole kuti chinyontho ndi tizilombo tilowe m'dongosolo. Mukhoza kusunga nyemba kwa chaka chimodzi. 
Choncho, nyemba zimayenera kupezeka pa zakudya, monga momwe zimayambira mavitamini ndi mineral. Kuwonjezera apo, zopindulitsa zake zimangosintha thupi kuchokera mkati, komanso kuthandizira kuyang'ana mwatsopano.
