Mbali za kudula mabulosi akuda mu kugwa: ndondomeko ya mapangidwe a chitsamba kwa novice wamaluwa

Zovuta zonse kusamalira mabulosi akuda zimakhala nthawi yowonongeka. Chifukwa cha khalidwe lake ndikofunika kudziwa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito katundu pa nthambi za chomera cha manja ndi zomwe zimakhudza chizindikiro ichi.

Zamkatimu:

• Momwe mungagwiritsire mabulosi akuda
• Mapesi a pachaka
• Biennial akuwombera
• Malamulo ndi maonekedwe a mapangidwe a tchire
• Maonekedwe owongoka
• Mitundu yokwawa
• Momwe mungaphimbe mabulosi akuda m'nyengo yozizira
• Mapulogalamu Oyambirira
• Malamulo a pogona

Chifukwa chiyani muyenera kudula mabulosi akuda mu kugwa

Mabulosi a Blackberry ndi shrub ali ndi zaka 2 fruiting cycle. Choncho, chaka choyamba cha moyo wake, timakakamizika kupanga zofunikira zonse kuti iye akhwima komanso kuti apulumuke m'nyengo yozizira.

Pakati pa chilimwe chitsamba chidzadzala ndi masamba ndipo chidzapereka bwino, pambuyo pake maluwawo adzachotsedwa. Ngati izi sizikuchitika, mphukira zidzatulutsa shrub ndipo sizingalole kuti achinyamata akulire. Zipatso zidzakhalanso mumthunzi ndikutaya kukoma kwake. Komanso, chomeracho chiyenera kudulira kuti:

• kuti apereke mphukira zazing'ono kwa zakudya zowonjezera;
• kuonjezera chisanu chotsutsana ndi shrub (kuchuluka kwa mphukira yakale kumalepheretsa kuwala kwa dzuwa pakati pa chitsamba);
• Kukonzekera njira yokonzekera nyengo yozizira;
• kulimbikitsa tsogolo;
• Momwemo amagawira katundu wa mbewu pa nthambi, ndiko kuti, kulimbikitsa chitsamba.

Momwe mungagwiritsire mabulosi akuda

Musanadule shrub, m'pofunikira kuwerengetsa katundu pa mphukira zake, poganizira mphamvu ya kukula kwa mizu. Mabulosi a mabulosi akuda amatha kupatsa mphesa zisanu ndi zitatu zomwe zimabereka chipatso, ndikoti, 8 ndipo osapitirira 10 mphukira ayenera kulowa m'nyengo yozizira. Malowa amafunika ngati nthambi zonse sizipulumuka m'nyengo yozizira.

Poyimira katunduyo, amalingalira mphamvu yakukula, komanso kukula kwa mizu kukula ndi zina zosiyanasiyana. Chiwerengero cha mphukira chiyenera kukhala chofanana ndi kukula kwa feteleza: nthawi zambiri mumagwiritsa ntchito feteleza, mumatha kuchoka kwambiri. Koma ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito agrochemistry komanso chizoloŵezi cha chitsamba chowombera, mabulosi a mabulosi akuda amapezeka kuti amapezeka ndi matenda ndi zirombo.

Ndikofunikira! Nthambi zoonongeka siziyenera kutayika m'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa sizidzapulumuka.

Fufuzani zitsulo zotsalazo pa kotala la kutalika (pamwamba pa Mphukira). Izi zimachitidwa kuti likhale lolimba ku chitsamba, nthambi yowonjezera, kuti pakhale nthambi zambiri za zipatso chaka chamawa.

Onani mitundu yambiri ya mabulosi akuda monga "Giant", "Chester Thornless", "Thornfrey", "Ruben", "Black Satin".

Mapesi a pachaka

Kugwa, kutsitsa kwapachaka pamwamba pa masamba kuti apite kumbali akuwombera. Kuti apite patsogolo, amamveka pamtunda wa mamita 1.9-2, chifukwa cha zokwawa zokha - osapitirira 3 mamita.

Ndiyeneranso kuchotsa zitsamba zazing'ono zomwe zinalibe nthawi yoti zipse. Awa ndi owonda ndi ofunda omwe sangathe kuzizira.

Biennial akuwombera

Nthambi zonse zabwino zomwe zatha kale kubereka zipatso ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Dulani iwo pazu.

Ndikofunikira! Musachoke pa stumps: tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingathe kukhazikika pa iwo kapena kuwonongeka kungayambe, komwe kudzapha chomera m'nyengo yozizira.

Nthambi zonse zowonongeka (kuphatikizapo zowonongeka) ziyenera kutenthedwa kuti matenda ndi tizilombo toononga asafalikire pa tsamba. Pambuyo pake, utuchi kapena peat amatsanulira pansi pa chitsamba cha mabulosi akutchire, omwe amatha kusunga chinyezi m'nthaka ndi kuteteza mizu ku chisanu.

Malamulo ndi maonekedwe a mapangidwe a tchire

Nyengo isanayambe kupanga mawonekedwe abwino a chitsamba. Imani mawonekedwe ndi otsutsana ndi chisanu kuposa zokwawa. Koma panthawi yomweyi, ndi ofooka kwambiri komanso osasinthasintha. Choncho, mitundu yoongoka imalimbikitsidwa kuti "ipasuka" ngati fosholo, ndipo zokwawa ziyenera kugawa magawo awiri: vegetative ndi fructifying.

Kudulira moyenerera n'kofunikanso kwa tchire cha zipatso: currants, gooseberries ndi raspberries.

Maonekedwe owongoka

Kuti mupange fan yomwe mukusowa:

1. Kumapeto kwa kasupe kukwera pa mitengo yotchedwa trellis yomwe inapulumuka m'nyengo yozizira, pamalo owonekera kwambiri pamwamba pa rhizome.
2. Yambani nthambi zing'onozing'ono pamphukira zowonongeka mwachindunji kuchokera ku kukula kwake: kumangirira pansi waya wofanana ndi nthaka.
3. Kugwa, kudula nthambi zapakati pa zaka ziwiri, muzisiya mbali.
4. Achinyamata amawombera pang'ono, amasiya kuchuluka kwa zidutswa 8-10. Ena onse (ofooka) achotsa.
5. Mliri kulowa m'nyengo yozizira, kufupikitsa ndi kufinya pansi. Phimbani
6. Kumapeto kwa nyengo kuti awakwezeretsenso pang'onopang'ono atatha kutentha ndi kukhala osinthasintha.

Mitundu yokwawa

Chiwombankhangachi chimakhala chosasinthasintha, koma nyengo yochepa yozizira-yolimba. Kuti mupange, muyenera:

1. Mphepo pa nthambi za trellis zomwe zinapulumuka m'nyengo yozizira. Awathamangitse ku chiyanjano choyenera mpaka kukula.
2. Lembani kumanzere kuchokera kumalo omwewo achinyamata onse.
3. Mu kugwa, chotsani zonse zowonjezera ndikuchotsa chomera kuchokera ku trellis. Lonjezani mpesa pansi.
4. Dulani nthambi zonse, kupatula 8-10 wathanzi omwe sanabale zipatso.
5. Pindani chikwapu ndi sitolo yosungiramo nthawi yosungirako nyengo. Mitundu yopanda nsalu yowonjezeranso kutsekemera ndi agrofiber ndi kukonza arcs.

Mukudziwa? Mabulosi akuda amatha kuthetsa ludzu lawo, kumachita thupi monga febrifuge ndi wothandizira wothandizira.

Momwe mungaphimbe mabulosi akuda m'nyengo yozizira

Mabulosi akuda amayamba kutenthedwa ndi chisanu, choncho mtundu uliwonse wa mitundu yake umafuna malo okhala m'nyengo yozizira. Ngakhale mitundu yopanda chisanu imamangirira popanda kutsekemera kwina pa -20 ° C, ena onse - pa -17 ° C.

Mapulogalamu Oyambirira

Mukhoza kungoyamba kukonza zomera zokonzedweratu: kupanga, kudula ndi kuika bwino pansi (mumtsinje). Mwa kumasula shrub kuchokera ku mphukira zosafunika, mukhoza kuwonjezera mphukira kulowa m'nyengo yozizira kukhala mtolo ndi kuwerama pansi. Ndibwino kuti muzikonzekera ndi zikopa kunthaka. Izi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mitundu yokwawa yomwe imapindika bwino. Mipata imatha kukhazikitsidwa m'mitsinje ndikusungidwa ndi zitsulo zamitengo.

Kumanga mitundu kumafuna njira yapadera. Kuti nthambi izikhala bwino pambuyo poti agwe pansi, kumapeto kwa nyengo ya chilimwe zolemera zimamangiriridwa pamwamba. Pakulemera kwake, mphukira imayamba pansi. Mbewu ikachotsa masambawo, nthambi zimatembenuka kwambiri ndipo zimaphimba chitsamba.

Muyenera kukhala ndi chidwi chophunzira zambiri za kudulira pichesi, maula, apurikoti, apulo, peyala, chitumbuwa, chitumbuwa chokoma.

Asanayambe kubwerera, imalimbikitsidwanso kuti azikhala ndi mabulosi akuda ndi mkuwa sulphate kapena ndi fungicide kuti zisawononge kukula kwa bowa m'nyengo yozizira. Kuonjezerapo, malo oyandikana nawo ayenera kukhala osungidwa ndi mulch ndi matabwa. Kuwombera sikuyenera kukhala pa nthaka yonyowa.

Malamulo a pogona

Monga chuma cha pogona mungagwiritse ntchito:

1. Nsalu yopanda nsalu. Amalola mpweya kutuluka ndi chinyezi. Sankhani chinsalu ndi m'lifupi mwake mamita 1.6 ndi mlingo wa 50 g / 1 lalikulu. M 2 Kuwonjezera kapena 100 g / 1 lalikulu. m - 1 kuwonjezera. Nkhani zoterozo zidzatha nthawi imodzi.

2. Filimu ya polyethylene. Monga malo ogona - osati chisankho chabwino. Zingakhale zabwino kuwonjezera pa zinthu zowonjezereka. Ngati ali osankhidwa bwino ndikusungidwa pamtunda, chinyezi sichidzalowa pansi pogona.

3. Udzu, masamba, utuchi. Izi ndizosangalatsa kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa, koma zimakhalanso ndi zovuta. M'mamasamba ndi udzu, makoswe amapezeka kuti akupera chitsamba. Izi zikhoza kupezedwa ngati mabulosi akutchire amathandizidwa ndi yankho lokhala ndi 0,5 malita a mafuta a mpendadzuwa ndi 50 g wa creolin. Chiwombankhanga chimatha kukhala chisanu, kuyamwa chinyezi. Pakatikatikatikatikati kuti kagawidwe kagawe nthambi za chipatso kuchokera ku malo osungirako zikhale zosatheka. Ndipo izo zonse zidzasungunuka kwa nthawi yayitali, kotero chitsamba sichidzatha kukula mwamphamvu. Pakati pa malo abwino ophikira chimanga choyenera. Sadzapiringizidwa ndi chinyezi ndi kuzizira kumtunda.

4. Nthambi za Spruce Angagwiritsidwe ntchito pokhala chitsamba. Sichikonda makoswe, choncho mabulosi akuda adzakhala otetezeka. Kusamba kwa kasupe sikukutenga nthawi yochuluka. Lapnik ndi yoyenera kukhala malo ogona, komanso kusungunula kuphatikizapo chophimba chophimba kapena filimu.

Mukudziwa? Pali mabulosi akuda akuda - owonekera, ngati madzi, ndi kukoma kokoma. Pafupifupi 1 makilogalamu a uchi amapangidwa kuchokera ku 1 ha ya minda ya blackberry.

Pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira, zophimba zimachotsedwa pamodzi ndi arcs ndi hooks, ngati zilipo. Pambuyo pa kutenthetsa, nthambi zathanzi zimakhala zokhazikika, zonyezimira ndi zofiirira, ndipo zowirira zimakhala zakuda, zotayirira ndi zofooka. Chotsani malo oonongeka ndikudikira zokolola kuti zikhale bwino.