M'dzinja nthawi ikubwera pamene opanga vinyo ayamba kugwira ntchito. Pofuna kuchulukitsa mphesa zambiri, mukusowa chipangizo chapadera. Chida ichi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse pakupanga zazikulu komanso pamtunda wapadera. Ndipotu, imapulumutsa nthawi yokha, komanso mphamvu. M'nkhaniyi tidziwa zomwe zimapangidwira, momwe zimagwirira ntchito ndi zomwe zimasankhidwa.
Kusankhidwa ndi kufotokoza kwa chipangizocho
M'dziko lamakono, kumene akuyesera kupanga ntchito yonse, ndizosapindulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira zopangira. Kukonzekera kwa madzi a mphesa pogwiritsira ntchito khunyu. 
Iwo amafunira kuti azipera masamba ndi kupanga mapangidwe kuti apitirize kusokoneza vinyo. Zipangizozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mphesa zonse pa mafakitale komanso kunyumba.
Wokonza zinthu ali ndi dongosolo losavuta koma lothandiza. Chipangizo chophweka chimaphatikizapo chojambulira chojambulira, pansi pake chomwe pali ozungulira awiri ofanana. Nyumba yosungirako zida imayikidwa pamatabwa, ndipo oyendetsa galimotoyo amasinthasintha pogwiritsa ntchito kayendedwe ka galasi ndi chogwirira.
Zithunzi zina zingakhale ndi chidebe cha zipatso zokomedwa. Ngakhale mutha kugwiritsa ntchito matabwa kapena matabwa a pulasitiki.
Mmene crusher imagwirira ntchito
Mutatha kukolola mphesa ayenera kukonzedwa mwamsanga. Zipatso zimatsanulidwira mu hopper. Ogudubuza akupera ali patali. Choncho, mphesa zikagwa pakati pawo, zipatsozo zimaphwanyidwa, ndipo mafupa amakhalabe osasunthika. 
Ndikofunikira! Ngati kusiyana pakati pa odzigudubuza ndi kochepa, ndiye kuti muli ndi mwayi wathyola mbewu ya mphesa. Pankhaniyi, tannins omwe ali mmenemo, kugwera mu madzi kapena vinyo ndikuwapangitsa kuwawa ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe.
Kutembenuza chogwirira, odzigudubuza akuyamba kuyenda. Ndondomeko ya magalasi inapangidwira m'njira yoti, pamene ayendetsedwe, oyendetsa gudumu amasinthasintha mosiyana. Mphesa yomwe imagwa pakati pawo imaphwanyidwa.
Khungu lawo limatuluka ndipo masamba ndi madzi amamasulidwa, ndipo oyendetsawo amasinthasintha phalasitiki.
Mitundu ndi njira zosankha
Kwa mabuku ambiri, kugwiritsira ntchito dzanja lopopera dzanja sikungakhale kopanda ntchito. Kotero tiyeni tiwone kuti ndi mitundu yanji ya crushers ndi zosankha zawo ndizo. 
Mankhwala ndi magetsi
Mankhwala kapena malemba, monga amatchedwanso, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga kunyumba kapena kupanga mafakitale ang'onoang'ono. Kukonzekera uku kuyenera kutumikiridwa pawiri.
Choncho, munthu m'modzi amasinthasintha, akuyambitsa njira, ndipo ina imadzaza chipikacho.
Mphesa idzagwiritsidwa ntchito mofulumira pogwiritsa ntchito kanyumba kameneku kumadalira pa kuyesera kwa chiwindi, komanso pa liwiro la bunker. Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popuntha mphesa zosaposa makilogalamu 500. 
Mosiyana ndi mawotchi, magetsi abwino kwambiri kugwiritsira ntchito ndipo angathe kutumikiridwa ndi munthu mmodzi. Malingana ndi mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito, iwo ali ofanana, ndipo amasiyana kokha pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi oyendetsa magetsi omwe amachititsa kusokoneza.
Ubwino wa kukhazikitsa izi ndi yunifolomu ikuphwanya.
Operekera magetsi amasiyana ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphesa. Choncho, pali magalasi okhala ndi makilogalamu 500 / h, 700 kg / h, 1500 makilogalamu / h ndi 2000-2300 makilogalamu / h, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono.
Chipangizocho, chomwe sichiposa 500 kg / ora, chingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga vinyo wopangidwa kunyumba. M'makampani akuluakulu kuti apange vinyo wosakaniza masamba ndi mphamvu ya 10-15 t / h ndipo ngakhale 40-70 t / h amagwiritsidwa ntchito. 
Zipangizo zamagetsi zokhala ndi magetsi opitirira 0,75 kW zogwira ntchito mpaka 2000 kg / h ndi 1.5 kW zogwiritsira ntchito mphesa za 2000-2300 makilogalamu / h.
Mitundu ya shredders
Zosakaniza ndi mapangidwe awo zimagawidwa mu roll ndi centrifugal. Wopukuta ojambulira amalandirira kwambiri, monga momwe angagwirizane ndi zofunikira zamakono za kupanga zipangizo za vinyo.
Phunzirani momwe mungapangire vinyo kuchokera ku mphesa kunyumba, komanso mitundu yomwe yamphesa yabwino yoyenera kupanga vinyo: Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon, Krasnothop Zolotovsky, Tasone, Kesha, Amursky, Valiant, Zilga, Isabella, Riesling.
Mfundo ya ogwiritsira ntchito imeneyi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mizere iwiri kapena yambiri ya mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mogwedezeka, pamatope kapena mawonekedwe osalala. Kugwiritsira ntchito mtundu wa crusher uwu umapanga wort wort.
Magetsi a Centrifugal amagwiritsa ntchito rotor ndi liwiro lalikulu. Pankhaniyi, mphesa zathyoledwa chifukwa cha kukwapula kwa rotor. 
Kugwiritsira ntchito crusher kukulolani inu kuti mulandire kuchuluka kwa zinthu zokongola. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphesa zofiira.
Mphesa zofiira zimaphatikizapo "Chisoni", "Zaporozhye Kishmish", "Super Raspberry", "Kishimishi Yaikulu", "Nesvetnaya Dawn".
Zofalitsa
Msika wamakono umapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zoponda, zomwe zimasiyana mofanana, kukula, ntchito, ndi, ndithudi, zakuthupi. Choncho, malingana ndi zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito, zomera zosweka ndi matabwa, pulasitiki ndi zopangidwa ndi pepala kapena zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.
Ndikofunikira! Chofunikira chachikulu cha zinthu zomwe zidutswazi zimapangidwa, kukana mavitamini, chifukwa madzi a mphesa ali ndi acidity.
Kawirikawiri kawirikawiri yopangira nyumba inalandira chomera chomera. Ndipo pofuna kupanga opanga malonda nthawi zambiri amasankha zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zowonongeka, zomwe zimaperekedwa muchithunzi chachikulu. 
Lembani mtundu
Pa msika wamakono ndi anthu ogulitsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Pali zojambula zokhala ndi zowonongeka.
Kawirikawiri, mitundu yotsatsayi imagwirizanitsidwa ndi magetsi a centrifugal kapena, monga amatchedwanso, CDG. Zowonjezera zowonjezera zimapezeka ndi mtundu wothandizira.
Kukula kwa chipangizo ndi kulemera
Ipezeka mu mapangidwe osiyanasiyana a odyera, omwe amasiyananso mu miyeso yawo.
Ojambula amapereka makina opangira zinthu zosiyanasiyana, koma miyeso yawo ndi yoyikidwa bwino. 
Mwachitsanzo, chopper ndi chikwangwani cha makilogalamu 15 ndi kukula kwa 650 * 470 mm ali ndi miyeso ya 1000 * 390 * 490 mm ndi kulemera kwa makilogalamu 18, chopper ndi chojambulira chisa cha mlingo womwewo ndi wolemera makilogalamu 35 ndi miyeso ya 1120 * 460 * 580 mm ndi kukula kwa chiwindi ndi 460 * 760 mm.
Mankhwala opangira makilogalamu okhala ndi makilogalamu 25 ndi miyeso ya 1000 * 630 mm ali ndi makilogalamu 29 ndi kukula kwake kwa 1210 * 620 * 400 mm, ndipo chopper chimodzimodzi ndi cholekanitsa chisa chidzakhala ndi miyeso ya 1210 * 520 * 690 mm, kulemera kwa makilogalamu 40 ndi kukula kwa hopper 1000 * 500 mm.
Amagetsi a magetsi ali ndi kukula kwakukulu:
- galasi ndi zokolola za 1200-1500 makilogalamu / h ali ndi miyeso ya 1210 * 600 * 690 mm ndi kulemera kwa makilogalamu 51;
- chopper, processing mpaka 2000 kg / h, wolemera makilogalamu 50, ndi miyeso yake ndi 1,330 * 570 * 610 mm;
- Nkhono yamakono ya 2000-2300 makilogalamu / h ili ndi miyeso ya 1180 * 680 * 900 mm ndipo imalemera makilogalamu 94.
Kukhalapo kwa chotsekanitsa chisa
Kukoma kwa madzi kapena vinyo wamtsogolo kumadalira kuchuluka kwa matanki omwe ali mmenemo. Iwo amatha kulowa mu mapangidwe a zamkati pamene akuphwanya mwala kapena akupera mphesa.
Popeza zitunda zikuphukira motalika kuposa mphesa, zimakhala ndi tannins ambiri. Ngati sizichotsedwa, ndiye kuti vinyo amakhala ndi tart kwambiri, ndipo ndi zakumwa zomwe zingathe kulawa. Kuti muwachotse iwo, gwiritsani ntchito odzola ndi chotsekanitsa chisa.
Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito magalasi oterewa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mthunzi wambiri, pakudutsa momwe mapiri akulekanitsidwa ndi zipatso. Zipatsozi zimadyetsedwa kuti zipitirire kukonzedwa pa pepala lophwanyika, ndipo zitunda zikugwera mu chidebe chosiyana.
Zosakaniza za mtundu umenewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga vinyo woyera. Polekanitsa zitunda, m'pofunika kuganizira zosiyanasiyana za vinyo wamtsogolo komanso mphesa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. 
Mwachitsanzo, pakupangidwa kwa Bordeaux, zigawo ¾ zokha zimachotsedwa ku mitundu ya mphesa ya Verdot, ndipo ½ kuchokera mphesa za Merlot ndi Malbec zimachotsedwa.
Mukudziwa? Popanga vinyo wofiira ndi woyera ku Argentina ndi Chile, amagwiritsira ntchito zidutswa zopangira zitsulo popanda kupatukana, ndipo popeza mapiriwo sakulekanitsa, kusiyana pakati pa mavinyowa kumangokhala nthawi yokha.
Popanga mavinyo a muscat, sikutheka kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chopangira chotupitsa ndi cholekanitsa chisa, chifukwa mphesa zimakolola pamene zipatso zouma ndi zowonongeka, ndipo zisavuta kuti zikhale zosiyana ndi zipatso zotere.
Kuchokera ku mphesa, mukhoza kupanga zoumba, viniga, madzi, champagne ndi masamba a mphesa.
Kodi mungatani kuti mupange mphesa yosavuta ya mphesa?
Pofuna kusonkhanitsa mphesa yamphesa, mufunikira zinthu zotsatirazi:
- kulitsa mphamvu;
- plywood;
- mipukutu - ma PC 2;
- zida - 2 ma PC.;
- Washers - 2 ma PC.;
- chojambula chitsulo;
- cholembera
Kutenga mphamvu kumapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chimapangidwa ngati trapezoid. Pogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo ndi makulidwe a 1 mm.Thupi limapangidwa ndi plywood ndi makulidwe a 12 mm, ndipo kukula kwake kumadalira kukula kwa odzigudubuza omwe adzayikidwa mmenemo.
Plywood imakhazikika kotero kuti mbali imodzi imachotsedwa. Mwachitsanzo, mbali yomwe gwiritsirani ntchito ndi galimoto yanu idzakonzedwa. Mbali yosachotserako imakulolani kuti muthe kusamba ndi kusamba khunguli mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito.
Mkati mwa plywood chokhala ndi galasi yoyendetsa galimoto. Zimapangidwa ndi pulasitiki yokhala ndi plywood, yomwe imayikidwa pa makina, imayikidwa pamtunda wa 12 mm ndikukhala pa gulu. Kuti odzola akhale ndi mawonekedwe a magalimoto, grooves ayenera kupangidwa pa iwo. Dera la odzigudubuza ndi 80 mm, ndipo kutalika kwake kumadalira kukula kwake kokwanira, komwe kumakulolani kuti muwombedwe.
Ayenera kuikidwa motero kuti kusiyana pakati pawo ndi 3 mm. Ndi mbeuyi yambewu ya mphesa idzakhalabe yolimba. Pambuyo pokonzekera odzigudubuza mu chimango chakunja, ma washers awiri amaikidwa pa axles, ndipo pamwamba pake pali magalasi awiri okhala ndi mamita 85 mm.
Pa imodzi ya magalasi okonzedwa bwino, opangidwa ndi chitoliro chachitsulo 15 * 15 mm. Kuti mukhale ndi ntchito yabwino, chubu imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chogwiritsira ntchito chomwe chidzasinthasintha.
Thupi lopangidwira limapangidwira pa chimango cha 15 * 15 mm mapaipi ogwirizanitsidwa ndi zitsulo za 20 * 2 mm. Chitsulo chimapangidwira motero kuti crusher ikhoza kukhazikika pamtundu wa phala. 
Zonse za matabwa a crusher zimatetezedwa mu zigawo zitatu kuti ziteteze motsutsana ndi madzi a mphesa. Kuphweka kotereku kumapindulitsa mu chuma cha winemaker aliyense wachinsinsi.
Mudzakhalanso wokondwa kudziwa momwe kukonzekera maula vinyo, wakuda currant vinyo, ananyamuka petal vinyo, rasipiberi vinyo, apulo vinyo.
Chimene chingalowe m'malo mwa mphesa yamphesa
Pokonza vinyo, kugwiritsa ntchito mphesa yamphesa sikungowonjezereka, komanso kumathandizira njira yopanga zamkati. Komabe, si winemaker iliyonse, makamaka yoyamba, yomwe ikhoza kugula chopper chotero, chifukwa mtengo wa chipangizo chotchipa chimayamba kuchokera ku 7000 UAH.
Pachifukwa ichi, tiyeni tiwone njira zina zomwe mungathe kudula mphesa ndikupanga zamkati.
Njira yosavuta ndiyo kugaya mphesa ndi manja anu, makamaka ngati ndalama zake sizing'ono. Koma ngati muli ndi mphesa zambiri, zidzakutengerani pafupifupi tsiku lonse. 
Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya Adriano Celentano mu filimuyo "Kuyamwitsa kwa Nkhono", koma masiku athu oyambilira akugwa ndi mvula ndi ozizira, ndipo mphesa zopanda mapazi zingathe kuwononga thanzi lanu.
Pali njira yofulumira kugaya mphesa popanda kuvulaza thanzi. Pa ichi muyenera kugula chimanga chokonzekera. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa corolla, yopangidwa ndi maziko a ndodo zazitsulo, mosavuta ndi mosamala kuthyola mphesa, pamene kukupera mwala sikudzatero.
Pofuna kuthyola mphesa mwanjira iyi, tsitsani mphesa zing'onozing'ono mu chidebe ndikugunda ndi whisk. Mu mphindi 2-3 mudzakonzekera zamkati. Kugwiritsira ntchito njira iyi yoponderezera mphesa kumakhalanso kosavuta chifukwa pambuyo pokupera, mungathe kuchotsa mosavuta nambala ya scallops. 
Koma izi ziyenera kuchitidwa pamanja. Masamba okonzekera amatsanulira mu chidebe, pomwe idzaima nthawi ya nayonso mphamvu.
Mphesa yamphesa ndi njira yofulumira komanso yabwino kupanga phala panthawi yopanga vinyo. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mapangidwe osiyanasiyana kumakuthandizani kukonza mphesa zambiri ndikuwongolera zomwe zili m'kati mwa zakumwa zam'tsogolo.
Tsopano mukudziwa kuti ndi zotani zomwe mungasankhe posankha zovala ndi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwalawa kunyumba. Khalani ndi winemaking yabwino!
