Chrysalidocarpus ndi kanjedza yobiriwira. Amapezeka ku Madagascar, Oceania, Comoros, New Zealand, ndi ku Tropa Asia. Kuchokera ku Chi Greek zimamasuliridwa kuti "chipatso cha golide". Amadziwika kuti Areca kapena kanjedza, amakongoletsa maholo, maofesi, zipinda zazikulu.
Kufotokozera kwa Chrysalidocarpus
Chrysalidocarpus ndi wa banja la Palm, Areca subfamily. Mitengo ya kanjedza yochokera kumtunduwu ndiyopanga modutsa komanso yosanjika limodzi. Zoyambirira zimapindika limodzi kapena kukonzedwa chimodzimodzi. Lachiwiri likhale ndi thunthu limodzi. Amamera mpaka 9 m wamtali, koma toyesa omwe amakhala mkati sofika 2 m, amakula pang'onopang'ono, mwa 15-30 masentimita pachaka, ndipo samakonda kusangalala ndi maluwa.
Zimayambira ndi mawonekedwe osalala kapena mawonekedwe a pubescent zimapanga korona wokongola. Ena atulutsa mphukira, ndi ana ofananira nawo. Masamba ndi pini kapena opindika, owoneka obiriwira, okhala ndi mawonekedwe osalala kapena owongoka, omwe amakhala pamwamba pa mphukira omwe amakula pamlingo wochepa thupi 50-60 masentimita.Nthambiyo pali masamba 40-60 a lobes yopapatiza.
Imayamba kutulutsa zipatso ndi kubala zipatso zaka 2-3 mosamalidwa bwino. Panthawi yamaluwa (Meyi-Juni), inflorescence ya panicle yokhala ndi maluwa achikasu amawonekera m'matumbo a masamba. Amadziwika ndi mbewu za monocotyledonous komanso dicotyledonous. Mbewu za Chrysalidocarpus ndi zakupha.
Mitundu ya Chrysalidocarpus
Pali mitundu yopitilira 160 ya chrysalidocarpus. Madagascar ndi Yellowish amabzala pamalo, ena onse mumsewu, m'minda.
- Madagascar - Dipsis, ili ndi mtengo umodzi wowongoka wowoneka bwino wokhala ndi mphete, womwe umakulitsidwa pansi. Chophimbidwa ndi khungwa loyera. Imakula mpaka 9 m mumsewu, kunyumba mpaka mamita 3. Masamba a Cirrus, opita mpaka 45 masentimita adapangidwa m'magulu.
- Chikasu kapena Lutescens - ali ndi chitsamba, ndi nkhungu, wandiweyani, wachikaso, imachoka pamizu yaying'ono. Masamba a Cirrus, mpaka awiriawiri pa petiole yamamita awiri. Imafika kutalika kwa 10 m mwachilengedwe. Imakula bwino mchipinda mpaka 3 m.
- Trekhtychinkovy - masamba owongoka akukula kuchokera padziko lapansi monga mulu. Chipindacho chimafikira kutalika kwa mita atatu. Mumsewu mpaka ma 20. Mbale za masamba owonda ndizochepa, ndizitali. Pa maluwa limakhala ndi fungo labwino la ndimu.
- Katehu (Betel kanjedza) - amasiyana ndi thunthu lalikulu lomwe limakhala ndi masamba owongoka lalitali lomwe limasanjidwa mozungulira ndikupanga korona wowonda. Mwachilengedwe, mpaka 20 m kutalika. M'mzipinda zakumtunda wa 3. Mtengo wa kanjedza umabzalidwa madera akumwera kuti azikongoletsa dimba. Amaluwa ndipo nthawi zambiri amabala zipatso.
Kusamalira chrysalidocarpus kunyumba
Kukula kwa chrysalidocarpus kunyumba kumabweretsa zovuta zina: muyenera kupanga kuyatsa koyenera, kuthirira, kusunga chinyezi.
| Magawo | Kasupe - chilimwe | Kugwa - yozizira |
| Kuwala | Yabwino, yabalalika. Chomera chachikulu chimatha kulekerera kuwunikira dzuwa mwachindunji. Mthunzi wachinyamata kuchokera maola 11-15. | Ikani m'malo dzuwa. Gwiritsani ntchito nyali ngati kuli kofunikira. |
| Kutentha | Mulingo woyenera kwambiri + 22 ... +25 ° С. | Kuchokera pa + 16 ... +18 ° С. Samalangizidwa kuyika pafupi ndi mazenera ozizira. |
| Chinyezi | Kutalika kuchokera 60%. Utsi nthawi zonse, kuchapa kusamba 2 kawiri pamwezi (nyengo yotentha). Gwiritsani ntchito zoyereketsa zokha. | 50% Osapopera, fumbi ndi nsalu yonyowa. |
| Kuthirira | Kuchulukana monga dothi limadzala ndi madzi amvula. | Pakatikati, patapita masiku awiri pambuyo poti nthaka ipume. Kutentha kwamadzi kuthirira kuyenera kutengedwa pa 2 ° C kuposa mpweya. |
| Feteleza | Kuyambira pa Marichi mpaka Okutobala, pangani ma mineral complexes azithunzi za kanjedza kawiri m'masiku 15. Tengani mankhwalawa nthawi 10 kuposa zomwe zasonyezedwa pa phukusi. | Dyetsani kamodzi pamwezi. |
Mukathirira, simungathe kuthira madzi pamitengo. Zomera zazing'ono sizigonjetsedwa, mwa chisamaliro chotere amatha kufa.
Chisamaliro cha Chrysalidocarpus mutagula
Pambuyo pogula chrysalidocarpus, muyenera kuzolowera nyengo yatsopano. Maluwa sayenera ku Thamangitsidwa pompopompo, muyenera kuyisunga kwa masiku angapo, kuthira ndi madzi ofunda.
Podzala, sankhani mphika wamtali kuti mizu yake imere momasuka.
Ground and Landing
Kuika kumafunika pamene mizu yake yatsala pang'ono kuswa mbale. Kodi transshipment - kutulutsa dothi lonyowa, sansani zotsalira kuchokera mumphika, kutsanulira madziwo, mudzaze zosakaniza zatsopano, ziyikeni mu chidebe chomwechi. Mitengo yayikulu ya kanjedza siyidutsa, ingosintha dothi lakumtunda. Nthawi yogulitsa ndi Epulo.
Nthaka imasankhidwa kukhala yachonde, yopepuka. Ziyenera kukhala zopanda ndale kapena pang'ono acidic, osati zamchere. Gulani osakaniza opangidwa ndi mitengo ya kanjedza. Omwe alimi ena amakonza gawo logawika: magawo awiri a dothi losakhwima ndi dongo louma, umodzi wa humus, peat, mchenga wamphepete mwa makala, pang'ono. Kwa mbande zazing'ono, mapangidwe osiyana amasankhidwa: magawo anayi a nthaka ya sod, peat ndi humus m'magawo awiri, mchenga umodzi.
Malangizo a Chrysalidocarpus
Mtundu wa mphikawo uyenera kukhala wopepuka, chifukwa wotenthetsa pang'ono chilimwe. Zida - pulasitiki, nkhuni. Palibenso chifukwa chozama chozama chikamasinthira.
Pazitsotso gwiritsani ntchito miyala, miyala, mwala wosweka, perlite yayikulu. Simuyenera kupanga madzi osunthika poto, tengani madzi oyeretsedwa, kusungunuka, madzi amvula a kuthirira komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
Nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse ndikuchotsa masamba owuma, masamba akale, achikasu. Mutha kudula masamba okha osafa, Thunthu silikuwonongeka.
Pindani pachipindacho, koma pewani kukonzekera. Kusiyana kwa kutentha ndi kuyatsa kumatha kupirira zokhazo zapamwamba zokha. Zungulitsani maluwa madigiri a 180 masiku khumi alionse.
Kuswana
Fotokozerani kanjedza ndi zodula.
Mbewu
Zochita zapakati pa kubereka:
- Zilowerereni kwa masiku awiri m'madzi ofunda kapena kwa mphindi 10 mu njira yothetsera sulfuric acid kuti mupangitse kumera (2-3 imatsikira madzi 200).
- Zabzala mu peat, chimodzi mumbale iliyonse.
- Pangani mini-greenhouse (chivundikiro ndi filimu).
- Kutentha kumapangitsa + 25 ... +30 ° C madigiri, chinyezi 70%.
- Atamera mbande (pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri) amakhala.
Kudula
Zoweta mchaka:
- Mphukira zazing'ono zimadulidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa.
- Chotsani masamba onse.
- Gawo pa chomera limakonkhedwa ndi phulusa, louma.
- Wodula amathandizidwa ndi wothandizila kuzula mizu (heteroauxin) ndi kubzala mumchenga.
- Kutentha + 27 ... +30 ° С.
Mizu imamera pambuyo pa miyezi itatu.
A Dachnik adalangiza: zovuta zomwe zingatheke posamalira chrysalidocarpus ndi yankho lawo
Ngati mbewuyo ikukula bwino, imadwala - imafunikira kuvala pamwamba, boma loyendetsa madzi, ndikuwunikira koyenera.
| Vutoli | Zizindikiro | Njira kukonza |
| Kuperewera kwa nayitrogeni | Masamba amakhala obiriwira wopepuka, kenako wachikasu, mbewuyo imasiya kukula. | Gwiritsani ntchito nitrate (ammonia, sodium), ammophos, urea. |
| Kuperewera kwa potaziyamu | Masamba achikasu, malalanje pam masamba akale, necrosis yamphepete imawonekera, tsamba limawuma. | Dyetsani ndi potaziyamu sulfate, phulusa la nkhuni. |
| Kuperewera kwa Magnesium | Mikwingwirima yowoneka bwino m'mbali. | Pangani kuvala kwapamwamba ndi magnesium sulfate, kalimagnesia. |
| Kuperewera kwa Manganese | Masamba atsopano ndi ofooka, okhala ndi mikwingwirima ya necrotic, yaying'ono kukula. | Gwiritsani ntchito manganese sulfate. |
| Kuperewera kwa Zinc | Malo owoneka bwino, masamba ndi ofooka, ochepa. | Gwiritsani feteleza wa zinc sulfate kapena zinc. |
| Kuyanika, kuzizira, kusakwanira | Mawonekedwe a bulauni pamiyala yamasamba. | Onjezerani kutentha, chinyezi, madzi ochulukirapo. |
| Dzuwa lowonjezera kapena chinyezi chochepa | Tsamba lamasamba limasanduka chikasu. | Shala pakatentha kwambiri, madzi nthawi zambiri. |
| Tsamba lotuwa | Kuthirira ndi madzi olimba, kuthirira kwamadzi, kutentha pang'ono. | Kutsirira koyenera, kutentha malinga ndi nyengo, kuteteza madzi. |
| M'munsi mumachita mdima ndi kufa | Kuchuluka kwambiri. Masamba adadulidwa ndi dzanja. | Dulani mbalezo ndi lumo lakuthwa. |
| Malangizo a mbale ya Brown | Kuzizira, mpweya wouma, kusowa chinyezi. | Onjezerani kutentha, moisturize, madzi nthawi zambiri. |
Khazikitsani madziwo kuti madzi atatha kuthilira mu poto.
Kuti muwone kuti nthawi yakuthirira yafika, kubaya pansi ndi ndodo ya sushi. Pakanyowa pang'ono - mutha kuthirira madzi, dothi limamatika - sinthawi.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Zomera zitha kulimbana ndi matenda oyamba ndi tizirombo, tizirombo.
| Matenda / Tizilombo | Mawonekedwe | Njira zoyesera |
| Helminthosporiosis | Mawanga amdima pamasamba, ndi mkombero wachikasu. | Chitani ndi fungicide (Vitaros, Topaz), nthawi zambiri samathirira madzi, kuchepetsa chinyezi. |
| Chuno | Tizilombo timayambitsa chikasu ndikuwonongeka kwa tsamba. | Chitani ndi swab ya mowa, ndiye mankhwala ophera tizilombo (Aktara, Mospilan). |
| Mafunso | Masamba owuma, ndi madontho achikasu. | Kukambirana ndi acaricidal wothandizira (Antiklesch, Actellik, Envidor). Khalani ndi chinyezi chambiri. |
Ubwino ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chrysalidocarpus
Malinga ndi zizindikiro, chrysolidocarpus imapereka nyonga yabwino, imachotsa malingaliro osalimbikitsa. Ayeretsa mpweya kuzinthu zovulaza: benzene, formaldehyde; imawonjezera chinyezi cha mpweya, imalemeretsa ndi ozoni, mpweya.
Ngakhale kuopsa kwa mtengowu, umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati anthelmintic, ndimatumbo. Ku Philippines, mtengo wa kanjedza umakula kuti upange chingamu.
