Kentrantus ndi chomera chokulirapo pakatikati pa mitengo yokongola, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapangidwe a maluwa komanso mapangidwe a maluwa. Ndi gawo la subfamily la Valerianov, ndichifukwa chake amatchedwa valerian wofiira mwa anthu wamba, koma alibe mankhwala. Dziko lakwawo la cententiyo limawerengera kuti ndi Mediterranean, chifukwa chake amakonda dothi lamchenga, kutentha ndi dzuwa.
Kufotokozera
Izi osatha imakhala ndi mizu yachidule yopanda maziko yokhala ndi nthambi zowonda. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake, imakonda kufanana ndi zitsamba osati mbewu wamba. Kukula kwakukulu kwa tchire kumakhala kutalika kwa 90cm mpaka 60 cm mulifupi. Pamtunda wonsewo wa tsinde pali masamba amtambo ndi amtambo wobiriwira. Masamba apansi ali ndi petioles zazing'ono, pomwe kumtunda kumakhala kwambiri pa tsinde.
Tsinde limakhala ndi korona wokhala ndi nthambi, njira iliyonse yomwe imakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono omwe amatengedwa m'ma ambulera. Pali zamtundu wazithunzi zonse zofiira, ndichifukwa chake chomera chimatchedwanso kuti centrantus ofiira. Mtunduwu ndi mtundu wokhawo pakati pa olimidwa omwe alimi amagwiritsa ntchito.
Zimasamba pachimake kawiri nyengo imodzi, kudzaza mundawo ndi fungo lokoma lamphamvu. Kutulutsa koyamba kumachitika mu Juni-Julayi, ndipo kwachiwiri mu Ogasiti-Sepemba. Mbewu ilinso ndi nthawi yakucha kawiri ndikuyamba kutuluka mu bokosilo, kotero kumadziphukitsa nthawi zonse.
Zosiyanasiyana zamasenti
Zoweta zidabereka mitundu ingapo ya centrantus, yomwe imalola wamaluwa kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri kapena kuphatikiza mitundu ingapo nthawi imodzi. Nayi kusiyana kwawo kwakukulu:
- Ruber (ofiira). Mabasi mpaka 1 m kutalika ndi 60 cm mulifupi, wokutidwa ndi masamba ndi mphukira zazing'ono. Scarlet inflorescence zazikulu zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena piramidi. Pakati pa masamba pali maluwa amitundu yoyera, yapinki, yofiirira.
- Wocheperako. Yachiwiri yotchuka kwambiri komanso yofanana kwambiri ndi mitundu ya ruber. Amasiyana m'masamba masambidwe ake ndi masamba aliwonse Opanda akatswiri nthawi zambiri samawona kusiyana ndikuphatikiza mitundu iwiri iyi ya centrantus.
- Kutalika kwamtunda. Tchire zazitali zokhala ndi masamba obiriwira ambiri zimakutidwa ndi duwa loyera. Masamba ndi oval ndipo lanceolate ndi m'mphepete. Amasiyana mu kukula kwa inflorescence. Peduncle mpaka 20cm kutalika amaphimbidwa ndi maluwa akulu poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina. Kukula kwa mphukira iliyonse kuli pafupifupi 15 mm. Maluwa ndi akuda, ofiirira.
- Valerian. Woimira wocheperako. Kutalika kwake sikupitirira 10-30 cm, ndipo inflorescence imakhala ndi pinki ndi phulusa phulusa. Amamasuka pamaso pa ena ndipo amasangalatsa wamaluwa kuyambira Epulo mpaka kumapeto kwa June.
- Pakati pazatsopano za obereketsa, mtundu wina wamitundu ingathe kusiyanasiyana Rasipiberi Jingle. Amadziwika ndi lalikulu rasipiberi inflorescence ndi maluwa mpaka 1 cm. Mawonekedwe a inflorescences ndi piramidi. Chitsamba chimakhala ndi masamba, chimakutidwa ndi masamba amimvi, kutalika kwakukulu ndi 80 cm.
Kuswana
Njira yayikulu yofalitsira Centrantus imadziwika kuti ndikubzala mbewu. Mutha kubzala mbewu mu Seputembala kapena Meyi. Zomera za malonjezo zimaphatikizidwanso ndi masamba. Kukula mbande mu Marichi, njere zofesedwa mumiphika, osati kuwaza pansi. Kuti mphukira inali yochulukirapo, ndikofunikira kuwonetsa zomwe zili mumawonekedwe a kutentha kwa chipinda. Mukakula mpaka 5cm, kukula kwake kumamera, ndikusiya mphukira wamphamvu kwambiri mumphika. Pakati pa Meyi, mbande zimabzalidwa m'mundamo, pamtunda wa 40-45 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
Muthanso kufalitsa Centrantus ndi zodula kapena kugawa tchire. Kuti muchite izi, ikani mu Julayi kapena Ogasiti kapena kudula nthambi zamphamvu ndikuzikhomera mu dothi lachonde mumphika mpaka mainchesi 10. Mukazika mizu, mutha kudzala potseguka.
Chomera chimayamba kukalamba mwachangu, ndiye kuti zaka zitatu zilizonse muyenera kukonzanso dimba la maluwa ndi mphukira zatsopano kapena mbande. Kupanda kutero, kuchuluka kwa maluwa kumachepera, ndipo gawo la nthambi m'munsi limakhala louma ndikutaya masamba. Njira yina yosavuta yofalitsira madzi ikukwanira kumera kwa zokongoletsera.
Kulima ndi chisamaliro
Monga nthumwi yowala ya maluwa aku Mediterranean, centrantus amakonda malo owoneka bwino, opanda phokoso. Ndizoyenera madera osakanikirana, kukongoletsa malire, masonry ndi minda yamiyala.
Podzala, sankhani dothi lachonde ndikuphatikiza laimu. Ndikofunikira kuti zitsimikizire bwino mpweya ndi madzi, komanso ngalande kuti mizu isakhudzidwe ndi zowola. Ngati nthaka ikakhala kuti siyabwino kwambiri, mbewu zimayenera kudyetsedwa mwezi uliwonse ndi nayitrogeni (nthawi yakula) ndi feteleza wopanda (nthawi ya maluwa) feteleza. Kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe, feteleza wa phosphorous ndi potaziyamu amawonjezeredwa.
Kuchuluka chinyezi ndikosafunikira, kotero kuthirira ndikofunikira kokha ndi chilala chotalikilapo, nthawi zina kugwa kwamvula kwachilengedwe. Kuchulukana kwambiri kumayambitsa mapangidwe pamasamba. Ngati izi zapezeka, zobiriwira zonse zomwe zakhudzidwa zimadulidwa.
Chifukwa cha kuthekera kwakukulu kwa kudzidula ndi kuchuluka kwa tchire, kudulira nthawi zonse ndi kupatulira kwa achinyamata mphukira ndikofunikira. Popanda zochitika izi, Cententius ipitilira gawo lake muzaka ziwiri.
Maluwa oyamba akafota, muyenera kudula masamba oyambira masamba awiri okha, ndipo masamba atsopano adzaphuka. Pakati pa nthawi yophukira, mapesi amawokedwa kwathunthu.
Chisamaliro cha dzinja
Ngati nyengo yozizira ndi yozizira, muyenera kuphimba mizu. Ndi kuchepa pang'ono kutentha, ndikokwanira kuwaza ma rhizomes ndi wosanjikiza wa peat ndi masamba agwa. Ngati chisanu ndichulukirachulukira ndipo kukugwa chipale chofewa, muyenera kumanga malo okhala kapena kugwiritsa ntchito polyethylene, ziguduli kapena agrofiber (zida zapadera zopanda nsalu), nthambi ndi njira zina zotetezera mbewu kuti zisasungidwe kwambiri ndi chisanu.
