Kusamalira beloperone

Botany zamakono amadziwa zomera zokongola komanso zosiyana - sizingatheke kukalowa mkati mwa chipinda kapena flowerbed, komanso zimakhala zokongoletsera za maluwa.

Mmodzi mwa zomerazi ndi Beloperone yokongola, yomwe imapezeka m'mayiko athu ozizira kuchokera kumadera otentha otentha. Komabe, okonda zomera samasowa kudzala maluwa awa, monga amakhulupirira kuti m'mayiko athu akummwera sikungathe kukhazikitsa mikhalidwe yoyenera.

Ndipo lero tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane zomwe whiteperon ilili komanso ngati ziyenera kukula pawindo.

Malongosoledwe a zomera

Beloperone - osatha maluwa okongola a mtundu wa Justice, banja la Acanta. Anthu amtunduwu ali ndi dzina losiyana: nthawi zambiri, ambiri amawatcha "malo opangira" kapena "mitsuko ya nsomba zazing'ono." Mitengo ya kumidzi imatengedwa kuti ndi madera otentha ndi ochokera kumayiko a South America.

Kawirikawiri mawonekedwewa ali ndi mawonekedwe a hafu-shrub, koma zitsamba zenizeni zimapezedwanso. Pafupifupi onse a Acanthus ali ndi mphukira zazing'ono, zomwe zimadziwika ndi zofooka za lignification. Nthaŵi zambiri, amakula mwamaliseche, koma mitundu ina ili ndi pubescence yofooka.

Mukudziwa? Mtundu wa Justice unatchulidwa pambuyo pa mlimi wa ku Scottish James Justis, yemwe m'zaka za zana la XVIII woyamba adawulula imodzi mwa maluwa amenewa.

Kutalika kwa beloperone kumakhala kosavuta: chomera chachikulu chimakula kufika mamita 1, koma mwachilengedwe pali zitsamba ndi pafupifupi 1.5 mamita.Mapepala a zomera ndiwo ovate, elliptical, oboola mavi, amadziwika ndi umoyo wofooka, wofooka, komanso zosiyana pa mphukira.

Acanthus, Tunbergia, Kunyenga, Afelandra, komanso Beloperone, ali m'banja la Acanta.

Ma lamina akhoza kukhala aatali masentimita 15, koma nthawi zambiri mumbewu imakhala mkatikati mwa masentimita 10. Maluwa a beloperone ndi a tubular, okhaokha, koma chowoneka bwino ndi amatsitsimadzi, omwe amapezeka pa mphukira.

Mithunzi yawo imakhala yofiira kapena yonyezimira mpaka pinki yofiira kapena yofiira-pinki. Ndi chifukwa cha chikhalidwe ichi chomwe mitunduyo imakondana ndi alimi a maluwa padziko lonse lapansi.

Koma chomeracho sichikupatsani chokongoletsera kwa zomera komabe, monga kuwala kowala kwambiri komwe kumakhala kokongola kwambiri. Zimasonkhanitsidwa ndi zozizwitsa zooneka ngati zooneka bwino, ndipo zina zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Maluwawo amatha miyezi 8-10 pachaka, pambuyo pake mpumulo umayamba.

Mitundu

Masiku ano, pafupifupi mitundu 60 yokhala ndi maonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndi maonekedwe amtunduwu amadziwika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya acanthaceae. Komabe, pakati pawo, ambiri sapeza kutchuka kwapadera.

Kupambana kwakukulu ndi onse okonda zinyama ndi akunja ndi awa:

1. Dulani beloperone - Chomera chobiriwira chimachokera ku Mexico, kotero amaluwa amaluwa nthawi zambiri amatcha "Mexico". Kutalika kwa malingaliro kumafikira pafupi mamita 1, imadziwika ndi nthambi zambiri.

   Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe ovoid, omwe sakhala ovunda. La lamina ndi yopapatiza kwa petiole, pubescent ndi pamwamba ndi pansipa. Pa mphukira masambawo ali moyandikana, kutalika kwa tsambali liri mkati mwa masentimita 7.

   Maluwawo nthawi zambiri amawoneka ofiira oyera, amasonkhanitsidwa ndi mapuloteni otchedwa sclorescences, omwe amafika kutalika kwa masentimita 20 ndipo ali mu axils of bracts a pubescent. Mtundu wa bracts umakhala wachikasu, wofiira kapena wobiriwira-wachikasu.

2. Kuwomba white opone var. longispica purpurea - Mitengo ya maluwa ya ku Mexican, yomwe imatha kutalika kwa masentimita 80. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, chomerachi chimakhala ndi nthambi yambiri, komanso yoonda kwambiri.

   Kuwonjezera pa Beloperone, clitoria, alokaziya, tillandsiya, gloriosa, aglaonema, albino, philodendron, dracaena ndi cordilina zimakhalanso ndi zomera za m'nyengo zam'mlengalenga.

   Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena ovoid, akuwonetsera pamwamba, pang'ono pubescent. Maluwa owongoka amayamba kukhala owala kwambiri. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku mitundu ina ya maluwa ndi pafupifupi maluwa pachaka ndi nthawi yopuma yopuma. N'chifukwa chake oponi yoyera imeneyi ndi yamtengo wapatali ngati chomera chokongoletsera kunyumba.

   Mukudziwa? Mpaka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, duwa loyera la operone silinkadziwike kwa anthu ammudzi. Komabe, zonse zinasintha mu 1932 pambuyo pa malo otchuka padziko lonse ku Hanover. Chomera chatsopanocho chinakondedwa kwambiri ndi alimi a maluwa odziwa maluwa kuti muzaka makumi angapo chabe zikufalikira padziko lonse lapansi.
3. Plumbagolus beperoperone - semi-shrub omwe dziko lawo likuonedwa kuti ndi madera ozungulira a nkhalango ku Brazil. Duwa limayamikiridwa chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osangalatsa komanso ofooka, pafupifupi ngakhale mphukira. Amapanga masamba opanda chikopa a mawonekedwe a lanceolate ndi chingwe chochepa. Chomeracho chimamera kwambiri, panthawi ya zomera zogwira ntchito, maluŵa ofiira ofiira omwe amakhala ofiira masentimita asanu amaoneka pa mphukira. Iwo amasonkhana mu axillary inflorescences, ndipo ma stiples ndi bracts ali ndi mawonekedwe a lanceolate.

Kusamalira Zomera

Woimira wotentha wotere, monga Beloperone, safuna kusamalidwa kovuta kapena kotsika mtengo, chifukwa chake maluwa amenewa akukula bwino m "malo amkati padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, kuti nthumwi yazomerayo ikhale bwino bwino ndikukondweretsa maluwa kwa zaka zambiri, akufunikirabe kukhazikitsa zofunikira. Tidzakambirana zambiri za iwo.

Kuunikira

Kuti apange malo abwino kwambiri a maluwa, mwiniwakeyo amafunika kupanga kuwala kowala koma kosiyana. Komabe, nthawi zochepa zowunikira ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa m'mawa ndi madzulo sizidzavulaza, koma mosiyana, zidzakhazikitsa bwino kwambiri microclimate.

Poto yabwino kwambiri ndi mbewu imeneyi idzamvekera kumadzulo kapena kummawa kwa nyumbayo, koma ikhoza kukhwima bwino pazenera kuchokera kumwera ndi kumwera chakumwera. M'nyengo yozizira, duwa imafuna chitsimikizo china, kotero ndikofunikira kuti muyambe kukonza kuwala kopangidwira.

Ndikofunikira! Mazira amphamvu kwambiri a dzuwa pa masana ndi owopsa kwambiri kwa beloperone, kotero pa nthawi ino chomera chiyenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa mwakuya momwe zingathere.

Kutentha

M'nyengo ndi nyengo yachisanu, chisamaliro chiyenera kuchitidwa kuti zitsimikize kuti mbewuyo ili ndi nyengo yabwino yotentha yomwe ili pafupi ndi 20 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira ndi yophukira, kutentha kukuyenera kuchepetsedwa kufika + 12-16 ° C. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, kuwonjezeka kwake kuyenera kupewedwa ndi kuposa 16 ° С, mwinamwake maluwa angataye masamba ake.

Kuonjezerapo, kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha ndi kuzizira kumakhala koopsa kwambiri kwa mitundu, choncho duwa liyenera kutetezedwa kuzithunzi.

Zokongola kukongoletsa kunyumba houseplants wanu monga Kufa, Gloriosa, Drimiopsis, Euphorbia, hypoestes, anthurium, zephyranthes, Spathiphyllum, nematanthus, Radermacher, Alokaziya, Guzman, Pentas, Calceolaria, crossandra, Adenium, vrieziya.

Nthaka

Gawo labwino koposa la mbeu ndilo zowonongeka maluwa. Amapangitsa kuti zikhale ndi zamoyo zonse zofunikira kuti zikhale ndi khalidwe komanso kwa nthawi yaitali. Pankhani ya kudzikonzekera kwa nthaka ndibwino kwambiri kusakaniza nthaka yomwe ili ndi pepala, nthaka ya sod, peat ndi mchenga mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 1: 2: 1. Pachifukwa ichi, nthaka yosafunika kwambiri kapena ya alangizi iyenera kupeŵa, popeza momwe pH mtengo wapataliwu ungakhalire 5.5-6.5.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge momwe mungadziwire okha kukhala acidity wa nthaka.

Kuthirira

M'nyengo yotentha, nthaka iyenera kuthiriridwa mochulukira, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo sayenera kuloledwa kuti iwonongeke, choncho kuthirira kawirikawiri kuyenera kuchitika pambuyo pa kuyanika kwa pamwamba pa nthaka. Ngati mutsefukira, madzi ayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo, mwinamwake zingayambitse matenda a beloperone.

M'nyengo yozizira, kuchuluka kwa madzi kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, koma kuuma kwakukulu kuyenera kupeŵa. Nthawi yoyenera kubzala nthaka ndi mawonekedwe a khungu lowuma pamwamba pa gawo lapansi.

Ndikofunikira! Kuthirira kumayenera kuchitidwa ndi madzi kutentha, kopanda kuthira madzi ozizira kungachititse kudwala komanso kufa kwa duwa.

Chinyezi

Popeza Beloperone ndi woimira zomera za kutentha, kuti zomera zisamawoneke, m'pofunika kuzisungunula nthawi ndi nthawi mothandizidwa ndi botolo. Ndondomeko ikhoza kuchitidwa tsiku ndi tsiku, koma osaposa 1 nthawi patsiku. Pereuvlazhnyat chomera sizothandiza, chifukwa zingachititse fungal invasions mphukira ndi masamba.

Kupaka pamwamba

Mu nyengo ya kukula kwachangu kuyambira pa March mpaka September, beperone yoyera imafuna kudyetsa kwina - izi zidzakuthandizani kuti mupeze zomera zabwino. M'chaka ndi chilimwe, duwa limadyetsedwa kawiri pamwezi, koma pamene kutentha kwa mpweya kuli pansi + 18 ° C, zimayenera kudyetsedwa kamodzi pamwezi.

Monga chitsimikizo chowonjezera cha zinthu zofunika mungagwiritse ntchito feteleza aliwonse pa mitundu ya maluwa. Mukhoza kukonzekera nokha: chifukwa ichi, 2 g / l ya feteleza yamtengo wapatali imayenera kusungunuka m'madzi pofuna kuthirira. Gwiritsani ntchito kusakaniza kuti muzitsuka nthaka m'malo mwa madzi omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito matepi.

Mukudziwa? Kufotokozedwa ndi kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane Beloperone anali mu XIZaka zana la X chifukwa cha Townsend Brandeggi.

Kudulira

Popeza Beloperone ndi chomera chofulumira, amafunika kudulira: ayenera kutsukidwa kawirikawiri kuchokera ku mphukira zowonjezera. Pokhapokha padzakhala zotheka kukwaniritsa zowoneka bwino zokhazokha za korona, komanso mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe atsopano.

Pofuna kuti maluwawo awonedwe bwino kwambiri, ndi koyenera kudula theka la kutalika kwa mphukira zisanayambe nyengo isanayambe (kumayambiriro kwa masika).

Lembani nsonga zomwe mukufunikira pa nthawi ya maluwa. Panthawiyi, thupi la mbeu limadalira zakudya zina zambiri, choncho zimatha kudula alimi ambiri akuyamba kudyetsa maluwa.

Video: momwe mungasamalire beloperon

Kuwaza

Ndondomeko ya kuzizira iyenera kuchitidwa panthawiyi pamene mizu ya maluwa imadzaza gawo lapansi mu mphika. Young zomera ayenera kuziika chaka ndi chaka, akulu - malingana ndi kukula kwa mlingo ndi mphamvu. Nthawi zina, pansi pazikhala bwino, maluwa amafunika kuika 2 nthawi pa nyengo - simuyenera kuopa izi.

Sikoyenera kuti tipeze peperone yoyera mumphika waukulu, monga momwe mphika ukuyenera kuwonjezereka pang'onopang'ono. Njira yoyenera idzakhala mphika, yomwe idzakhala 3-5 masentimita awiri kuposa kale.

Ndikofunikira! Beloperone ali ndi mizu yovuta kwambiri, chotero, pakuika, gawo lapansi ndi chomera liyenera kuchotsedwa monga mosamala momwe zingathere.

Zomwe zili mkatizi zimachokera ku vaseka yakale zimayikidwa muzatsopano, kenako zitsamba zonse zimadzazidwa ndi nthaka yatsopano yosakaniza zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa. Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, chomeracho chiyenera kutsanuliridwa mochuluka ndi madzi: izo zimayankha bwino kwa zakudya zamtundu wapadera zodyera.

Njira yoikiranso mbeu iyenera kuchitika isanayambe nyengo yoyamba ikukula, kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March.

Kuswana

Mofanana ndi zomera zina zamkati, whiteperon imabereka bwino mwazidziwitso. Nthaŵi zambiri, maluwa atsopano amapezeka mwa kudula kapena kumera kuchokera ku mbewu. Njira iliyonse ili ndi ubwino wake ndi ubwino wake, komabe, zimatsimikizira zotsatira pafupifupi 100%. Kenako, tidzakambirana zambiri mwa zonsezi.

Cuttings

The cuttings ikuchitika kumayambiriro kasupe, popeza mphamvu ya rooting mu nthawi ina ya chaka adzakhala otsika kwambiri.

Mitengo yachitsulo imafalikizidwanso ndi zomera zamkati monga zowona, dizygoteka, solanum, columney, callistemon, ripsalis, mfumu Geranium, cordilina, azalea, petunia, shefera.

Ndondomekoyi ili ndi ndondomeko zotsatirazi:

1. Kuchokera kuzing'ono, osati zopanda mphamvu, m'pofunika kudula cuttings pafupifupi 10-15 masentimita yaitali.
2. Mdulidwe uyenera kuloledwa mu njira yapadera ya mahomoni yokhala ndi rooting, yomwe ingagulidwe pa shopu lililonse la maluwa.
3. Kudula mankhwalawa kumayenera kubzalidwa mu mphika wawung'ono ndi gawo lapansi ndi kuthirira mochuluka.
4. Chidebecho ndi chomeracho chimayikidwa mu thumba la pulasitiki lotseguka, ilo liri lotseka lotsekedwa, ndiyeno nkuyikidwa mu ngodya yofunda.
5. Pambuyo pa masabata asanu ndi limodzi ndi asanu ndi atatu (8-8), timadontho timene timadula timatha kuziika mu mphika wamuyaya.

1. Kudula kudula kumachitika pa mphambano ya 45 ° - izi zimapangitsa kuti chiwerengero cha achinyamata mizu chikhale chokwanira.
2. Monga dothi, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lapadera la maluwa, ndi kusakaniza kosakanizidwa ndi dzanja lanu molingana ndi momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa.
3. Pa nthawi yolima mizu, zomera zimayenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa.
4. Ndikofunika kuchotsa maluwa otchulidwa mu phukusi pang'onopang'ono, pamasiku angapo. Kuti muchite izi, choyamba muyenera kutsegula phukusi kwa mphindi zingapo, kenako pang'onopang'ono kuonjezera nthawi yomwe kudula kumakhalabe panja mpaka mutapulumutsidwa.
5. Pambuyo pake ndikupita kumalo osatha, kudula kumayenera kudyetsedwa: nthawi yotentha, kudyetsa kumachitika 2 nthawi pamwezi, kuzizira - osaposa 1.

Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kulimbikitsa kukula kwa Beloperone, panthawi ya zomera zogwira ntchito, duwa liyenera kuthirizidwa nthawi ndi madzi otentha. Kuti muchite izi, mu bafa mothandizidwa ndi mvula yowonjezera, muyenera kuyambitsa mikhalidwe ya wowonjezera kutentha, ndikutsanulira madzi pa maluwa ndi madzi otentha kwa mphindi 10. Pambuyo pake, mu madzi osambira, chomeracho chiyenera kusiya kwa ola limodzi.

Video: kumangiriza whiteoperone

Mbewu

Mofanana ndi kukulumikiza, kubereka mbewu kumapangidwa bwino kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, koma mukhoza kupeza mbande zabwino mmalo mwa chipinda chaka chonse.

Ntchitoyi ili ndi ndondomeko zotsatirazi:

1. Konzekerani mbeu za kubzala - pazifukwazi, malalanje a lalanje ayenera kuchotsedwa mosamala kumapeto kwa mbeu iliyonse.
2. Sakanizani mbewu mumadzi ofunda kwa maola 48.
3. Konzani dothi lapadera lofesa. Kuti muchite izi, sungani mchenga wambiri ndi nthaka mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 1.
4. Lembani tanja lofesa ndi gawo lapansi.
5. Pangani nyembazo mofanana pa nthaka ndikuphimba ndi gawo laling'ono.
6. Ikani mphika pamalo otentha.

Pambuyo pa miyezi 4-8, mbewuzo zidzamera, pambuyo pake ziphuphu zikhoza kuikidwa mu mphika wamuyaya.

Kuti muwone bwino kumera, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatirazi:

1. Mbeu za opononi yoyera zimangotaya mwamsanga kumera kwake, choncho, ndi mbeu zawo siziyenera kuchedwa.
2. Madzi okumbitsa mbewu sayenera kupitirira + 40 ° C, mwinamwake mbewu zimatha kufa.
3. Kuonjezera kumera pakukwera madzi muyenera kuwonjezera madontho 5-10 a feteleza.
4. Pambuyo pofesa, mwina gawo laling'ono la mbeu liyenera kukhala panja.
5. Kutentha kwa chipinda cha kumera sikuyenera kukhala pansi pa + 25 ° C, mwinamwake kuyenerera kwake sikungatheke.

Mavuto akukula

Kawirikawiri, kulima maluwawa payekha si ntchito yovuta, monga chomera sichitha kutchedwa "whimsical". Kawirikawiri, mavuto ndi duwa amangochitika pokhapokha ngati sakusamalidwa bwino. Zotsatira zake, kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa masamba ndi mphukira, mpaka imfa ya chomeracho.

Nthawi zambiri, Beloperone amatha kuthirira madzi osagwirizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chinyezi chisawonongeke. Pofuna kupewa izi, duwa liyenera kuthiriridwa m'magawo ang'onoang'ono pambuyo pooneka ngati madzi owuma pamwamba pa gawo lapansi.

Komanso musagwedezeke komanso maluwa, chifukwa izi zingachititse kuti musamve maluwa komanso kukula kwa masamba ambiri. Choncho, panthawi ya zomera zogwira ntchito, nambala ya feedings pamwezi sayenera kupitirira 2 njira, m'nyengo yozizira sayenera kukhala yoposa 1.

Kuwonjezera pamenepo, nyengo yabwino yozizira ndi yofunikira kwa mbewu, popeza imakhala yonyowa kwambiri ndi mdima, masambawo akhoza kutembenukira chikasu, ndipo ngati wouma kwambiri, idzawonongeka kwathunthu.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Nthaŵi zambiri, whiteperon imatanthawuza kusagonjetsedwa kwa mitundu yonse ya matenda ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Koma kawirikawiri, chomerachi chikhonza kukhudzidwa ndi matenda ena. Nthawi zambiri zomera zimachokera ku:

• nsabwe za m'masamba - amachititsa kusinthasintha kwa masamba, kusinthasintha kwathunthu, komanso kuphulika kwa achinyamata, osalimba. Побороть вредителя можно при помощи обработки цветка мыльным раствором либо раствором пиретрума. В случае обильного заражения применяют "Актеллик" или "Фосбецид";
• whiteflies - паразитирует на поверхности листочков и побегов. Tizilombo tingathe kudziwika ndi chiwombankhanga, chomwe chimatuluka ngati chikugwedeza duwa. Chotsani tizilombo mothandizidwa ndi "nkhope ya Aktel" kapena "Decisom";
• tsabola wofiira - tizilombo timayambitsa chikasu cha masamba. Pansi pa masamba mungathe kuona macheza a siliva. Pofuna kupewa, duwa liyenera kusambitsidwa nthawi zonse ndi madzi, komanso kuchotsa masamba ofa. Ngati maonekedwe a tizilombo tingawoneke, akhoza kuthana bwino kwambiri ndi thandizo la Actellica (madontho 15 pa 1 l madzi).

Nthawi zina m'nyengo ya kukula mumatha kuona masamba omwe amawuluka mofulumira kapena maonekedwe a bulauni. Izi ndizo zotsatira za kusamalidwa bwino kwa duwa, kutanthauza kuti, kusagwirizana ndi malamulo omwe amwetsa madzi okwanira kapena osauka.

Popanda kuunikira kapena kutentha kwakukulu, mphukira za White Bead sizipotoka, ndipo ziphuphuzo zimawoneka bwino. Kutaya masamba mofulumira kwa masambawo kudzakhala ngati ali ndi zakudya zosakwanira kapena pafupi kwambiri ndi mphika.

Pofuna kuthetsa mavutowa, muyenera kutsata ndondomeko yomwe ili pamwambayi kuti musamalire maluwa. Beloperone ndi chomera chosavuta komanso chosasangalatsa, chomwe chinakondwera ndi okonda zinyumba zakumunda chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake achilendo, zokongoletsera komanso maluwa okwanira, komanso kuphweka kwazomwe zili.

Mtumiki Wogwiritsa Ntchito

Ine posachedwapa ndaika pa rooting cuttings (whiteperone kudula), mumadzi, popanda phukusi. Kale cuttings ndi mizu, mizu yovuta kwambiri kuposa masika ndi chirimwe. Yesetsani kuvala ozizira zenera (kuti madzi omwe sakhala ozizira).

Zikonda-ok

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Ndimakonda kuwala kosabalalika m'masamba a dzuwa kumakhala wofiira komanso maluwa obiriwira. Amamasula m'chaka choyamba, kwinakwake pamwezi, kutsanulira pamwamba, zomwe zimapereka nthambi.

LERTSYA

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