Zizindikiro ndi kulima strawberries "Zephyr"

Chaka chilichonse, mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo ndi zinyama za zomera zomwe zimalima zimalengedwa m'dziko lapansi lomwe limasiyanitsidwa ndi kukaniza matenda komanso kukolola. M'nkhani ino tidzakambirana za mtundu wa sitiroberi "Zephyr", umene umakula osati mu greenhouses, komanso pamatseguka. Timaphunzira zosiyanasiyana zochititsa chidwi komanso ngati tikubzala pa chiwembucho. Taganizirani za ulimi wamakono wamakono.

Zamkatimu:

• Kuswana
• Strawberry Kubeletsa Malangizo ochokera pa intaneti
• Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi
• Kusankha kwa malo ndi kukonzekera
• Kodi ndi nthawi yanji yomwe mungakwere
• Kupanga Row ndi Mulching
• Chisamaliro
• Kuthirira
• Kudulira
• Kusamalira dothi
• Kupaka pamwamba
• Zima
• Kulimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo
• Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito malonda pa kukula kwa strawberries
• Video: sitiroberi "Zephyr"

Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe a zosiyanasiyana

"Zefhyr" - kuswana kwa Danish, komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa kulima kwaokha komanso kwa malonda. Izi zikutiuza kuti zomera zimapanga mbewu yokhazikika, yayikulu ndi zokoma komanso malonda.

Onani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sitiroberi: Tsarina, Chamora Trusi, Fresco, Zeng Zengana, Kimberley, Malvina, Asia, Marshal, Ambuye, Masha, Kukula kwa Russian "," Elizabeth 2 "," Korolea Elizaveta "," Gigantella "ndi" Albion ".

Tili ndi kalasi yoyambirira yomwe imapanga tchire tochepa. Masamba a pubescent, anapitiriza motalika, amamanga zimayambira. Mtundu wa leaf ndi woyenera.

Koma zipatsozo zimakhala zazikulu, zojambula ndi mtundu wofiira wofiira. Zipatso zimapangidwira monga kondomu.

Ndikofunikira! Palibe voids mkati mwa sitiroberi.

Zokolola kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi - mpaka 1 makilogalamu onse.

Ubwino:

• zipatso zabwino;
• pafupifupi kulemera kwa zipatso ndi 40-50 g;
• zokolola zabwino;
• katundu samataya mauthenga awo paulendo;
• Ali ndi matenda ambiri (kuvunda, powdery mildew, fusarium);
• Zipatso zimapsa nthawi imodzi pa tchire lonse;
• chitsamba chimatsuka kutentha mpaka -16 ° C.

Tiyeneranso kukambirana za chisanu chotsutsa ndi ndondomeko ya zipatso zakucha.

Froberries - malo enieni oteteza mavitamini kuti tikhale ndi thanzi lathu. Werengani zothandiza strawberries.

Froberries akhoza kupirira kuzizira kwambiri mpaka -35 ° C, koma ngati nthaka ili ndi chipale chofewa. Popanda chipale chofewa, zitsulo zingathe kupirira kutentha kufika pa -10 ° C, ndipo mizu imafa ngati nthaka imatha mpaka 8 ° C. Choncho, ndi zofunika kubisa mabedi m'nyengo yozizira ndi mulch.

Pochita kucha, chitsamba chimapanga yaitali cholimba cholimba chomwe zipatso zimapsa. Zimayambira kupirira kulemera kwake, kotero ngakhale asanamwe kukolola masamba, sichikhudza pansi. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa simungathe kuyika masanjiki kapena agrofiber kutetezera ndi kusungira masamba obiriwira.

Kuswana

Mukamabzala mbeu zingapo pamunda wanu ndikumakolola bwino, funsolo limayambira momwe mungachulukitsire Zephyr strawberries kuti mutenge zomera zazing'ono.

Kuberekanso, monga momwe ziliri ndi mitundu yambiri ya strawberries, kumachitika m'njira zitatu: mbewu, masharubu, kugawa chitsamba.

Kufalitsa strawberries ndi mbewu sizingatheke. Mutha kutaya nthawi yochulukirapo ndipo zotsatira zake zidzakhala zofooka kwambiri, ndipo zomera zazing'ono sizikhala ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, muwononga zinthu zambiri. Strawberry kubereka ndi mbewu

Koma ndevu, iyi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yobzalitsira. Choyimira cha zosiyanasiyanazi ndi kupanga nkhumba zambiri, chifukwa cha shrub imodzi yomwe imatha kubereka mwana wamkazi wamtundu umodzi kamodzi. Ndi bwino kuyembekezera mizere yambiri ya mphukira, ndikuyambanso kupatulira. Kuswana sitiroberi masharubu Kugawidwa kwa chitsamba ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kosakanikirana. Chowonadi n'chakuti mwa njira imeneyi kubwezeretsa strawberries kumafalitsidwa. Mitundu yowonongeka imasiyanitsa ndikuti imabereka ndevu zochepa, koma zimabereka zipatso kangapo panthawi. Kwa ife, zosiyana sizitsitsimutsa ndipo zimabala masharubu ambiri, kotero simuyenera kufotokozera chitsamba mwina, mwinamwake mudzawononga chomera cha amayi, ndipo anawo adzazika mizu yaitali kuposa omwe adachokera ku ndevu.

Ndikofunikira! Chitsamba chilichonse chimatha kumasula ndevu 20, zomwe zimangokhala zokongola kwambiri.

Chonde dziwani kuti ndevu 10-15 zomwezo sizingakupatseni nambala yofanana ya zomera zakuda, koma zambiri. Pa "nthambi" iliyonse mpaka malo asanu ndi atatu amapangidwa, kotero chitsamba chokha chingakupatseni chokwanira chodzala, kuti musangomanga chiwembu, komanso kuti mugwire gawo. Mafashoni ndi kufalitsa chitsamba

Strawberry Kubeletsa Malangizo ochokera pa intaneti

Usa

Kugawa chitsamba

Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi

Ganizirani momwe mungabzalidwe strawberries. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito malangizowa kuti muzitha kuyamwa mwana wamkazi.

Kusankha kwa malo ndi kukonzekera

Nthawi zina zimadalira gawo lapansi kusiyana ndi chisamaliro, kotero muyenera kusankha malo abwino ndi nthaka yabwino ya strawberries.

Chomera chomera chiyenera kukhala pamalo otseguka, kuti mitengo kapena zitsamba zisabisale. Ngati chiwembu sichiri, ndiye kuti gawo limodzi la strawberries lidzatha chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, ndipo chachiwiri - chifukwa cha kusowa.

Ponena za acidity ya nthaka, njira yabwino ndi yopanda ndale. Ngati dothi lakhala losavuta, onjezerani mandimu, ngati ali alkaline, sulfure kapena ammonium sulphate. Musadalire kuti chomeracho chikugwirizana ndi zomwe mukuchita, ngati simungathe kukolola pang'ono.

Tsopano mukuyenera kusankha pa thanzi la nthaka ndi zowonongeka. Nthawi yomweyo muyenera kusiya malo omwe dothi lolemera liripo, kapena gawo la mkango ndi mchenga. Timafuna nthaka yopatsa thanzi, yomwe imadutsa mpweya ndi chinyezi bwino.

Monga feteleza amachita humus kapena peat. Ndi bwino kusamalira malo opangira feteleza chaka chimodzi musanabzala, chifukwa chimbudzi chomwe chili pansi pa chilengedwe cha kunja chiyenera kukhala malo opindulitsa kwambiri kwa mbewu.

Pa khungu loyamba perekani pafupifupi 5 makilogalamu a humus kapena peat, kuti gawolo likhale lokwanira komanso lothandiza.

Kuwonjezera pa feteleza zamchere, ndi bwino kuzisiya poyamba. Ngati akusoŵa, chomeracho chidzapereka chizindikiro chodziwikiratu, pambuyo pake mudzathetse vutoli. Kumbukirani kuti feteleza amchere amakhala ndi mawonekedwe omwe alipo, kotero strawberries safunikira kuyembekezera katatu kuti apeze macronutrients oyenera.

Kodi ndi nthawi yanji yomwe mungakwere

Kubzala strawberries kuyenera kuchitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe, mu theka lachiwiri la August. Ngati simukudziwa kuti nyengo idzakhala yotentha, ndiye kuti imbani zomera kale.

Strawberries amabzalidwa mu August chifukwa chake zimakhala ndi nthawi yochuluka yokhala ndi rooting ndi zovomerezeka. Ngati mutabzala kamodzi, ndiye kuti mbewuyi ilibe malo okwanira kuti mukhalebe m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo mukumapeto kwa nyengo simungapezeko zokolola konse, kapena padzakhala zochepa zochepa zomwe mukukayikira zosiyana siyana.

Ndikofunikira! Ndi bwino kubzala strawberries madzulo kapena mvula, kuti zomera zowyala musataye zinyontho zambiri.

Pa chitsamba chilichonse timakumba dzenje losiyana, lomwe liyenera kukhala lalikulu kuposa kukula kwa mizu. Kuzama kwa dzenje ndi pafupifupi masentimita 25, sikuyenera kuikidwa m'manda. Kubzala strawberries

Musanabzalako madzi pang'ono mumatsanulira pansi pachitsime, ndiye rhizome imaikidwa bwino mu dzenje ndikuwongolera. Yongolani mizu iyenera kukhala ya rooting yabwino komanso yofulumira kwambiri. Kotero inu mumasunga mphamvu ya chomera.

Froberries ndi yabwino kwambiri kubzala pafupi ndi tomato, parsley, adyo, anyezi, nyemba, nkhaka, raspberries, sea buckthorn, timbewu timeneti, timadzi timeneti, machumusi, mphesa ndi marigolds, monga zomera zimapindulira.

Mutabzala, dzenje ladzaza ndi nthaka ndipo ndizochepa kwambiri. Kwambiri madzi okwanira kufika mizu. Lembani dzenje ndi dziko lapansi

Ngati nyengo ili yotentha, ndiye mutabzala, ndibwino kuti muphimbe tchire ndi udzu kapena masamba omwe agwa kuti muteteze mitengo yatsopano ya sitiroberi.

Kupanga Row ndi Mulching

Tchire la Strawberry amafunikira malo okwanira kuti apange chidutswa chapamwamba. Kuonjezerapo, mbeu iliyonse iyenera kupatsidwa malo omwe nthaka yowonjezeramo masamba ndi madzi. Ndicho chifukwa chake onetsetsani kuti mukusamala zolinga ndi malo osayenera.

Pakati pa mizera, nkofunika kutembenuza pafupifupi 60 cm, ndipo pakati pa tchire mumtunda muli 30-45 masentimita. Cholinga chachikulu chotere pakati pa mizere chikuchitika kotero kuti ndibwino kuti azitha kuthirira ndi kumasula. Komanso musaiwale kuti chitsamba chilichonse chimapereka ndevu zambiri, zomwe zimayamba kuphuka. Ngati indent yaying'ono, ndiye kuti chiwembucho chidzakhala "chosapindulitsa" masamba a sitiroberi, chifukwa chomwe mudzasiyidwa popanda mbewu. Timabzala strawberries m'mizere

Kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyi tinalemba kuti zosiyanasiyanazi zimakhala zamphamvu kwambiri, choncho zipatso sizifuna kutetezedwa kuti zisagwirizane ndi nthaka. Pankhaniyi, ubwino wa mulch sikuti umateteze motsutsana ndi kuvunda, choncho ndi bwino kuti tikambirane mfundoyi.

Popeza tchire kabzalidwa m'munda wabwino, nthawi yomweyo amayamba kuzunzidwa ndi namsongole, zomwe sizidzangokuletsani kuti musamalire ndi kukolola, koma mudzayamba kutenga zakudya zowonongeka kuchokera pansi.

Ngati tikukamba za kukula kwa mbeu, kenaka kuika mulch ndi okwera mtengo komanso kosavuta kuthana ndi kubzala mankhwala, koma m'dera laling'ono mulch ndibwino kuteteza namsongole.

Udzu kapena udzu wodula ndi woyenera ngati mulch. Ngati mukufuna "kugona" chinachake chokhazikika, ndiye kupeza agrofibre yomwe idzatumikira zoposa chaka chimodzi.

Komanso musaiwale kuti mulch amapulumutsa zomera kutentha kusintha, kwambiri evaporation wa chinyezi ndi kuzizira. Pa chifukwa ichi, chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngakhale pamene zipatso sizingasokonezedwe ndi kukhudzana ndi gawo lapansi.

Ndikofunikira! Nthambi za Coniferous zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mulch, chifukwa zimawopseza tizirombo zambiri.

Chisamaliro

Mitundu imeneyi sitingathe kuchita popanda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pachifukwa ichi, mu zikhalidwe za wowonjezera kutentha mumayenera kupanga zinthu zonse kuti tizilombo tilowe mu chimangidwe ndikuchita ntchito yawo. Ngati izi sizichitika, ndiye kuti mukuyenera kupanga pulojekiti pogwiritsa ntchito burashi.

Kuthirira

Choyamba, timayesa momwe zinthu zilili ndi nthaka, komanso nyengo yomwe ili m'dera lanu, chifukwa izi ndizochepetsera kuchuluka kwa ulimi wothirira ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi.

Ngati poyamba dothi liri ndi dothi lalikulu, musanayese kuthirira, yang'anani chinyezi ndi dothi. Zomerazi zingathe kulimbana ndi chilala, koma ziyamba kuvunda kuchokera ku madzilogging, choncho, ndi bwino kukana kuthirira kamodzi kuposa kukwera ndi kutayika mbewu.

Mavuto a nyengo ndi ofunika. Ngati kuwonjezeka kwa kufunika kwa chinyezi kumagwirizana ndi nthawi yamvula, ndiye sikufunika kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chomwe chinayambika. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imafuna chinyezi choonjezera pokhapokha panthawi yomwe ikukula mwakhama ndikupanga zipatso. Pamene zipatso zimayamba kucha, kumwa madzi mopitirira muyeso kungangovulaza.

Kudulira

Chomeracho chimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso zakudya zowonjezera. Pa nthawi yomweyi, kukula kwa masamba kumakhudza zokolola. Kuti mulandire kuchuluka kwa zopangidwe, ayenera kudulidwa nthawi zonse.

Kumanzere popanda kusamala ndi kudulira sitiroberi baka mwamsanga ndipo wambiri overgrown. Phunzirani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito bwino ndi nthawi yoyenera masamba ndi masharubu strawberries.

Ngati mukufuna kubereka, ndiye ndevu zambiri zomwe zimaponyedwa kunja sizidzapweteka, koma ngati simukufuna kufalitsa malo oti mubzala, ndiye kuti mukufunika kuchotsa ndevu nthawi zonse kuti asatenge zakudya kuchokera ku chomera.

Pa kukula mofulumira ndi kutsanulira zipatso nthawi zonse kudula matenda ndi masamba owuma. Komanso musaiwale za mapangidwe korona. Tiyenera kupeza zipatso, osati chitsamba chachikulu cha sitiroberi.

Pambuyo kukolola (pambuyo pa masiku 15-20), masamba onse akale ayenera kudulidwa, kusiya anyamata okha rosettes. Izi zidzathandiza chomera kukonzekera nyengo yozizira.

Kusamalira dothi

Ngati simunayambe nyerere, ndiye kuti mufunika kumasula nthawi zonse ndikuchotseratu namsongole ndikupewa mpweya wa oxygen.

Kutsegula kumachitika kokha madzulo kapena mvula, pamene palibe mphepo. Ngati muchita izo masana, nthaka imataya mwamsanga chinyontho, ndipo mizu ikhoza kuwononga katemera. Chinthu chomwecho chidzachitika panthawi yomwe idzamasula dziko lapansi ndi mphepo yamphamvu.

Kuweta kumayenera kuchitika nthawi zambiri, chifukwa namsongole samangotenga zakudya zokha komanso chinyezi, komanso amatenga matenda, komanso malo osakhalitsa a tizirombo. Ngati kupalira sikupereka zotsatira, ndiye zomveka kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamagetsi.

Ndikofunikira! Ikani mankhwala mpaka maluwa. Pambuyo pake, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a herbicides sikuletsedwa.

Kupaka pamwamba

Kupaka kwapamwamba kungagawidwe mu magawo awiri: mutatha kukolola komanso chisanakhale chisanu.

Mukamakolola zipatso zonse, chitsamba chiyenera kudyetsedwa ku slurry kuchepetsedwa m'madzi kapena zitosi za nkhuku.

Izi zachitika motere: Timatenga zowonongeka zinyama zamadzi ndi madzi, ndiyeno zilowerere mu chidebe chotseguka kwa masiku khumi. Kenaka, chisakanizocho chiyenera kusungunuka ndi madzi 1 mpaka 10 musanayambe kuthirira strawberries. Top kuvala sitiroberi slurry

Pa sikisi imodzi amagwiritsa ntchito malita 7 a chakudya.

Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo kudyetsa, m'pofunika kuyambitsa kukonkha.

Nthaŵi yachiwiri feteleza imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'dzinja. Kugula zakudya zamchere zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi. 40 magalamu a nitrophoska ndi 30 magalamu a potaziyamu sulphate amayeretsedwa ndi 10 malita a madzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito pa chitsamba ndi 1 lita imodzi ya osakaniza.

Kuvala mkombero kuyenera kuchitidwa musanakhale ozizira kunja, monga chomeracho chiyenera kulandira zakudya zonse nthawi yayitali chisanachitike, mwinamwake sitiroberi idzapitirirabe. Nitrofoska

Zima

Mosasamala kanthu kuti pali chipale chofewa m'deralo kapena kakang'ono, musanayambe kudikirira chisanu, sitiroberi imafunika kuti ikhale yodzaza kuti ikhale yokutidwa ndi nthaka, mwinamwake chomera chidzafa mofulumira kwambiri.

Ganizirani zonse zomwe zili zoyenerera ndikusamalira strawberries.

Ngati pali chisanu chokwanira m'nyengo yozizira, ndiye kuti palibe chifukwa chophimba mabedi ena, koma ngati nyengo isanayambe, ndiye kuti pogona paliponse. Monga momwe zingagwiritsire ntchito nthambi kapena zokopa. Ngati zipangizo zoterezi siziri pafupi, ndiye kuti muyenera kugula mtundu wapadera wa spunbond, womwe ungakhale ngati kusungunula bwino. Kutalika kwa zinthuzo kumadalira chomwe chisanu chosakanizidwa chingateteze strawberries. Pogona strawberries spruce nthambi kwa dzinja

Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira pamatseguka ndi kutsekedwa nthaka ndi kosiyana, kotero musaphimbe strawberries mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi nthambi za spruce kapena spunbond. Mofananamo, mwinamwake, kuvulaza kuposa thandizo.

Mukudziwa? Strawberry imathandiza kulimbana ndi mutu. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti mavitaminiwa amapangidwa ndi zinthu monga ofanana ndi aspirin.

Kulimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo

Strawberry "Zephyr" imatsutsa matenda ena. Komabe, panthawi yovuta, tchire tidzakalipweteka, choncho musaiwale za kupewa.

M'chaka, tchire timachizidwa ndi mankhwala otsatirawa: Karbofos kapena Karate. Izi zimachitidwa pofuna kupewa kutuluka kapena kuwonongeka kwa tizirombo monga ematodes, ziwombankhanga, nthata zapadera, slugs.

Chithandizo choterechi chimachitika m'dzinja, mutatha kukolola. Panthawiyi, mankhwala amatha kusintha m'malo mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi vinyo wosasa komanso yankho la phulusa.

• White ndi bulauni tsamba malo. Izi ndi matenda ofanana ndi matenda omwe amawoneka ngati ang'onoang'ono omwe amapezeka kumadera onse a zomera. Mawangawo amakula m'mimba mwake pa nthawi, chifukwa chomwe chimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mbewuzo.Pofuna kuthana ndi bowa, amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Processing ikuchitika maluwa asanayambe. Sizimapwetekanso kuchita katatu katatu mu October kuti aphe fungal spores zomwe zimawombera.

• Chitsamba Chokongola. Ichi ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono omwe kutalika kwake sikunkaposa 0.2 mm. Kukula kwakukulu koteroko kumapangitsa kuti "kusawoneka" kwa diso la munthu. Pachifukwa ichi, kukhalapo kwa nkhuku kungathe kudziwika ndi zizindikiro za zomera. Zomera zowonongeka zimakhala zochepetsetsa, zokolola zimagwa mobwerezabwereza, ndipo zomera zotere sizikhalabe m'nyengo yozizira.

  Kuchotsa chongani kapena kuteteza kuchitika kwake, m'pofunika kuchitira malo a sulfure (100 g pa 10 malita a madzi). Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala okwana atatu pakati pa theka la mwezi. Sungani bwino masika, musanayambe maluwa. Ngati mumakayikira zogwira mtima, bwererani kuchipatala mutatha kukolola. Sulfure yamakono ingasinthidwe ndi "Actellic" kapena "Actofit" kukonzekera.

• Nematodes ndi weevils, maluwa okongola. Zomera zopweteka sizikuchiritsidwa. Pankhani ya nematode, palibe mankhwala, ndipo sikungamve bwino kutulutsa udzu wochokera ku weevil, chifukwa umatulutsa mazira maluwa. Ngati tigwiritsira ntchito mbeu pamaluwa, ndiye kuti timapeza mabulosi owopsa. Pamapeto pake, zimachitika kuti kupewa ndilo gawo lovomerezeka.

Mukudziwa? Asayansi apeza kuti kuchuluka kwa zakudya zimadalira mtundu wambiri wa mabulosi, choncho muyenera kukonda strawberry zamdima. Sizidziwikiratu momwe tingadziwire kukwanira kwa nyemba ya chinanazi strawberries, zomwe zikupezeka kutchuka.

Ndicho chimene sitiroberi "Zephyr" ndi, kusiyana kwake ndi mitundu ina, malamulo odzala ndi kusamalira tchire. Kumbukirani kuti strawberries amafunika kusintha nthawi zonse (kamodzi pakatha zaka zinayi), monga chaka chilichonse mizu yambiri imayambira kuthengo, ndipo rhizome yokha sichikulirakulira. Zimenezi zimabweretsa kukalamba mofulumira komanso kuchepetsa zokolola. Tsatirani malamulo omwe akufotokozedwa, ndipo mukhoza kupewa strawberries ku tizirombo ndi matenda.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito malonda pa kukula kwa strawberries

Video: sitiroberi "Zephyr"