Maslata ndi otchuka kwambiri pakati pa osankha bowa. Mu golide mbale, mtundu wambiri wa bowa wodyedwa, pali pafupifupi mitundu makumi anayi. Koma si onse omwe angadye. Choncho, muyenera kupeza kuti bowa ndi othandiza ndi omwe ayenera kutayidwa.
Mafotokozedwe ambiri a mafuta
Maslata ndi bowa wachikondi omwe amamera m'nkhalango zamtundu wa coniferous kapena coniferous-deciduous. Amapezeka pamphepete mwa misewu, pamphepete mwa misewu. Bowa amatchedwa boletus chifukwa chakuti ali ndi kapu yotupa yomwe ikufanana ndi mafuta okhwima.
Matiza ndi zowonongeka kapena zathyathyathya, zosalala, zomangira kapena zamkati. Khungu lawo likhoza kuchotsedwa mosavuta. Miyendo ndi yolimba, yosalala kapena yobiriwira, imabwera ndi mphete. Mnofu wofiira kapena wobiriwira utatha kudula pansi umasintha mtundu wa buluu kapena wofiira. Phala la mankhwala a spore limabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana zachikasu.
Thupi la chipatso limabuka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May ndikukula mpaka November. Anthu osankha amatha kuyamba kusonkhanitsa kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimatchedwa yokazinga, yophika, yophika, youma kapena mchere. Peel imatsukidwa kuti ikhale yosavuta, makapu amakhalabe kuwala, ndipo marinade sadaimitsidwe. 
Ndikofunikira! Kumbukirani kuti boletus imadulidwa kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo siidakayika, choncho ndi bwino kukana chakudya ngati muli ndi matenda a m'mimba.
Momwe mungazindikire mabotolo abodza: malamulo oyambirira
Njira yosavuta yozindikira bowa wonyenga, kuyang'ana mawonekedwe awo, ngati boletus zothandiza ndi zoopsa zili ndi kusiyana kwakukulu, zomwe ziri pansipa:
- mu bowa wodyetsedwa, nkhope ya tubulare imaoneka ngati siponji yopanda phokoso la mtundu wachikasu;
- Pansi pazovala zotetezera zili ndi filimu yoyera. Pamene bowa imakula, imatuluka ndikukhala ngati nsalu yokhala ndi mpeni;
- Bowa wonyenga ali ndi mawonekedwe osakanikirana, omwe amawonongedwa ndi mphamvu;
- Mawotchi a poizoni ali ndi mawonekedwe opweteka, osapindulitsa, amajambulidwa mu violet kapena imvi mitundu, pamene zakudya zimakhala zowala ndi zonyezimira, zotanuka, ndi fungo losangalatsa;
- mafuta onyenga ali ndi zipewa zofiira, zomwe pansi pake zimakhala bwino kwambiri. Pa tsinde mungathe kuwona pepala lofiirira kapena lilac limene limauma mofulumira ndipo limatha.
Kodi ndi zotani zomwe zimadya zooneka ngati (mitundu yotchuka)
Pali mitundu yambiri ya mafuta odyetsedwa omwe ali ndi maonekedwe apadera omwe amathandiza kusiyanitsa mitundu ina. Iwo athandiziranso kuzindikira bowa omwe amadya.
Gray
Mphuno yamtunduwu imakhala pafupifupi masentimita 8 Ngakhale kuti amatchulidwa, bowa ndi loyera, loyera, ndi lofiira. Ngati mumakhudza mafuta amatha, mumatha kuona kupsinjika kwa pamwamba ndi mamba aang'ono. Tsabola ndi kosavuta kufalitsa. Mu imvi za fungus spores ndi zofiirira.
Msola wa batalawu ndi wovuta, wachikasu, kuzungulira apo pali mphete. Thupi ndi loyera, koma pambuyo poti mankhwalawa amayamba kukhala ndi ubweya wambiri. Kukoma kosangalatsa, kununkhiza - popanda zosafunika kwenikweni. Mtundu uwu umakula kuyambira July mpaka October. Amalangizidwa kuti adye marinated. 
Mbale yakuda batala
Mzungu, wotumbululuka kapena wofewa-awa ndiwo maina atatu omwe ali ofanana ndi mafuta ena awiri. Amamera m'nkhalango zonse komanso zamasamba. Kukula m'magulu kapena pamodzi. Amatchulidwa ku bowa wosadziwika.
Zidzakhala bwino kuti muwerenge za momwe mungasiyanitse zovuta, zakudya za agarics, chanterelles ndi abodza.
Zingwe zamphongo kapena zojambulazo zimakhala pafupifupi masentimita 10. Chipewa chiri choweramitsa kapena concave. Pamwamba pa bowa ndi yosalala, ndipo mvula imakhala mucous.
Thupi loyera-lachikasu lili ndi mawonekedwe abwino komanso owometsera. Pezani mpumulo wofiira. Miyendo ndi yoyera, mpaka mamita 9 masentimita. Ndizopindika, popanda mphete. Kusamba thupi kumachitika kuyambira June mpaka November. Omwe amapezako bowa amalimbikitsanso kuti azisonkhanitsa zofiira zoyera ndi achinyamata. Popeza mwamsanga zimakhala zopanda phindu, ziyenera kukonzekera mwamsanga mutatha kusonkhanitsa. 
Kawirikawiri (mochedwa)
Bolettes wamba amatchedwanso mochedwa, wachikasu, weniweni, kapena wophukira. Amamera m'nkhalango yaing'ono ya pine, koma nthawi zina amawoneka pansi pa mitengo kapena mitengo.
Iwo safuna malo okhala ndi dzuwa, kotero iwo ali abwino ndi pamphepete mwa nkhalango, ndi zowonongeka. Chikondi chachibadwidwe kubisala mumadontho ndi masamba. Kupulumuka kwakukulu pansi ndi mchenga wambiri. Pafupi ndi malo osungira madzi simukukula.
Zikhoti zofiirira zonse zikhale zolunjika komanso zosalala ndi zaka. Zimakhala zosalala komanso zophimbidwa ndi mankhwala. Thupi loyera-lachikasu limadziwika ndi lofewa, lofewa ndi minofu. 
Kawirikawiri bataladi ali ndi tsinde lachikasu lachikasu 5 cm wamtali ngati mawonekedwe a silinda. Zimakula mu Julayi ndipo zimayima ku chisanu choyamba. Zipatso pa kutentha kwa +15 ... +20 ° C. Amakonda kukula m'magulu pafupi ndi chanterelles, bowa woyera, syroezhek. M'nyengo ya chilimwe imagwidwa ndi mphutsi ndi tizilombo. Okoma kwambiri ndi achinyamata.
Mukudziwa? Anthu a ku Brazil, a ku Japan ndi a ku Africa alibe mwambo wosankha bowa.
Zowonongeka (chilimwe)
Mbewu zamchere, chilimwe kapena oyambirira zimamera m'nkhalango zamphesa, masimidwe ang'onoang'ono, zofikira, mazira kapena m'mphepete mwa nthaka ya mchenga kapena yamagazi.
Nsonga yozungulira ya gungular fungus ndi masentimita 10 m'mimba mwake Khungu likhoza kukhala lachikasu kapena lofiira, ndipo mvula ikakhala yotsekemera. Pafupifupi palibe fungo. 
Mbewuyo siimangirira mwendo. Yotsirizirayi ili ndi mawonekedwe a phokoso losalala ndi tirigu. Kutalika kwake kumakhala pakati pa 6 ndi 8 masentimita. Thupi loyera lamdima ndi lokoma kwambiri mwa mtundu uliwonse. Zomera zimakula m'mafuta ambiri pafupi ndi chiyambi cha chilimwe mpaka poyamba chisanu.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge momwe mungayamire bowa wa oyster, mapuloteni a chokopa ndi bowa, kuyamwa bowa, bowa zakutchire, chanterelles, bowa wa oyster ndi bowa woyera.
Marshland
Bulugugu wa Marsh amakula m'nkhalango zamphepete kapena m'nkhalango zakuda moss. Chipewa chogwiritsira ntchito chimakhala ndi masentimita 7 ndipo chimakhala ndi mapulaneti osakanikirana. Masipeni obiriwira amawonjezera fungo losangalatsa. Bowawa ali ndi mchere wambiri wa chikasu.
Miyendo ya mafuta a mchenga ikhoza kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, ofunda, pafupifupi masentimita 6 mu msinkhu. Mphete yamphepete mwa chipewa imakhala yofiira kapena yobiriwira. Pafupi ndi mpheteyi ili ndi mamba, yofewa, ndi fungo lokoma la bowa. 
Maboti amenewa amakula m'magulu. Nthaŵi zambiri, amasonkhanitsa kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi m'dzinja, pamene kuli kotentha. Mafuta a Marsh angagwiritsidwe ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Ndi zokoma kwambiri komanso zamakono.
Mkungudza
Cedar maslati imakula ku Siberia ndi ku Far East. Khalani m'nkhalango kumene kuli mitengo ya mkungudza, pafupi ndi moss kumtunda. Mimba ya pamwamba ndi pafupifupi masentimita 10. Maonekedwewo ali mu mawonekedwe a mpira ndi m'mphepete mwa mtundu wofiirira wopotoka pakati.
Pezani zambiri zokhudzana ndi bowa monga govorushki, morels, mafunde, zala za mdierekezi, ziweto, greenfinchs, bowa aspen, bowa wakuda ndi aspen, white podgruzdki, mokryukha, pushers ndi mtsinje.
Masamba amakhala ndi chilakolako chosasunthika. Mfundo yodulidwa imakhala yalanje patapita kanthawi. Imawoneka ngati singano za mkungudza. Mitundu imeneyi imatulutsa madzi ozizira kudzera pores pafupi ndi kapu, kotero dzina lake likuyandama.
Miyendo ya mkungudza ili kutalika kwa masentimita 10. Kuwonekera kwawo kukufanana ndi chitsulo chosungira "mbewu". Mitundu imeneyi imakhala yonyezimira kapena yachikasu. Mukhoza kuwasonkhanitsa m'chilimwe ndi m'dzinja, pamene amabala zipatso pang'onopang'ono. 
Bellini
Bellini amakhala pakati pa mitengo ya coniferous, komanso m'mphepete mwachinyamata. Zipatso zabwino koposa pa miyala yamchenga. Bwerani m'chilimwe mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn. Angamere yekha kapena zidutswa khumi pafupi. Kulemera kwake kwa kapu ndi 12 cm, omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe a maselo, pakati - ovutika maganizo. Nthaŵi zina kirimu kapena bulauni.
Thupi ndilovuta kutulukira pamwamba. Miyendo ndi yaikulu komanso yochepa (pafupifupi masentimita 6), yokhazikika, yopanda mphete, yokutidwa ndi granules. Chakudyacho chikugwiritsidwa ntchito mwa mtundu uliwonse. Wodziwika ndi fungo la bowa ndi tinthu zosasangalatsa.
Mukudziwa? Bowa lililonse ndi 90% madzi.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuŵerenga za momwe zakudya ndi bowa zowononga zomwe zimakula pamitengo zimawoneka ngati momwe mungayang'anire bowa kuti mumvetsetse bwino pogwiritsira ntchito njira zamakono komanso zomwe bowa zili poizoni.
Wameta
Maluwa okongoletsedwa amatchedwanso chestnut. Zimakula makamaka m'nkhalango zakuda kapena paki, ku Eurasia ndi kumpoto kwa America. Bowa wonyezimira umadziwika ndi chipewa chachikulu cha masentimita 10 m'kati mwake, mtundu wofiira. Nyama yachikasu imakhala ndi minofu.
Miyendo yamakono imakhala kutalika kwa masentimita 12. Thupi limakhala ndi utoto wofiirira ndi mabala. Mimba imakula mumagulu ang'onoang'ono. Iyamba kubala zipatso mu Julayi ndipo imatha mu October. 
Mukudziwa? Plasmodium imadziŵika ku Russian Federation, ndiko kuti, bowa limene limadzisuntha lokha. Mu mphindi imodzi akhoza "kudutsa" theka la mamita.
Otsatira
Tridentsky nthawi zambiri amapezeka bowa, omwe amapezeka m'mapiri pansi pa mitengo yamchere pa nthaka yamchere. Pamwamba pamtunda wa masentimita 8 mpaka 15, masentimita mu mawonekedwe ndi a lalanje-reflux. Filimu yochepa kwambiri imagwirizanitsa nsonga ndi phazi. Chomeracho chimadzazidwa ndi mamba ndi mthunzi wofiira wa fiber.
Koma miyendo, imakhala yofiira mu mawonekedwe a silinda, nyama, masentimita 11 mu msinkhu. Kukula kwachangu kumachitika kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka October. Chakudyacho chikugwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana. 
Kodi mafuta osadziwika ndi otani?
Mafuta a poizoni amatha kukhazikitsa, ataganizira za maonekedwe awo akunja. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudzidziŵa ndi kufotokoza kwa mafuta onyenga, kusiyanitsa zabwino ndi zovulaza.
Muyenera kukhala ndi chidwi chowerenga momwe mungamere bowa wa oyster, bowa, bowa ndi truffle zakuda m'nyumba mwanu.
Brown bulauni
Brown-bulauni - batalasi, omwe atatha kapena kudula chidutswa chimakhala buluu. Amakula kuyambira July mpaka Oktoba. Amakonda marshlands odzaza ndi mitengo ya coniferous. Mimba ya pamwamba imakhala 15 cm. 
Tsamba la pamwamba ndi lamdima wachikasu ndi mamba ofiira, sali kuwala. Msolo umadziwika ndi unyinji, wofiirira-utoto wofiirira, mawonekedwe a silinda. Chodziwika ndi kupezeka kwa mphete pamlendo. Kudya mankhwalawa sikuletsedwa.
Siberia
Palibe chifukwa choti mitundu ya Siberia iyenera kudyedwa. Ngati izi zichitika, munthuyo adzakhala ndi dermatitis. Zipatso zamtunduwu mumadambo a nkhalango, omwe ali m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Pamwamba imakhala yotumbululuka, imakhala yonyezimira, yomwe ili ndi zaka zambiri zofiira.
Zamkatizo zili ndi chikasu, choda, chosasunthika komanso kukoma. Ngati mumapanga fungo, bowa lidzakhala lofiirira. Msoka umasiyanitsidwa ndi kupindika, kupotola ndi madontho aang'ono, zomwe sizili choncho ndi mitundu yodyedwa. Zipatso zimaonekera m'chilimwe ndi m'dzinja.
Ndikofunikira! Mutha kumva lingaliro lakuti poyizoni akhoza kuchiritsidwa mwa kumwa mowa kwambiri. Asayansi akhala akutsutsa izi, chifukwa ndi mankhwala oledzeretsa omwe amayamba kulowa mu thupi mofulumira mofulumira.
Mokrukha spruce
Watsopano angasokonezedwe ndi batalasi ndi madzi onyowa. Amamera m'chilimwe komanso nthawi yophukira mu coniferous-deciduous nkhalango. Koma ndizovuta kwambiri kupeza. Pamwamba pa imvi, mucous. Thupi la zipatso - mdima, lamera.
Fufuzani ngati n'kofunika kuyeretsa mafuta ndi momwe mungachitire bwino, ndi mitundu yanji ya mafuta komanso momwe amagwiritsire ntchito mankhwala.
Mokruha ndi loyera, koma pakapita nthawi imapeza mafunde a bulauni. Pansi pa kapu pali filimu yomwe imakhala seketi. Ndicho chifukwa chake osankha bowa amatenga spruce wothira mafuta. 
Chithandizo choyamba cha poizoni wa mafuta
Munthu amene adya bowa woopsa amachititsa kusanza ndi kutsekula m'mimba. Iye amafunika kuchiza mwamsanga matendawa, kutsuka kapepala kakang'ono ka madzi pogwiritsa ntchito malita awiri a madzi ndikukankhira kumbuyo kwa lilime (kuti apange kusanza).
Kuchapa kungathekanso kupyolera piritsium permanganate makristasi m'madzi kutentha mpaka mtundu wa pinki umapezeka. Wopwetekedwayo ayenera kumamwa ndi kupanga gag reflex.
Mwamsanga pamene zizindikiro zowoneka, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa: activated carbon, Enterosgel kapena Smecta. Tiyi yolimba ndi shuga wambiri kapena madzi osaphatikizidwa amathandizanso.
Ndikofunikira! Mulimonsemo, ngati mumayambitsa bowa, muyenera kupita kwa dokotala kapena kutumiza ambulansi. Mudzayang'aniridwa ndi a toxicologist amene adzapereka chithandizo chapadera.
Video: chochita chiyani poizoni wa bowa
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kufanana kwa bowa zomwe zimadyedwa ndi poyizoni, ndi bwino kuwirikiza kawiri pamene mukugulitsa mankhwalawa. Ngati simunatsimikizire kuti zowonjezera zokhudzana ndi zakudya zomwe zimapezedwa, musawononge thanzi lanu komanso thanzi la okondedwa anu.
