Mfundo yakuti Polesye akuphatikiza okolola omwe amapangidwa ndi makampani a Gomselmash mumzinda wa Belarusi wa Gomel akutumizidwa ku mayiko ambiri a dziko lapansi ndipo amapanga mpikisano waukulu kwa maiko akunja sizodabwitsa. Kufulumira kumene Gomel amapanga, amisiri ndi ogwira ntchito anapindula kwambiri. Ndipotu, ngakhale kumapeto kwa zaka zapakati pa 90ties, kampaniyo inangotulutsa zipangizo zokolola zokolola zokolola, zokolola zaulimi za silage. Ndipo kumayambiriro kwa zaka zikwi ziwiri kumeneko, kwa nthawi yoyamba, anayamba kupanga zovuta zambiri zokolola. Ndipo pa nthawi yosafunika kwambiri imeneyi, malonda a kampaniyo afika pamtunda wapadziko lonse.
Chipangizo chophatikiza "Polesie"
Kwenikweni, mgwirizano uli ndi mbali zikuluzikulu ziwiri: Chopunthira chomwe chimakwera pachitchi chowongolera, ndi wokolola, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mbewu za tirigu.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge momwe mungasankhire thirakitala kuti mugwire ntchito kumbuyo kwa nyumba, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mini-tractors: Uralets-220 ndi Belarus-132n, komanso phunzirani kupanga tekitala ya mini kuchoka ku motoblock ndi tekitala ya mini ndi kuphwanya chimango.
Kupewera kumaphatikizapo:
1 - kulandira chipinda; 2 - kanyumba kamodzi; 3 - bunker drive; 4 - kukhazikitsa mphamvu; 5 - kutumiza katundu kutsegulira; Chipangizo cha 9-deflector; 7 - udzu woyenda makina; Mawilo othamangitsidwa ndi 8; 9 - gawo loyeretsa mbewu ndi zonyansa; 10 - ma tayala amphamvu othamanga; 11 - kupunthira; 12 - makwerero a cockpit
- chipinda chochepetsera chimene chimatenga mdulidwe wochokera kwa wokolola ndi kutumiza ku chipinda chopunthira;
- Kupunthira njira zolekanitsa tirigu ku mamba;
- choyeretsa cholekanitsa mbewu yolekanitsidwa, yomwe imadutsamo lattice system ndipo imakhala nthawi imodzi ikuyeretsa zinyalala ndi kutuluka kwa mpweya;
- oyendetsa udzu, omwe pamapeto pake amalekanitsa thunthu lochokera kumalo oyeretsera, pambuyo pake tirigu woyeretsa kwathunthu amatumizidwa ku chipinda cha bunker;
- galasi yosungiramo zinthu zogwiritsa ntchito masensa omwe amayang'anitsitsa msinkhu wodzaza, masenje osakaniza, ndi chipangizo cha auger chomasula mbewu;
- zomera za mphamvu monga mawonekedwe a injini ya diesel eyiti;
- zipangizo zamagetsi zomwe zimayendetsa kusinthanitsa ndi tirigu, komanso kuyang'anira ntchito ya mgwirizano pogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta;
- mauthenga opatsirana pogwiritsira ntchito;
- nyumba yokhala ndi zofunikira zonse za chitonthozo ndipo ili ndi kutentha, mpweya wabwino komanso gawo lolamulira.
Chigawo chachiwiri cha Polesye chimagwirizanitsa ndi wokolola, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga mutu wa tirigu wa ZhZK.
Mukudziwa? Mlimi wokolola tirigu woyamba apangidwa ndi kumangidwa ku United States kumayambiriro kwa 1836. Iye anali pa akavalo kapena njati.
Zomangamanga zofanana ndi "Polesia"
Mitundu yambiri ya Polesye yosonkhanitsa okolola imayimilidwa ndi magulu omwe ali ndi zida zamakono komanso ntchito zina zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zigwire ntchito zosiyanasiyana zaulimi:
- Chitsanzo cha mgwirizanowu, malinga ndi mchitidwe wogulitsa katundu wotchedwa GS05, Zimapangidwa ku minda yaing'ono yomwe imafuna zipangizo zotsika mtengo, zazing'ono, zachuma, koma panthawi yomweyo. Pokwaniritsa zofunikirazi, GS05 imatha kuthana ndi kukolola tirigu ndi mbewu za udzu. Wotuta amakoka moyenera, apunthira, amagawaniza ndi kuyeretsa mbewu, amakolola tirigu mu bwalo lakumtunda ndiyeno akuwutulutsira mu magalimoto. Mtengowu ukhoza kugwiritsira ntchito gawo losakhala tirigu la mbewu, ndikupanga mipukutu ku udzu. GS05 imakhala ndi injini ya dizilo 180-210, yomwe imakhala ndi masentimita 4,5, ndipo imakhala yochepetsera matabwa, malo oyeretsera magawo atatu, ndipo imapatsa mphamvu 7.2 tani za tirigu pa ola limodzi.
- GS10 Gwirizanitsani, Kuwonjezera pamenepo, amatha kuchita ntchito zonse zachitsanzo, zomwe zimapindulitsa kwambiri, ndipo angathe kuthana ndi mtundu uliwonse wa zokolola zambewu. Zili ndi injini ya dizilo 250 yokhala ndi mahatchi, chophatikizacho chimagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu imodzi yokhala ndi ngodya, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito malo oyeretsera masitepe atatu, yomwe ili ndi makomita 7 ndipo ili ndi matani 15 pa ola limodzi.
Dzidziwe bwino ndi matrekta: Belarus MTZ 1221, DT-54, MT3-892, DT-20, MT3-1221, K-700 K-700, K-744 Kirovets ndi K-9000 K-9000, T-170, MT3 -80, MT3 320, MT3 82 ndi T-30, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ntchito.
- Chofunika kwambiri lero chikuphatikizapo wokolola "Polesie" KZS 1218, Malingana ndi gulu lapadziko lonse la GS12, limatha kugwira ntchito nyengo iliyonse ndi nyengo iliyonse, osasamala za zovuta za m'munda, kapenanso chinyezi cha tirigu. Chipangizocho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti chigwirizane ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kwa zokolola, pamphindi mwachindunji kumatha kudutsa okha makilogalamu khumi ndi awiri a maola ambiri ndipo mu ora limodzi akupera zoposa 18 matani. Kuchita bwino kwambiri kwa mgwirizanowu kumatchulidwa ndi injini ya diesel 330, kupezeka kwa ngodya ziwiri, malo olekanitsa pamodzi ndi kuyeretsa bwino. Chitsanzochi chikhoza kuthana ndi chigawo chopanda chomera cha zokolola, kupanga mapulogalamu kuchokera kumayambira kapena kuwapaka mu silage.
- GS14 chitsanzo ikuyimira mgwirizano wamphamvu womwe ukufuna kuti ukhale ndi malo ambiri omwe alimi alimi ndi zokolola zazikulu za mbewu zonse zomwe ziri pansi pa thresh. Mtengowu uli ndi injini ya diesel ya 400, imagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yamakono awiri, mawotchi asanu ndi limodzi, ndi ma purge, omwe ali ndi mita 9 ndipo amachititsa kuti malita 100 apite pa ola limodzi.
- Polesie GS16 - zida zamphamvu kwambiri zogwiritsidwa ntchito kugwira ntchito m'minda ndi zokolola zabwino kwambiri. Chipangizocho chimatha kuthana ndi mbeu zonse zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. GS16 imakhala ndi injini ya dizi ya 530, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yokolola ngodya ziwiri, oyendetsa udzu wokhala ndi masentimita 9, ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira 100 lita pa mphindi.
- Ndipo potsiriza, GS812 chitsanzo, wa pakati ndi cholinga chokolola mbewu zochepa kapena zapakati. Amatha kugwira ntchito m'madera osauka, ali ndi nyumba yosungirako bwino, yokhala ndi mpweya wabwino komanso makompyuta. Mtengowu uli ndi injini ya dizilo yomwe ili ndi mphamvu ya mphamvu ya 210-230, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu imodzi yokhala ndi ngodya komanso makina a makina anayi, yomwe ili ndi makilomita 5,5 olemera makilogalamu khumi ndi awiri pa ora.
Mukudziwa? Mlimi wamkulu kwambiri ku America wakukolola tirigu padziko lapansi ndi American unit CR 10.90 kuchokera ku New Holland, yomwe ili mu Guinness Book of Records chifukwa chakuti inatha kukwanitsa matani 135 a tirigu mu ola limodzi.
Zojambula
Okonza a Polesye akuphatikizana, komanso amisiri ndi ogwira ntchito omwe amapanga, amatha kupanga chipangizo chodziwika ndi ntchito yowonongeka kwa nthawi yayitali, kukana kuthamanga kwapamwamba, kutseguka kwa ntchito, kuthamanga kwa nthaka, komanso chofunika kwambiri, kupukuta kosalekeza.
Makhalidwe abwino a mapangidwe a chophatikizanso ayenera kukhala ndi magetsi amphamvu, kuchuluka kwa ntchito ndi kupulumutsa mphamvu, malo ogwira ntchito ogwirizanitsa ntchito komanso makina opanga.
Zida zotchuka komanso zotsika mtengo lero ndi alimi ndi tillers. Pogwiritsira ntchito zida zogwiritsira ntchito motoblock, mukhoza kukumba ndi kuunjika mbatata, kuchotsa chisanu, kukumba pansi, ndikugwiritsa ntchito ngati mvula.
Mbali zokolola zokolola "Polesie"
Mitu ya Gomel yokhala ndi mamita 4 mpaka 9.2 ali ndi zokolola zambiri, zomwe zimaperekedwa ndifupipafupi pa kudula zida zowonongeka, zomwe zimapanga miyezi 1108 mphindi iliyonse. Makina ocheka okhawo ali ndi zala zodalirika zomwe zimadula m'mphepete mwake zomwe zimapanga kudulidwa koyera kwa zimayambira, ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimadziyeretsa.
Zizindikiro za chibayo zomwe zimaponyedwa pansi ndi kukweza chipinda cholowera zimapangitsa kuti zitha kuwonongeka ku chipinda choyendayenda ndi mutu wonse mwa zosafunika m'munda.
Zosakaniza za rapesed kapena chimanga zimayikidwa mosavuta pamutu. Ngati chimanga, zipangizozi zimathandiza kusiyanitsa chikho ku mapesi a chomera, chifukwa cha mphutsizo zimapunthidwa ndipo zimayambira bwino kuti zikonzekereke.
Hydropneumatic accumulator
Kusuntha dongosolo kwa "Polesie"
Mapulaniwa amapangidwa kuti apereke mbewu zowuntha komanso zowonongeka.. Pachifukwa ichi, ndewu yapadera yowonjezereka imapangitsa kuchuluka kwa kayendetsedwe ka mdulidwe, womwe chipinda choyendetsa chimapereka, ndikuchigwirizanitsa ndi chiwerengero cha zotsutsana za dwale. Ndipo ng'anjo yothamanga kwambiri, yopangitsa kufalitsidwa kwa yunifolomu yowonongeka, imachepetsa kupanikizika kwa dwale ndi kupambana kwachitsulo.
Kuwombera ndi kutsuka dongosolo
Makina achi Belarusiya amagwiritsira ntchito kuyeretsa mbewu zamakono zamakono, Chifukwa chake njere imalowa mu bunker mu chikhalidwe chapamwamba.
Kwa ichi, mwachitsanzo, woyendetsa makina asanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri amapereka mafungulo ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kwa msinkhu. Kuthamanga kwa kiyibodi kwa wina ndi mzake kumapangidwira mokwera kwambiri kuti njere ikhale bwino bwino kuchokera ku udzu wambiri.
Mukudziwa? Ku Russia, rye, tirigu ndi barele zinagwedezeka ndi chikwakwa, kutchetcha ndi scythe kunkaonedwa kuti ndi tchimo.
Malo ambiri omwe amapangira mphero, komanso malo oyeretsera masitepe atatu, omwe amagawaniza mozungulira mpweyawo, amalola kutsuka kwa tirigu.
Kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumasintha
Malo osungiramo Zitsamba Zamatabwa Tank ndi Mafuta
Kulemera kwa mabotolo osungirako a chophatikiza, malingana ndi chitsanzo, kumachokera ku 4.5 mpaka 9 mamita masentimita. Zimagwirizanitsa bwino ndi magulu omwe othandizira tirigu amatha kunyamula. Masensa am'mimba ndi mawindo apadera a sampuli tirigu amapangidwa mu mabini.
Kuphatikizana kuli ndi matanki a pulasitiki omwe amatha kufika 600 malita, omwe amalola kuti timagulu timene timakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira yogwira ntchito mosalekeza, popanda kutaya nthawi nthawi yambiri yopuma mafuta.
Cab
Ponena za chitonthozo chawo, makampani a ku Belarusian osakaniza si apansi kuposa a magalimoto oyendetsa galimoto. Ndipo mu kukula iwo ali opambana kwambiri. Kuzimitsa kabati kumapangitsa kuti anthu aziwoneka bwino kwambiri m'mundawu, pomwe ma cabs enieniwo amatetezedwa ku mkokomo ndi phokoso ndipo ali ndi mpweya wabwino.
Zonsezi zazitsulo ndi dongosolo lonse lapansi ziri pansi pa makompyuta omwe ali m'bakompyuta, omwe, mogwirizana ndi zofunikira zamakono za ergonomics, ndizovuta kwambiri kuphatikiza.
Zida zina
Mwasankha pa mbewu za Belarusian aggregates, mungathe kukhazikitsa zipangizo zamakono zoyeretsera, zomwe zimawonjezera tebulo pamutu ndikulola kugwiriridwa kuti ziphatikizedwe mozungulira pamphepete mwa tsinde, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa tirigu ndi ziwonetsero zowonongeka.
Chida chapadera cha zipangizo za chimanga chimakupatsani nthawi yomweyo kuchotsa tirigu ku zikhomo ndikudula mapesi a chimanga ndi silage. Komanso kuphatikiza ndi okolola "Polesie" okolola, okonzedwa kukolola soya ndi mpendadzuwa.
Monga mwasankha, mungagwiritse ntchito bokosi lamasewera kuti muchepetse msangamsanga wa drum.
Ntchito Yophatikizana "Polesie"
Monga tawonetseratu kale, zipangizo za ku Belarusiya zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito nyengo ndi nyengo iliyonse. Makinawa amatha kukolola ndi kupuntha mbewu zowonongeka ndi zabodza, kusuntha pa nthaka yovuta, ndikuonetsetsa kuti tirigu wapamwamba kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Okolola a ku Belarusiya amakumana ndi zofunikira zamakono zamayiko onse.
Mtengo wamagetsi ogwiritsa ntchito mafuta
Kuchuluka kwa mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito pophatikiza ntchito kumadalira mphamvu ya injini yomwe imayikidwa pachitsanzo, komanso momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, njira ya GS12 yofunika kwambiri imadya pafupifupi ma litala makumi atatu ndi atatu a dizilo pa hekitala. Ndi mphamvu yamtengo wapatali ya mahatchi okwana 330, mafuta enieni ndi 206 magalamu pa kilowatt-ora.
Ttani ya mafuta
Chiwerengero
Momwe makina okolola a ku Belarus amachitira zinthu pazinthu zenizeni zogwirira ntchito angaoneke bwino m'mavidiyo awa:
Video: Gwirizanitsani Polesie GS12 kumunda
Video: kuphatikiza wokolola KZS-1218 "PALESSE GS12"
Ubwino
Kuwonjezera pa kukwera kwamtundu, mphamvu, njere ya threshed ndi kusuntha, Magalimoto a ku Belarus amakopedwa ndi zomwe amapeza kuti chuma chawo chimatha. Amuna awo akunja sali okwera mtengo kwambiri, koma okwera mtengo kwambiri kukonzanso, kusunga ndi kugula ziwalo.
Pakalipano, okolola a ku Belarus, pokhala otsika mtengo kwambiri mwa iwo okha, kulola kupulumuka pakupitiriza ntchito, kusowa kawirikawiri, ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, kulipira kukonza mtengo wotsika.
Zotsatira zake, njirayi imabwezera mwamsanga ndipo zimatheketsa kupeza phindu mwamsanga.
Kuipa
Ndi zopindulitsa zake zonse zosiyana Zisudzo za Belarusian sizili ndi zolakwa zina.
Ogulitsa akutaya tirigu, omwe, pakwera kapena pamtunda, amakula kwambiri. Chifukwa cha ichi ndi kutalika kwake kwa sitima ya drum ndi accelerator. Izi ndizonso chifukwa cha mpweya wotsika wa oyendetsa udzu. Mavuto amabwera pamene akugwedeza wopukuta, ndipo palinso zodandaula za okolola, omwe nthawi zambiri amalemala.
Ndikofunikira! Zimayambitsa madandaulo mofulumira kumira dzuwa, ndipo nthawi zambiri - ndikugwera pansi penti pa unit.
Ndemanga
Komabe, malingaliro ambiri ogula malonda pa ma Belarusian ndi othandiza. Olemba ulimi, mwachitsanzo, kulemba pa webusaiti yathu ya Gomselmash, nthawi zambiri amadziwa ntchito zapamwamba za makina a Belarus, kuthekera kwawo kugwira ntchito zovuta, kulumikiza molondola ntchito, kudalirika ndi ntchito zopanda mavuto komanso zinthu zabwino zogwirira ntchito.
Analogs
Makina otchuka kwambiri a makina a ku Belarusiya ndi mayunitsi ochokera kwa ojambula otchuka padziko lonse:
- amerika amerika ndi mafano ake a T ndi W mndandanda ndi mzere wa mzere wa John Deere S680i;
- Mlandu wa America IH, zomwe zikuimira Case IH Axial-Flow 9230 ndi makina opangira mafilimu Case IH Axial-Flow 9230;
- American Challenger ndi Challenger CH647C, Challenger CH654B ndi Challenger CH670B (660/680) ogwirizanitsa;
- chigamulo cha German ndi zitsanzo zake Lexion 770-750 ndi Tucano - 480/470 ndi 450/320;
- Massey Ferguson ku Canada ndi MF ACTIVA S ndi MF Beta 7370;
- Laverda wa ku Italy, kutulutsa zitsanzo M 306 Mphamvu Zamadzimadzi, Laverda REV 205 ECO, Laverda60 LXE ndi Laverda LCS 296;
- amerika atsopano ndi zigawo zake zatsopano New Holland CX 8000, zopangidwa ndi mitundu 7 - kuchokera ku CX 8030 mpaka CX 8090;
- Russian Rostselmash ndi zigawo zake za zitsanzo za Acros 590 Plus ndi Torum 780, Niva Effect ndi Vector 410;
- Russian "Chinthu Chophatikiza cha Krasnoyarsk", Makina opanga Yenisei 1200 ndi Yenisei 950.
Mayankho ochokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti
