Briofillum ndi wokoma osatha womwe ndi wa banja la Crassulaceae. Zakhala zikufalikira padziko lonse lapansi kuchokera ku South Africa ndi Madagascar. Mitundu imakhala yosiyanasiyana komanso yotchuka chifukwa cha machiritso ake. Kutchuka, chomerachi chimadziwika bwino monga Kalanchoe briophillum. Mtengowu ndi wokometsetsa komanso wosasamala, umakongoletsa nyumbayo ndi maluwa okongola komanso maluwa okongola. Ojambula maluwa amamukonda kuti asamalidwe kosavuta komanso mawonekedwe abwino.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Zaka makumi angapo zapitazo, mtundu wa Briofillum unagawanikana ndi Kalanchoe ndipo tsopano ndi woimira payekha wa banja la Crassulaceae wokhala ndi mitundu 25. Chomera chimakhala ndi tsinde ndipo chimafikira masentimita 50-150. Pang'onopang'ono tsinde limayamba kukhazikika m'munsi ndipo limatembenuza pang'ono. Mphukira zotsalazo zimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira.
Zomera sizothandiza ndipo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba anthaka, opatsa mphamvu pang'onopang'ono. Masamba a Ovate masamba okhala ndi malire. Nthawi zambiri, masamba amapaka utoto wobiriwira, koma pali mitundu yaimvi kapena yamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Chomera cha briofillum chimatchedwa viviparous chifukwa chokhoza kupanga masamba ndi masamba achichepa pamphepete mwa masamba. Makanda okhwima ali ndi mizu yakeyawo ndipo amachokera kugwedezekaku pang'ono. Akadziwikika ndi dothi lonyowa, achinyamata bryophyllum nthawi yomweyo amayamba kukula.
Chomera chachikulu cha zaka ziwiri chimapanga kuchuluka kwamtundu wamitundu ina mwa mantha. Nthawi yamaluwa imagwera pa February kapena March. Masamba ndi ochepa, oyera, ofiira kapena ofiira. Duwa lililonse limakhala ndi belu yaying'ono ndi chubu chokulirapo. Ma inflorescence atafota, timitengo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakutidwa timapepala tinayi timatsalira pamitengo.
Kuchiritsa katundu
Briofillum ili ndi katundu wochiritsa. Amatchulidwa kwambiri mu cirrus bryophyllum. Madzi ochokera kwa mphukira ndi masamba ali ndi katundu wa bactericidal. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiritsa mabala komanso kuthana ndi kutupa. Mankhwala ozikidwa pamenenso amathandizira kuyeretsa mabala kuchokera ku bacteria wa pathogenic ndi minofu yakufa. Mafuta apadera amadzola zilonda zam'mimba ndi fistulas, komanso zofunikira pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni.
Pochita mano, bryophyllum madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiza gingivitis ndi periodontitis. Mu ophthalmology, zochizira kuvulala kwamankhwala.
Briofillum imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu homeopathy, mothandizidwa ndi iwo kulimbana ndi matenda am'mimba thirakiti. Nthawi zambiri madzi a bryophyllum amathandizira kuzizira. Pakumayambiriro, mmera umatha kusintha maantibayotiki. Madzulowo umayikidwa m'malo am'mphuno ndipo pakhosi pamakhala mafuta.
Amadziwika kuti amagwiritsa ntchito njira zowonjezera kuchokera pa bryophyllum mphukira mu cosmetology. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta pafupipafupi ndi zinthu zina zowonjezera kumathandizira kubwezeretsa khungu ndikuchepetsa kukalamba.
Mitundu yotchuka
Mu mtundu wa bryophyllum pali zitsanzo zosangalatsa komanso zosasangalatsa. Iwo adzasangalatsidwa ndi wamaluwa.
Cirrus bryophyllum. Chomera chobiriwira nthawi zonse chomwe chimakula mpaka 1.5m. Masamba obiriwira amaphatikizika ndi petioles kufupi ndi thunthu lophukira, lanyama. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, panicle inflorescence yokhala ndi mitundu yaying'ono yamaluwa a pinki pamwamba pa chitsamba. Kutalika kwa mphukira iliyonse ndi masentimita 2-3.
Degremon's Briofilum - chomera chokhala ndi masamba ofunikira, atatu, omwe amaphimba tsinde. Pamwamba pa masamba ake panali masamba obiriwira. Pansi pa pepalalapo pali yokutidwa ndi bulauni. Pakutha maluwa, mawonekedwe akulu otuwa ndi ofiira. Mphukira iliyonse imakhala ndi chubu chamtali pamzera womangidwa. Mtundu wa inflorescence umafanana ndi kuwala pang'ono.
Bouvard Briofillum. Mtengowo umasiyanitsidwa ndi mphukira zoonda komanso zazitali (pafupifupi mita 1), pomwe masamba opendekeka, amtundu amapangika. Mphukirayo imapakidwa utoto wakuda, mtundu wa dambo komanso amasinthika kwambiri, motero mtunduwu umakhalidwa m'miphika.
Briofillum tubular. Mbewuyi ndi yopanda kanthu, yophukira ndi masamba ofunda. Ana amakula pamwamba pa masamba.
Briofillum Fedchenko. Chomera chimasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba osalala, ozunguliridwa amtundu wowala wobiriwira. Nthambi yake imayambira mwamphamvu kwambiri, motero Kalanchoe amapanga chitsamba chokulirapo. Maluwa achikasu a malalanje amadzisonkhana mopepuka pachisoti chobiriwira.
Njira zolerera
Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi bryophyllum kale, kubereka kwa mtengowu kumabweretsa zovuta. Njira zosavuta kwambiri ndizo:
- kudula;
- ana ozika mizu.
Ndikokwanira kuti ana azitha kupeza dothi lonyowa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amayamba kukula, chifukwa mizu yaying'ono imawoneka patsamba la amayi awo. Zodulidwa zitha kuyikidwa kaye m'madzi, ndipo pambuyo pake pakuwonekera mizu yomwe ibzalidwe pansi. Mutha kubzala dothi m'nthaka nthawi yomweyo. Kuti muchepetse mapangidwe a mizu, mutha kuthirira nthaka ndi chowonjezera chapadera. Briofillum imadziwika kuti imatha kukhalabe ndi moyo, nthawi zambiri mwadzidzidzi tsamba logwa limamera ndipo limapanga chomera chaching'ono.
Briofillums ikhoza kufalikira pofesa mbewu. Kuti muchite izi, mu nthawi yamasika, mbewu zimafesedwa muchinyezi, dothi lopepuka ndikusiyidwa pakuwala. Posachedwa, mphukira yoyamba imawonekera, ndipo pofika nthawi yachisanu chomera chimakhala champhamvu kwambiri kotero kuti chimayamba kuphuka.
Malamulo Osamalira
Briofillum ndi mbewu yabwino kwambiri komanso yosasinthika, kotero kuti oyamba kumene amayikonda. Podzala, osakaniza dothi ndi zinthu zotsatirazi amasankhidwa:
- 20% dothi louma;
- 20% kompositi;
- 40% ya tsamba lamasamba;
- 20% mchenga.
Tchipisi tofukulira kapena zidutswa za njerwa zimayikidwa pansi pa mphika kuti zitsimikizire kuti madziwo akutha.
Kuti chitsamba chiwonongeke kukula ndi masamba obiriwira, muyenera kuyiyika kumwera kapena kum'mawa zenera, pomwe mbewuyo imalandira kuwala kokwanira. Kutentha kwa chipinda ndi kwabwino bryophyllum, koma nthawi yozizira kumalimbikitsidwa kuyiyika pamalo abwino komanso kutentha kwa + 15 ° C. Kutsika kotero kumakwiyitsa mapangidwe a maluwa.
Bryophyllum iyenera kuthiriridwa ndi chisamaliro kuti madzi asasunthike pamizu. Chomera chokoma ichi chimatha kulekerera chilala pang'ono. M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi zambiri yokwanira kuti inyowetse nthaka kamodzi pa sabata. Thirirani dothi mosamala kuti madziwo asadzikundikire masamba. Kuchuluka chinyezi pamabowo kumabweretsa kupangika kwa bowa ndi kuwonongeka kwa masamba. Pazifukwa zomwezo, briofillum samapopera.
Kuyambira kumayambiriro kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, Kalanchoe amayenera kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi. Maofesi amaminiti azomera zamaluwa amawonjezeredwa kawiri pamwezi.
Briofillum imatenga nthawi, ndipo gawo lotsika limayambira. Pogwiritsa ntchito kudulira, mutha kuyambitsa maonekedwe a njira zoyambira zatsopano. Pambuyo pazaka 3-4, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisinthanenso chomeracho, chomwe pang'onopang'ono chimataya kukopa.
Mavuto akulu a bryophyllum ndi nkhungu ndi zowola. Amapanga dothi lonyowa kapena lamadzi. Nthawi zina, mu axils masamba, nkhanambo, mealybug kapena aphid kukhazikika. Kufufuza kuchokera ku tizirombo ta sopo kapena tizirombo toyambitsa matenda timapulumutsa tizirombo.
