Makampani akuluakulu amatipatsa mitundu yambiri ya zitsamba ndi zonunkhira, koma amayi ambiri amakonda kumera okha. Ngati muli ndi chiwembu, bwanji osayesa? Pokhala ndi ndalama zochepa, simungalandireko zokolola zatsopano, komanso chisangalalo chachikulu, kusamalira zomera zomwe zikukula ndi kuyembekezera zotsatira. M'nkhani ino tidzakambirana za arugula komanso momwe tingakulerere mu dziko kapena pafupi ndi nyumba.
Arugula: mafotokozedwe ndi zinthu zamoyo
Pamene tigula masamba kapena mbewu, nthawi zina timadziwa kuti chomera monga arugula chimasiyana ndi maonekedwe ndi kukoma. Zomera zomwe zimakula kuchokera ku mbewu zomwe zili ndi dzina lomwelo zingakhalenso zosiyana ndi zosiyana ndi fano kuchokera phukusi. Kufotokozera mfundoyi ndi losavuta: pansi pa dzina la "arugula" m'munda wa malonda amatanthauza zomera ziwiri, "achibale" a banja la kabichi.
Chomera choyamba - Indow yofesa ntchito (dzina, lovomerezeka mu mabuku), yambani kulengeza (dzina lachilatini) kapena, arugula. Mbewu yamakonoyi ili ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 20 mpaka 60. Phesi la arugula ndi nthambi, nthawi zina imatulutsa masamba, masamba ndi obiriwira, obiriwira komanso mano. Maluwa okongola amakhala ofiira ndi mitsempha yofiirira. 
Chomera chachiwiri ndi mzere wa masamba awiri, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "arugula zakutchire." Masamba ake ndi opapatiza komanso amagawidwa kwambiri, ndipo maluwawo ndi achikasu. Kukoma kwa masamba a nkhope ziwiri ndi kovuta kwambiri kuposa kwa Indau. Dvoryadnik amasiyana chifukwa amatha kukula pambuyo pocheka ndi kubwezeretsanso. Atapulumuka m'nyengo yozizira, amaperekanso masamba kumayambiriro kwa masika. Zomera ziwirizi zimakhala ndi katundu wofanana, ndipo zipangizo zamakono za ulimi wawo ndi chimodzimodzi. 
Mukudziwa? Dzina "eruka" mu Chilatini limatanthauza "mbozi". Dzina lakuti "mzere wawiri" - kumasuliridwa kwenikweni kwa dzina lachilatini Diplotaxis, lomwe linapatsa chomera mfumukazi Augustin Piram Dekandol, limapereka mbali yeniyeni ya chomera - dongosolo la mbewu mu mizere iwiri.
Kukula arugula kuthengo
Kubzala arugula pamalo otseguka kumachitika mmera kapena opanda mbeu.
Kufesa masiku ndi zofunikira za nthaka
Kulima arugula pamalo otseguka kumadziwika ndi kubzala masiku kuchokera kumapeto kwa April mpaka pakati pa August. Arugula amakonda kutentha, koma amalekerera kuzizira: ikhoza kupirira frosts yaifupi -7 ° С. Pofuna kutulutsa masamba onse m'nyengo yozizira, njere zimabzalidwa kangapo pa nyengo, kupuma kwa masabata awiri. Masamba okoma kwambiri komanso abwino arugula, omwe ali masiku 25-50. Pokula mbande, mbewu zimabzalidwa kumapeto kwa March - kumayambiriro kwa April. Malo omwe ali ndi magetsi ochepa komanso osalowererapo, amchere kapena a alkaline ndi abwino arugula. Dzuŵa, masamba ake amakhala ovuta ndi owawa, kutaya mtundu wawo ndi kununkhira mumthunzi.
Ndikofunikira! Mitundu ya mbeu imatha kudziwika ndi maonekedwe a mbewu: dvoryadnika Ndizochepa kwambiri, zofanana ndi poppy (1.1-1.3 mm). Mbewu Indow kufesa - yaikulu, mpaka 2-3 mm m'litali.
Otsatira abwino ndi oipa
Tomato, mbatata, kaloti, nyemba ndi miyambo ya dzungu amaonedwa kuti ndi okonzeka bwino arugula.
Ndi zosayenera kudzala amadyera kwa zaka zitatu pamalo pomwe ena akuyimira akuyimira - kabichi, radish, rutabaga, radishes, turnips, horseradish.
Ntchito yokonzekera musanafike
Nthawi ikadzayamba kudzala mbeu, nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa. Ngati dothi lakhala losavuta, limawotcha: ufa wotchedwa choko, chimbudzi kapena dolomite umawonjezeredwa kunthaka. Iwo amangoganizira za acidity ya nthaka ndipo ndi 25-60 makilogalamu zana.
Mukudziwa? Mu 1 g ya mbewu za Indau pali pafupifupi 350 pips.
Ndondomeko ya mbewu
Mu nthaka yokonzedweratu, muyenera kupanga zowonongeka ndi masentimita 1-1.5, pakati pa mtunda wa masentimita 30, moisten ndi kubzala mbewu. Mbewu imayikidwa pamtunda wa masentimita asanu kuchokera kwa mzake. Kenako, perekani mabedi ndi dothi lochepa. Mbewu zoyambirira zimakhala ndi zojambulajambula zomwe timatsuka masana ngati pali chiopsezo cha chisanu. Kuwombera kumawoneka patatha sabata mutabzala. Maola angapo musanayambe arugula, mbewu zowonjezera kumera zingathe kufooka mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate.
Ndikofunikira! Mukamagula mbewu, samverani malemba pa phukusi. Mitundu yotchuka ya arugula-indau ikuphatikizapo Poker, Korsoka, Rococo, Sicily. Solitaire, Rocket, Taganskaya Semko, Euphoria ndi mzere wachiwiri kapena wotchedwa "rocket". Chithunzi pa phukusi nthawi zonse sichigwirizana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma ngati ikusonyeza masamba ambiri - muli ndi kutsogolo kwa inu, zochepa - mzere wa mzere.
Kukula luso lamakono: chisamaliro cha chomera cha arugula
Arugula ndi chomera chodzichepetsa, mutatha kubzala bwino, chisamaliro chapadera chidzamasula, kupalira ndi kuthirira. Nthaŵi yabwino kutentha kwa mbeu kumera ndi 5-12 ° С, chifukwa chokula ndi chitukuko cha zomera - 18-24 ° С.
Momwe mungaphunzitsire madzi okwanira
Kuthirira - chiyeso chovomerezeka pa chisamaliro cha mbeu. Ngati dothi limauma, masamba arugula amakhala olasa ndikumva kulawa kowawa, chifukwa saladi adzakhala opanda ntchito. Kuthirira kumapangidwa m'mawa kapena madzulo powapopera madzi ndi sprinkler kapena ndi payipi yoikidwa pansi.
Kubzala ndi kumasula nthaka
Ngati mphukira zakula, pamene masamba awiri akuwoneka, ayenera kupatulidwa. Kuti chinyezi ndi mpweya zikhale bwino kulowa pansi, ziyenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse, ndizoyenera kuchita izi mutatha kuthirira. Kuyenera kulingalira kumaperekedwa kwa kupalira. Pambuyo pa kuphuka kwa mbande, n'kotheka kudula mderalo ndi udzu kapena udzu, kuchuluka kwa kumasula ndi ulimi wothirira kudzachepetsedwa.
Mukudziwa? Kukonzekera kwa masamba a indow a ntchito yofesa pa kotala m - 0.85-1.15 makilogalamu, woonda-mzere wawiri-0,35-0.69 makilogalamu.
Momwe tingachitire kavalidwe
Pankhani yodyetsa, palibe mgwirizano. Wina amanena kuti arugula safuna feteleza, chifukwa imaphatikizapo nitrates ndi zinthu zoipa, wina akulangiza kuti azidyetsa ndi yankho la mullein kapena manyowa a nkhuku. Mulimonsemo, ngati kugwa kapena mu nyengo kanyumba kakang'ono kapenanso humus kamathiridwa pansi, sipadzakhala kuvulaza. Popanda kuvala kachilombo ka arugula adzakondweretsanso zokolola.
Matenda ndi tizirombo a arugula
Maonekedwe a bulauni pa masamba angasonyeze kuwonongeka kwa peronosporosis, ndipo masamba a chikasu angasonyeze matenda ndi fusarium. Kupewa Matenda - kulemekeza kwa kasinthasintha kwa mbeu ndi udzu.
Zingatheke tizirombo ta arugula ndi cruciferous utitiri ndi kabichi njenjete, yomwe imachokera ku mawonekedwe a masamba. Pofuna kuteteza tizilombo toononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tikulimbikitsanso kukumba pansi pokonzekera malowa, kuphimba nyemba ndi zosafunika, kuwaza zomera ndi phulusa, fumbi, fodya kapena tsabola wofiira.
Kukolola: kudula wobiriwira
Pamene tsamba la arugula lifika 10 cm m'litali, mukhoza kuyamba kudula masamba. Kuchokera ku mphukira ndi kusadula kumatenga pafupifupi masiku 25. Dulani masamba amafunika maluwa, ndiye kukoma kwake kumachepa. Dulani masamba kapena masamba onse. Mitengo ingapo yatsalira pa mbewu. Idyani masamba ayenera kukhala mwamsanga, pomwe imatha msanga. Sungani arugula m'firiji masiku angapo.
Mukudziwa? Mbewu ya Arugula ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonzekera mpiru yotentha, mafuta - mukumwaza masamba.Kudziwa momwe mungameretsere arugula m'munda ndikugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso ichi pakuchita, mudzakupatsani nyengo zatsopano nthawi zonse. Saladi zokoma kwambiri, pizza, pasitala ndi arugula - zonsezi zokoma koma zosadabwitsa kwa ife zingakhale pa tebulo lanu mosavuta.
