Mphesa zakuda ndi mayina a mfumukazi ya ku Spain - Isabella, zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala zabwino kwa nyengo yovuta. Komanso monga Kukongola kwa Kumpoto ndi Kuwonjezera Kwambiri ndikosiyana kwambiri kugonjetsedwa ndi chisanu ngakhale opanda malo apadera.
Sizitha kudwala matenda ambiri a mphesa ndi pang'ono okhudza tizirombo.
Kupindula kwakukulu kwa zosiyanasiyana ndi zokolola zazikulu zofanana ndi zokolola za Chikumbutso cha Kherson Chinyumba wokhalamo ndi modzichepetsa. Ngakhale wolima amayamba mosavuta kukula mphesa zotere pa chiwembu chake. Mukungofuna kutsatira malamulo osavuta ndi malingaliro odzala ndi kusamalira.
Kodi kubzala mphesa Isabella?
Choyamba muyenera kusankha sapling yoyenera ndikusankha malo oti mubzalidwe. Tisaiwale kuti m'madera ozizira, zosiyanasiyanazi zimakhala bwino pa t kufika -30 C ndipo sichifuna malo ogona.
Isabella ndi mitundu yayitali komanso yautali komanso kuti azisakaniza nyengo yozizira Akufunika malo otentha, dzuwa ndi malo ambiri othandizira. Kufotokozera kwathunthu zosiyana zomwe mungapeze m'nkhaniyi.
Malo abwino oti afike pamtundu uwu ndi malo omwe ali pafupi ndi khoma la nyumba kapena nyumba. yomangidwa Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, mphesa ziyenera kubzalidwa patali pafupifupi mamita 1 kuchokera ku khoma lothandizira.
Ndikofunikirakotero kuti pafupiko mulibe mitengo yayitali ndi zitsamba zomwe zimakhala mphesa mphesa ndikuphwanya nthaka. Mulimonsemo simungakhoze kuikidwa pafupi ndi chimanga ndi mpendadzuwa.
Gulani ndi kudzala mphesa za mphesa bwino kugwa. Mukhoza kubzala m'chaka, koma kupulumuka, muyaya, kudzakhala koipitsitsa. Pofuna kubzala, ndi bwino kusankha mitengo yamtengo wapachaka ndi mizu yolimba.
Asanafike onetsetsani kuti mukukonzekera dothi. Ngati dothi likutha, ndiye kuti masabata awiri musanadzalemo ayenera kukhala liming. Isabella sakufuna kuti dziko lapansi likhalepo, koma Sitikukula mu dothi la saline ndi mazinga apansi. Kwa dongo, bwino kukhetsa ngalande kumafunika, chifukwa cha mchenga - mchenga; nthaka ya mchenga, madzi abwino.
Ndikofunikira Gwiritsani bwino kukonzekera mmera chifukwa chodzala. Ngati mizu yayuma kapena kubzala siidakonzedwe mwamsanga mutatha kugula, ndiye bwino kusiya mbeuyo tsiku limodzi m'madzi ofunda. Musanadzalemo, kudulira mphukira ndi mizu kumachitika. Mizu yaikulu imadulidwa mpaka masentimita 5-10, kuthawa - maso 3-5.
Pitani kukadzala kukonzekera pasadakhale. Ayenera kukhala akuya 50-90 masentimita (malingana ndi nthaka) ndi mamita masentimita 80. Pansi ndi zofunika ikani chisanu chabwino cha ngalande.
Pakuti izi zikugwirizana ndi miyala yochepa kapena miyala. Kuchokera kumwamba tsanulirani kachigawo kakang'ono ka nthaka yomwe idakumbidwa ndi kukhazikitsa msondodzi.
Ndiye manyowa: manyowa, potashi mchere, phulusa ndi superphosphate, mudzaze nthaka yambiri ndikusamalira chitsamba.
Mizu yake imalowetsedwa mu dongo la gruel, lopangidwira mumsampha.
Dziko lozunguliridwa molimba kwambiri ndi madzi okwanira. Pambuyo kuthirira, onetsetsani kuti mutsekanitsa dzenje ndi peat.
Mukafika pamalo otseguka, osati pafupi ndi makoma, ayenera kukhala patali pakati pa zomera: Pakati pa mizere - osachepera 2 mamita, ndi pakati pa mbande mkati mwa mizera - pafupifupi 1.5 mamita. Ndi chingwe chodzala chotero, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa chithandizo chapadera chachitsulo cha mpesa.
Kodi ndi chisamaliro chotani chofunika?
Kodi kusamalira mphesa Isabella? Choyamba, Isabella amafuna kuthirira bwino pa nthawi yogwira kukula, pamaso pa maonekedwe. Nthawi zambiri ulimi wothirira umadalira dothi: pa nthaka yolemetsa nkofunika kuthirira mochepa, pamtunda wochepa - nthawi zambiri. Nthawi zonse kumasula, kupalira ndi fetereza.
Manyowa amchere sangagwiritsidwe ntchito katatu pa chaka. Ndibwino kuti, panthawi ya kukula kwa mphesa, kudyetsa mchere watsopano mumadzi ndi kuwonjezera kwa superphosphate. Musaiwale za Nthaka yowonjezera nthaka itatha kuthirira.
M'chaka choyamba mutabzala, kudulira mizu yapamwamba (kubzala) ikuchitika. M'chaka, amachotsa mphukira zowonongeka ndi zowonjezereka, atenge timitengo ndikuyika nsonga za mphukira posachedwa maluwa. Pamene mphukira zikukula kumbuyo, ziyenera kumangirizidwa ku chithandizo, kupereka njira yolondola ya kukula.
Chilichonse chokhudzana ndi mpesa Isabella, komanso ngati izi ndizoyenera kupanga vinyo, mudzapeza apa.
Kumbukirani kuti bungwe la kusamalira bwino mipesa lidzakuthandizani kupewa matenda monga mildew, oidium, anthracnose, mitundu yovunda, rubella. Kuwona malamulo a kubzala, kudulira, kutsanulira ndi kutenga zina zowonjezera, mutha kuteteza zomera zanu ku zovuta monga bakiteriya, chlorosis, ndi bacteriosis.
Chithunzi
Kuwoneka bwino ndi mphesa "Isabella" kungakhale pa chithunzi pansipa:
Kudulira mu kugwa: malangizo ofotokoza
Kuchita Yophukira kudulira ayenera kukhala masabata 2-3 pambuyo pa masamba akugwa. Poyamba chotsani ofooka ndi owonda. Zitsamba zazing'ono zimachoka ku 3 mpaka 8 mphukira zathanzi zikukula pang'onopang'ono mpaka pansi. Otsatira a Green amachotsedwa kwathunthu, ndipo omwe ali olimba amachotsedwa ndi 2/3. Dulani iwo kumbali yolondola, momwe mungathere kuchokera ku fruiting mphukira.
Mphukira yaing'ono imadulidwa pamwamba pa malo omwe ali pansi. Isabella akuchita zinthu zomwe amatchedwa kudulira kwa nthawi yayitali: maso asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu aliwonse amatsalira pa mphukira ya chaka chimodzi. Pa mphukira yaitali, pafupifupi 1.1 maso ayenera kutsalira pa mamita awiri m'mimba mwake.
Ndikofunika kutsatira malamulo angapo ochepa:
- onetsetsani kuti kudula kuli mkati mwa mphukira;
- mutachotsa mphukira pachaka, palibe ziphuphu zomwe ziyenera kukhala;
- kudula kumakhala kosalala;
- mphesa yapachaka imadulidwa masentimita 1 pamwamba pa pepala;
- Zimamera kuchokera ku mizu zimachotsedwa pa kuya kwa 10-15 masentimita pansi.
Pogwiritsa ntchito mitengo yokolola yoyenera ndi yokhazikika, mungathe kuonetsetsa kuti nthawi yayitali mukolola bwino komanso kuwonjezera munda wamphesa mwa kubzala zipatso.
Kubalana ndi cuttings
Kodi mungakhale bwanji? M'nthawi ya kudulira mitengo, mukhoza kukonzekera cuttings kuti mubzala. Kuti tichite zimenezi, dulani mbali ya chipatso chokhalitsa chaka chilichonse, pafupifupi 7-10 mm m'mimba mwake ndi 1.5-2 mamita yaitali.
Pali njira ziwiri zogulitsa:
- Dulani mdulidwe mu zidutswa za 20-40 masentimita. Komanso, chapamwamba chakudula chikhale 2-3 masentimita pamwamba pa diso.
Ndiye cuttings 1-2 maola otsekedwa mu yankho la ferrous sulphate ndikusungira yosungirako mpaka masika pamalo ozizira.
Kuti asungidwe bwino, amangiriridwa mu nsalu yonyowa ndipo amangirika mwamphamvu m'matumba apulasitiki.
Kumayambiriro kwa February, the cuttings kufika ndikuika gawo lapansi la chonyowa conifer utuchi.
Chinthu choperewera chimakhala chinyontho nthawi zonse, osalola kuti chiume. Pambuyo pa kuoneka kwazing'ono mizu, a cuttings obzalidwa mu okonzeka nthaka mchenga, kompositi ndi dziko mpaka rooting.
- Masamba achotsedwa ku mpesa wokonzeka, atakulungidwa mu mphete ndipo, popanda chithandizo china, amasungidwa m'malo amdima, ozizira. Dulani cuttings mu kasupe, kusiya 5-6 maso pa aliyense. Pambuyo pake iwo Masabata 2-3 aperekedwa m'madzi ndikuyika malo otentha kwambiri dzuwa lisanakhazikitsidwe mizu. Zina zowonjezera zidzulidwa mu nthaka yapadera ndi ntchito ya feteleza feteleza.
Mitengo yotereyi ingabzalidwe m'malo osatha kumayambiriro kwa May.
Kupanga Mphesa Yakale: Ubongo ndi Nzeru
Pofuna kupewa mavuto m'tsogolo, kupanga Nkhumba zazitsamba za mphesa Yambani chaka choyamba mutatha. Ngati izi sizichitika, ndiye kuti mpesa wakale umayamba kupweteka ndi nthawi, mbeu imakhala yochepa ndipo kusamalira mphesa kumakhala kovuta.
Choyamba ndi kusankha njira yoyenera yolondera. Pamene mphesa ziri pa khoma, zimathandizidwa pansi pa chilakolako, ndi kuika kwaufulu kwaulere - vertical trellis. Ndikofunika kutambasula mpesa pa dera lonse la trellis kuonetsetsa kuti dzuwa ndi mpweya zimafika kumalo onse a mpesa.
Mitundu ya Isabella siyikuphimbidwa m'nyengo yozizira, kotero ndibwino kwa iye chitsamba chachikulu cha thoracic.
Pogwiritsa ntchito chitsamba chotero, nkofunika kuchotsa ana onse opeza omwe ali pamwamba pa sitepe yachitatu, pamtunda - 2-3 masitepe otsalira ndikuponyedwa pamwamba pake.
Isabella ndi wangwiro popanga arches, arbors ndi pergolas. Komanso kukongola kwa nyumba zanu kungakhale ngati mphesa za msungwana ndi ndemanga yeniyeni ya zomwe mungapeze pa webusaiti yathu.
Chofunikira chachikulu pa mapangidwe ndi kuteteza chitsamba kuchokera ku thickening. Kudulira kobwezeretsa kumachitika chaka ndi chaka pa mpesa wakale: amachotsa mtsuko wonse ndi mipesa chaka chatha, ndipo mphukira yokhazikika chaka ndi chaka imadulidwa ndi maso awiri ndi kumanzere, ndi njira zonse zikukula, kuti apange chipatso chatsopano.
Chofunika kwambiri Yambani kukonza msangamsanga mwamsanga, osalola kukula kosalamulirika.
Ngati mukutsatira malamulo onse ovuta odzala ndikusamalira mphesa za Isabella, mukhoza kulikulitsa ku dacha ngakhale osadziwa zambiri. Isabella ndi mphesa yabwino, yosavuta kusamalira, kupanga ndi kubalana.
Penyani kuona momwe mungakhalire chitsamba mungakhale pavidiyo ili pansipa:
