Kuweta nkhumba ndizofala kwambiri ku gawo la Ukraine, Russia, Azerbaijan ndi maiko ena a CIS. Mmodzi mwa owala kwambiri a zinyama zamapiko anakhala nkhunda za Baku - pambuyo pake, ali ndi zozizwitsa zakuthambo, makhalidwe abwino kwambiri oyendetsa ndege komanso kudziletsa.
Zakale za mbiriyakale
Nkhunda za mtundu wa Baku, monga mitundu yambiri ya nkhondo, inayamba kuonekera ku Achaemenids (Aka Persia) Osapangidwira. Iwo anali ndi "nthenga" zodabwitsa kwambiri pazithumba zawo ndipo anali ndi mphamvu zoposa mbalame zina.
Baku amabala kale kale maonekedwe a USSR m'madera a Azerbaijan, chifukwa anali kumeneko ambiri omwe amadziwa za mtundu umenewu. Ndipo wolima nkhumba aliyense amayesera kuti azikhala ndi chidwi chochuluka ndi banja la nkhunda. Kotero njiwa zambiri zamasewera ndi kumenyana zinakhala Baku.
Tsopano mtundu uwu ukugulitsidwa mwakhama ku Caucasus, Krasnodar komanso ngakhale pakati pa Russia. 
Nkhumba za mtundu wa Baku zimayamikirika chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwawo, kusintha kosavuta kuchokera ku chakudya china kupita ku chimzake, kukhala ndi chitetezo chapamwamba chokhazikika, komanso, kumenyana ndi makhalidwe.
Pezani zomwe nkhunda zimatchedwa nkhondo.
Maonekedwe ndi thupi
Chifukwa cha mitanda yosatha ndikuyesera "kukonzanso" mitundu ndi chilengedwe cha mbalame mpaka pamlingo wa masiku ano, njiwa ya Baku ikuwoneka ngati iyi:
- Maganizo. Pafupifupi, mbalameyi ili ndi kukula kwa masentimita 34-38.
- Mutu Nkhoma zovekedwa ndi nthenga zabwino, mitundu ina imakhala ndi "chiwindi". Kusintha kwa mlengalenga bwino, korona amafanana ndi makoswe.
- Beak Wosasuntha, woonda kwambiri. Ili ndi mapeto omalizira, kutalika sikuli kuposa masentimita 2.5.
- Khosi M'malo mwake, ndi maonekedwe abwino.
- Thupi. Ali ndi chiyero changwiro chokhudza mutu, toned, m'malo minofu.
- Kubwerera. Mapewa ali okwanira mokwanira, operepetsedwa mpaka mchira.
- Mapiko. Kulumikizana mwamphamvu kwa thupi, mapeto ake amanama pafupi, koma osapanga "mtanda". Mchira uli wofanana ndi nthaka.
- Nthenga. Smooth, pafupi ndi thupi.
- Maso Khalani ndi khalidwe lowala.
Fufuzani zomwe ziri zofanana ndi Turkish, Turkmen, Nikolaev, nkhunda za Uzbek, nkhanga.
Ndege yoyendetsa ndege
Paulendowu, mbalamezi sizingasokonezedwe ndi nkhunda zina zonse, chifukwa mlengalenga amasonyeza zifaniziro zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala zokhazokha.
Mosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri ya mbalame zakutchire, nkhuku za Baku zimauluka osati zoweta, koma zowonongeka, ndi mbalame iliyonse paulendoyo ikuwonetsa "masewera" akewo. Kawirikawiri mtundu uwu umakwera kumwamba mokwanira, nthawi zina umakhala wosaoneka ndi maso, koma ndi kulera bwino, nkhundazi nthawi zonse zimafika pakhomo, chifukwa zimagwirizananso ndi malo.
Nkhono za pigeon zimatha kuonongeka mosalekeza: mbalameyi imakwera kumwamba, imathamangira mutu, imayamba kugwedezeka pansi, imawombera mapiko ake mokweza, komanso kangapo.
Mabakuvi amawuluka paokha payekha chifukwa chawonetsero awo, chifukwa synchronous akugwa sangawoneke zosangalatsa.
Mukudziwa? Mitundu ya nkhunda imeneyi ikhoza kukhala mlengalenga kwa maola oposa 12 mzere.
Zosiyanasiyana
Chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri ndi obereketsa anali kubzala mbeuyi, zotsatira zake zinali zosiyana kwambiri ndi anthu omwe amaimira mbalame za Baku. Mitundu yotsatira siyi yokhayo yodziwika, koma ndi imodzi mwazofala kwambiri.
Pezani zomwe nkhunda ziri.
Agbash
Omwe amakhala ndi mtundu uwu akhoza kukhala ndi mtundu wosiyana wa thupi, khadi la bizinesi - makamaka mutu woyera, umene ungakhale wofewa komanso uli ndi "tuft". 
Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti nkhunda zambiri zimakhala bwanji kuthengo.
Baku hryvnas
Mitundu iyi inkawonekera kumayambiriro kwa zaka makumi awiri. Anamubweretsa wokondedwa wa mtundu uwu Schmidt. Mtundu wodabwitsa wa mitundu imeneyi ndi kuti thupi ndi loyera monochromatic, ndipo "tuft" pamutu uli ndi mtundu wowala, wowunikira kumbuyo. Pambali "chubchik" ndi loyera. 
Phunzirani momwe mungasunge nkhunda.
Azungu
Mitundu imeneyi imasiyanasiyana ndi mtundu woyera, popanda ziphuphu. Zimakhulupirira kuti mtundu umenewu uli ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri oyendetsa ndege. 
Phunzirani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito nthiwatiwa, nkhanga, magawuni, zinziri, mbalame zamphaka, pheasants, atsekwe, abakha kunyumba.
Bronze
Otsatsa ambiri amanena kuti mitundu imeneyi ndi yokongola kwambiri: mbalameyi imakhala ndi mkuwa, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zofiira kapena zofiira. 
Phunzirani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito partridge, pheasant ndi manja anu.
Zapamwamba
Nkhundayi imakhala yoyera kwambiri (mobwerezabwereza, ndi zosiyanasiyana inclusions). Mbali yodziwika ndi mutu woperewera ndi mulomo wochepa. Mbalamezi zimakonda kukwera kumwamba, zoposa zamtundu wina. 
Marble
Dzina limalankhula lokha: mbalameyi ili ndi chovala choyera ndi marble splashes a mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mtundu umenewu umafalitsidwa kudzera mwa mzere wa amayi, ndiko kuti, ngati mkazi ndi marble, anapiye adzakhala chimodzimodzi ndi amayi. Mtundu wodabwitsa kwambiri ndi wodabwitsa wa njiwa. 
Blacktails
Mu mitundu iyi, monga dzina limatchulira, nthawizonse pamakhala mchira wakuda wakuda. Thupi palokha palinso monochrome-woyera, ndipo pamutu ndilo "bwino". 
Zambiri zimadalira mtundu wa mbalame, phunzirani za mitundu ya nkhuku, mapiri, zinziri, pheasants, mbalame zam'nyumba, zakutchire ndi zinyama, atsekwe, abakha.
Chile
Mmodzi wa oimira mitundu yambiri ndi nkhunda. Mitundu imeneyi ili ndi chovala chofanana, ndipo masaya, mapiko kapena mchira amazokongoletsedwa ndi mawanga ofiira kapena ofiira.
Chimene chimasiyanitsa mitundu iyi ndi chakuti amakonda maulendo angapo osakwatirana, omwe amatsatiridwa ndi masewera osayembekezereka kumwamba. 
Makanda
Mapikowa ali ndi maluwa okongola, maso a chitumbuwa ndi malo osiyana kwambiri pa khosi. Nkhisi ndizosowa kwambiri ndi "tuft".
Kusindikiza
Imodzi mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri. Mbalamezi zili ndi kuwala (woyera, beige) ndi mchira wamphamvu. Chifukwa cha "helm" iyi, mbalameyo imatha nthawi yambiri kumwamba kuposa mitundu ina iliyonse.
Mukudziwa? Nkhunda ya rarest ya mtundu uwu ndi wachikasu. Mubweretseni ku Krasnodar. Kawirikawiri chikasu amatchedwa grivunas kapena makosi, omwe ali ndi madontho achikasu odabwitsa pamutu. Mbalameyi ndi yokwera mtengo kuposa ena ndipo imayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi eni nkhunda.
Zofunikira pa chipinda
Pigeon - nthumwi ya mapiko, omwe amakhala moyo wokwanira. Nthawi ya moyo ya oimira ena imatha zaka 30, ndipo iyi ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a moyo wa munthu wautali. Komabe, mbalamezi zimatha kulemba zolembera ngati zimasungidwa bwino, chifukwa ngati simukupereka pakhomo panu nyumba yabwino, nthawi yamoyo ingachepetse 2 kapena katatu.
Phunzirani momwe mungamangire dovecote.
Zojambula za dovecot
Miyeso ya dovecote ndi yofunikira kwambiri: mbalame ziyenera kusunthira mwachangu mmenemo komanso kupanga ndege zing'onozing'ono kuchokera kumbali, chifukwa mapiko a mbalame ayenera nthawi zonse kusuntha. Kotero, kukula kwa nyumba ya mbalame kuyenera kukhala:
- kutalika - 150-200 cm;
- dera - nkhunda khumi ndi ziwiri ayenera kukhala osachepera 15 mita mamita. m
Kutentha ndi mpweya wabwino
Malo a nkhunda ayenera kukhala ofunda mokwanira. Kutentha kumayenera kukhala 21-25 ° C mu chilimwe ndi pafupifupi 5 ° C m'nyengo yozizira. Ndibwino kuti tipewe kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha.
Monga mu malo okhalamo cholengedwa chamoyo, m'nyumba ya mbalame simungakhoze kuchita popanda mpweya wabwino. Mpweya wa mbalame uyenera kuyenda mosalekeza, mwinamwake zinyama zikhoza kufooka.
Zisamba ndi zisa
Ndikofunika kuti mbalame iliyonse ikhale ndi malo ake payekha - mapiko omwe mapiko awo amathera nthawi yawo ndikupuma ku maulendo ataliatali. Nkhumba za mtundu wa Baku zimasowa zosalala (mapulani a matabwa). Ngati malo amamangidwa monga masamulo - akhoza kuwiriridwa mbalame ziwiri kapena zitatu.
Kuwonjezera apo, maulendo amafunikira zisa zomwe adzasokoneze ana awo. Nthanga kawirikawiri amakhala mabokosi ang'onoang'ono "mabokosi" opanda pamwamba, pomwe mkazi akhoza kuika mazira ndi kukhala pa iwo.
Ndikofunikira! Mu chisa ayenera kukhala ndi zinyalala zachilengedwe (mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku udzu). Kufika kwa zisa kumathandizanso, chifukwa mbalame sizingasinthe pansi.Video: pigeon nyumba chipangizo
Kudyetsa nkhokwe, kumwa mowa, kupalka
Kudyetsa nkhokwe.
Otsatsa omwe ali ndi zaka zambiri amalimbikitsa kuti apange odyetsera osiyana ndi akuluakulu omwe ali achinyamata kuti aliyense akhale wodzaza ndipo palibe mikangano ndi nkhondo.
Dzidziwitse nokha ndi mitundu ya nkhunda ndi malamulo a kuswana kwawo.Zofunikira pa kudya koyenera:
- zipangizo zachilengedwe zomwe zimapangidwa;
- kupeza molunjika kwa chakudya;
- chitetezo cha ingress cha zinthu zakunja mkati mwake (zinyalala, chinyezi, chimbudzi);
- Kufikira kwa anthu (kuyeretsa).
Video: ubwino ndi zoipa za odyetsa osiyana ndi nkhunda Kumwa mbale
Wokumwa akhoza kugulidwa pa sitolo yapadera, kapena mungathe kuchita nokha pogwiritsa ntchito botolo lalikulu ndi mbale. Komabe, nkofunika kuti kuchuluka kwa madzi kukugwirizana ndi chiwerengero cha anthu. Mbalame siziyenera kuvutika ndi ludzu.
Ndikofunikira! Nthawi yozizira iyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti madzi amawombera, kotero muyenera kulingalira za Kutentha kwa womwa mowa ngati ali kunja.
Kupalka.
Kusamba ndi kofunika kuti nyama zinyama zikhale ndi ubwino wabwino wa nthenga zawo komanso thanzi labwino. Izi zimathandiza kuti mbalame zichotse nthenga zakufa, fumbi ndi tizilombo, zomwe zingakhale mu zokutira nkhunda.
Monga chikho mungagwiritsire ntchito zida zowonongeka zamadzi, zomwe ziweto zidzakondwera kukwera ndikuzisamba. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito mabotolo akuluakulu okhala pansi (udzu wouma, mchenga wabwinobwino, etc.).
Ngati dothi kapena tizilombo tambiri tidziwoneka, munthuyo amafunika kusamba mbalameyi pazipangizo zachipatala kapena kutenga njiwa yosamba kupita kuchipatala (koma osati chipatala chilichonse cha chipatala chimapereka chithandizo).
Nkhunda yosamba: kanema
Malonda ndi ukhondo
Kuti mukhale ndi nyerere yowonongeka komanso yowona bwino mu nkhunda iliyonse, muyenera kupanga pulasitiki, yomwe ili kutalika ndi 50mm. Monga "chophimba" mungagwiritse ntchito udzu, utuchi, timatabwa tating'ono ndi zinthu zina zopanda pake.
Ndikofunika kutengera zinyalala, malingana ndi chiwerengero cha "milomo", chifukwa anthu ambiri - dothi loposa. Nambala yochepera ya kuyeretsa - kamodzi pa sabata. Ndipo kamodzi pamwezi m'pofunikira kuchita mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mothandizidwa ndi njira yapadera yomwe imakhala yopanda vuto kwa ziweto zonse ndi anthu.
Lettok
Pogwiritsa ntchito njiwa zopangidwa bwino mumapangidwe awo ayenera kumaphatikizapo khomo lolowera - "msewu waukulu", momwe nkhunda imabwera musanafike "m'nyumba". Kawirikawiri ndilokapafupi ndi 15 × 15 cm mu kukula, ndipo 1 khola ililo limawerengedwa ndi maunda awiri.
Popeza kuti nyumbazi zimapangidwira maulendo angapo, ndiye kuti, makonzedwe angapo ayenera kupanga kuti njiwa zilowe mosavuta ndi kutulukamo. 
Dyetsa ndi madzi
Chakudya cha banja lodziwidwa ndi nthenga ayenera kukhala ndi zinthu monga mapulotini, mafuta, zakudya ndi mavitamini osiyanasiyana kuti thanzi ndi njiwa za nkhunda zikhale zosadetsedwa.
Mbali yaikulu yodyetsa mbalame ndi tirigu - balere, mapira, chimanga, mpunga, ndi zina. Koma mbalame zokha, nyemba sizidzakwanira. Mu zakudya ayenera kukhala ndi nyemba (nandolo, mphodza), mafuta a mafuta (mpendadzuwa, rapse, fulakesi), kaloti. Ndiyeneranso kuwonjezera zipatso, masamba ndi udzu (letesi, nyemba zouma).
Phunzirani momwe mungadyetse nkhunda ndi anapiye.Mavuto oterowo adzakhala olemera muzitsulo zonse zofunika kwa mbalame, adzalola njiwa kuti zibwezeretsedwe pambuyo pa ndege zowonjezera ndikusunga mphamvu zatsopano.
Kawirikawiri, obereketsa amagwiritsa ntchito chakudya monga chakudya, chomwe chimagulitsidwa m'masitolo apadera ndipo chiri ndi zinthu zonse zofunika. 
Ndikofunikira! Zinyama zamphongo ziyenera kukhala ndi zakudya ziwiri: kadzutsa ndi chakudya chamadzulo.
Ndi madzi a zinyama, zonse zimakhala zosavuta: ziyenera kukhala zoyera ndipo ziyenera kusinthidwa kawirikawiri kuti zisawonongeke ndi kupuma. Mbalame zimafuna kumwa mowa nthawi zonse.
Omudzi ndi nkhunda zina
Ambiri a nkhunda amasankha mbalame za mtundu wa Baku monga ziweto zawo. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi mfundo yakuti iyi ndi njiwa yokongola kwambiri, yomwe ili ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri oyendetsa ndege, komanso imakhala yodzichepetsa komanso yosagonjetsedwa ndi matenda.
Nthawi zambiri nkhunda zimakhala m'mabanja a mtundu womwewo, koma ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njiwa, zimakhala zoyenera kuyambira pachiyambi. Mbalame zochokera mu msinkhu wazing'ono zimatha kuyanjana. Komanso, monga tanenera kale, ndikofunika kupereka odyetsa osiyana ndi achikulire ndi zinyama kuti athe kupewa mikangano.
Phunzirani zonse za matenda a njiwa, ndibwino kukhala ndi malo okhala ndi nkhunda.
Maphunziro
Mbalame zimaphunzira kuthawa, kuyang'ana makolo awo: akuluakulu amauluka ndi "kusewera" mlengalenga, ndipo zinyama zimayesera kuwatsanzira. Kuti anapiye aphunzire kuthawa ndi "kusewera," muyenera kuti mumaphunzitse kwenikweni mawadi awo a nthenga. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukhala oleza mtima, chifukwa mbalame sizingatenge nthawi yomweyo. Kuti muphunzire bwino pali malamulo angapo:
- Kuyamba maphunziro oyambirira sikunali koyambirira kuposa tsiku la 40 la moyo wa mwanayo.
- Poyamba, nkhuku imakhala bwino (kuyika mchira, etc.), koma pakapita nthawi mbalameyo idzazaza mapiko ndikuphunzira chirichonse.
- Ndondomeko yomaliza yomenyana idzapangidwa ndi chiweto kwa zaka ziwiri, choncho ndi bwino kusankha anthu ovomerezeka, odziwa bwino ngati makolo.
- Kwa nthawi yoyenera ndikuyenera kumasula anthu oposa 8 omwe ali osadziwa zambiri. Pamene mawonekedwe awo ali pafupi ndi ma synchronous, mukhoza kuonjezera chiwerengero cha "milomo".
- Chokongola kwambiri chimaonedwa kuti ndikumenyana panthaŵi imodzimodzi ndi anthu 15.
Mukudziwa? Kuti anawo azizoloŵera kubwerera kwawo, obereketsa ku Baku amadyetsa mbalame zazing'ono musanawuluke.Momwe mungaphunzitsire nkhunda: kanema
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Ubwino waukulu wa nkhuku za Baku ndi:
- chophweka pa chakudya, chisamaliro ndi dovecot;
- kukumbukira zabwino zapakhomo (zosavuta kupeza njira kunyumba);
- kupirira, kuthekera kupanga maulendo ataliatali;
- Makhalidwe abwino oyendetsa ndege (ndi maphunziro abwino - masewera "odabwitsa" kumwamba);
- kukana matenda ambiri oopsa.
- Zowonongeka zowonongeka zimathekera (thupi lonse, khosi silikhala ndi khola, etc.);
- nyama zinyama popanda maphunziro owonjezera musabwerere mwamsanga;
- ndi "masewera" okongola omwe mukusowa kuchitapo nthawi yaitali, popanda mtundu umene umataya zest wake;
- mbalame zautali zimafuna chakudya chochuluka chomwe chimapindula mu zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa mavitamini.
Nkhunda za mtundu wa Baku ndi mbalame zodabwitsa: Zimayenda mokwera komanso motalika kwambiri kuposa nkhunda zambiri, ndipo chofunika kwambiri, zimakhala zosaoneka bwino m'mlengalenga, zomwe zimatchedwa kuti aces mwachindunji. Amakumbukira bwino njira yomwe amachitira kunyumba ndipo amazoloŵerana ndi mwini wawo, komanso amayendayenda bwino pamtunda. Mbalamezi zili ndi mitundu yambiri ya mitundu ndi mitundu, zomwe zili ndi zizindikiro zake. Pobzala banja la njiwa ngati izi, mwiniwake angakhale wotsimikiza kuti ziweto zake ndizokha zokhazokha, ndi maluso ndi makhalidwe awo.Nkhunda za mtundu wa Baku: ndemanga
