Yophukira imapatsa bowa mosiyanasiyana. Zikhoza kusonkhanitsidwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa August mpaka November. Iwo amasungidwa bwino kuposa, mwachitsanzo, chilimwe. Mmodzi mwa iwo ali ndi chokoma kwambiri, oyenera zosiyanasiyana zophikira. Tikukudziwitsani kuti mudziwe bwino kwambiri.
Bowa wonyezimira
Timayamba kudziwana ndi nthumwi ya ufumu wa bowa, yomwe anthu ambiri amadziwika monga "mfumu ya bowa", chifukwa amamuona kuti ndi wamtengo wapatali kwambiri pa zakudya ndi zakudya. Amatchedwanso boletus.
N'zosavuta kumudziwa - ndi kapu yaikulu yotalika 7-30 masentimita, yomwe ingakhale yochokera ku bulauni mpaka yoyera. Wakukula fungasi, ndi mdima. Pamakhala chinyezi chambiri chimakhala ngati chikuphatikizidwa ndi ntchentche. Nthawi zonse, pamwamba pake ndi matte kapena yowala. 
Mwendo wa bowa woyera nthawi zambiri amawoneka kwambiri. Ikhoza kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 7 mpaka 27 ndi makulidwe a masentimita 7. Imafanana ndi mbiya kapena mace. Pamene bowa imakula, mwendo umasintha maonekedwe ake ndipo ukhoza kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Imajambula phokoso ku kapu, kokha pang'ono, kapena bulauni, maonekedwe ofiira. Akhale oyera. Zomwe zili ndi gulu lonse.
Bowa wodyera monga aspen nkhuni, white podgruzdki, boletus, russula, maluwa, mokhovik, nkhumba, mchere wofiira, mitsuko, dubovik, nsalu zofiirira, creaks, govorushki, mvula, mvula, mvula, mvula, maluwa bowa la uchi - magwero a zakudya zamtengo wapatali: mapulotini, mafuta, zakudya, mavitamini ndi ma microelements.
Thupi la oimira achinyamata ndi loyera. Okalamba amapeza chikasu. Ndi yowutsa mudyo, yopatsa nyama, yofewa kulawa. Pamene kudula kumasunga mtundu. Kununkhira ndi kulawa kwake kofatsa, kumawonetseredwa kokha pakuphika. 
Mndandanda wa mdima wonyezimira uli ndi miyala ya 1-4 masentimita. Ndili ndi msinkhu, amasintha chikasu ndikusintha.
Bowa wonyezimira ndi mycorrhiza. Zimagwirizana ndi mitengo yambiri, koma zambiri zimakonda conifers. Amamera m'nkhalango yolemera mu moss ndi lichen. Ndi dziko lonse lapansi, ndiko kuti, limaimiridwa pa makontinenti onse, kupatula ku Australia.
Nthaŵi ya fruiting yake ikuchokera pakati pa mwezi wa June mpaka mwezi wa October.
Ndi bowa wodalirika, ndiko kuti, ndi oyenera kudya mwatsopano komanso mitundu yonse ya mankhwala - kutentha, kuwira, pickling, salting, kuyanika. 
Mukudziwa? Bambowa amadziwika ngati chomera chofulumira kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi - pafupipafupi, chimaphatikizapo masentimita 20 patsiku. Komabe, bowa la bowa linagwera. Kukula kwake ndi 0,5 cm pamphindi. Choncho, mu maminiti 10 akuwonjezera 5 cm mu msinkhu.
Oyster
Wina wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa bowa wamagetsi - bowa wa oyster. Amadziwika ndi kukula kwakukulu. Chipewa chake chimakula kuyambira masentimita 5 mpaka 15 mumasinkhulidwe osakanikirana, amatsenga amawoneka ndi thupi la chipatso cha 30 sentimita. Mu mawonekedwe, iwo akhoza kufanana ndi khutu, kumiza, kapena kungokhala kuzungulira. Zipewa za achinyamata oimira - convex, okhwima - flat kapena shirokoronkovkovidnye. Pamwamba pake ndi osalala komanso ophwanyika. Pamene bowa limakula, osati mawonekedwe okha komanso mtundu wa kapu amasintha - amasintha kuchokera ku mdima wofiira kupita ku imvi, nthawi zina ali ndi zofiirira.
Msola wa bowa wa oyster ndi wochepa, kawirikawiri kwambiri moti siwoneka. Ikhoza kukhala yokhota, mu mawonekedwe a silinda, taper pansi. Mtundu wake ndi woyera. 
Nyama imakhalanso yoyera, yofewa, yowutsa mudyo, yokondweretsa kulawa, pafupifupi yosavuta. Mu bowa okhwima amayamba kukhala wolimba ndi ulusi.
Oyster ndi saprophyte, ndiko kuti, imakula, kuwononga akufa kapena kufooka nkhuni. Amakula makamaka m'magulu, m'matumba "osiyanasiyana" matupi osiyanasiyana. Makope osakwatira samapezeka.
Dzidziwitse ndi bowa losakanizidwa, monga bowa wakuda, mkaka, aspen, amanitas, svinushki, ndi foxfish.Nthawi yokula - September-December.
Bowa la oyster ndi lofunika kwambiri pophika chifukwa liri ndi mapuloteni ambiri ndi amino acid, pafupifupi nyama ndi mkaka. Komanso, mapuloteni omwe ali mmenemo amathandizidwa kwambiri ndi thupi la munthu. Zitsanzo zochepa chabe ndizoyenera kudya. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika mbale yophika, salting ndi pickling. 
Mukudziwa? Mu chilengedwe, pali bowa wochuluka. Amadyetsa nematodes, amoebas ndi foottails. Iwo ali ndi kukula kwakukulu komwe amapeza tizilombo. Mwa kudya, makamaka ndi bowa wa oyster.
Katundu
Banja la bowa wa bowa. Chipewa chake ndi chachikulu - kuyambira 5 mpaka 20 cm mwake. Maonekedwewo amakhala ophweka komanso ochepa. Pa kukhwima, m'mbali mwake zimapangika mkati mwake, ndipo zonsezi zimakhala ngati mawonekedwe. Pamwamba pa chipatso cha thupi chimapangidwa ndi ntchentche yakhama kapena yowala.
Chipewachi chimayikidwa pa tsinde laling'ono la mamita atatu mpaka asanu ndi awiri. Kukula kwake kumakhala kwa 2-5 masentimita. Limakula mu mawonekedwe a silinda komanso mkati mwake. Mtundu umagwirizana ndi chipewa - choyera kapena chikasu. 
Thupi ndi loyera. Ndizovuta. Fungo lake ndi lakuthwa, kukumbukira zipatso.
Bowa amatanthauza bowa. Zolemba zake nthawi zambiri zimapezeka. Ziri zazikulu, zojambula mu chikasu, mthunzi wa kirimu.
Bowa umadutsa m'nkhalango zakuda za Russia, Belarus, m'dera la Volga ndi Siberia kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka September. Icho chiwerengedwa ngati choyenera kudya. Mchere mutatha kuchotsa mkwiyo podziwa maola 24. 
Zakudya za Hedgehog
Ezhovik ali ndi mitundu yambiri yodyera komanso yodetsedwa. Kawirikawiri ndi urchin chikasu, ndipo chokoma kwambiri ndi chisa urchin. Chophimba chachikulu choyamba - mpaka masentimita 15 m'mimba mwake, lalanje kapena wofiira. Ali wachinyamata, ali ndi mawonekedwe okhwima, ndipo kenako amakhala ophweka. Mitengo imakula mkati, komanso pafupifupi zonse ezhovikovyhs.
Msowa wa bowa ndi wofanana ndi wachikasu. Ndi otsika, pafupifupi masentimita 2-8.
Thupi ndi losalimba, lopaka utoto wachikasu. Ali ndi kukoma kwa fruity, koma kwa oimira achinyamata okha. Kalekale ndi kovuta komanso kowawa. 
Nkhumba imadutsa ku Eurasia ndi North America kuyambira mwezi woyamba wa chilimwe mpaka m'mawa. Iyo ikhoza kukula mpaka yoyamba chisanu.
Chophimba ndi mwendo zimadyedwa mu zokazinga, zophika komanso zamchere, komabe, pambuyo poyendetsa thupi poyendetsa, ndikuchotsa mkwiyo.
Kuthana ndi ezhovik ndi kochepa kwambiri kuposa chikasu. Komabe, n'zosangalatsa chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kwakukulu, mofanana ndi nkhanu kapena nyama ya shrimp, ndi maonekedwe. Zimangokhala ndi fruiting thupi ngati mawonekedwe angapo akugwa owala omwe amakula pa mitengo ikuluikulu yamitengo komanso m'mitengo yophulika. Bowa umadutsa ku Crimea, Far East ndi China kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka October. 
Ndikofunikira! Mitundu ya zipatso ya bowa imatha kuunjikira zinthu zovulaza m'deralo. Choncho, mukuphika, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito makope omwewo omwe amasonkhanitsidwa m'madera ochezeka.
Umbrella unakula
Ichi ndi mtundu umodzi wa champignon. Bowa amatchulidwa choncho, chifukwa pokhala wamkulu amawoneka ngati ambulera yotseguka. Komabe, mwamsanga atangoyang'ana khungu lake globular kapena mwa mawonekedwe a dzira. Pepala beige, yofiirira yofiira, yokutidwa ndi mamba.
Msola uli pamwamba - kuyambira 10 mpaka 25 masentimita ndi woonda - 1-2 masentimita awiri, ndi yosalala pamwamba. M'kati mulibe kanthu. 
Mnofu ndi wachifundo, ndi fungo lamphamvu. Woyera woyera, koma pakutha kapena kudula kumakhala lalanje.
Sinthani mtundu ndi kupsyinjika ndi mbale - kuchokera ku zoyera kupita ku lalanje-wofiira. Ulifupi wawo ndi pafupifupi masentimita imodzi ndi theka. Iwo amapezeka nthawi zambiri.
Mphungu yomwe imabwereranso imatanthauzanso saprotrophs. Amapezeka m'madera osungira m'nkhalango, mapaki, steppes, meadows. Malo ake ndi Europe, Asia, ndi North ndi South America. Amafuna kukula m'magulu, nthawi imodzi imadutsa nthawi zambiri. Amakula kuyambira mwezi wa July mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa November. 
Zophika zokha zimadyedwa, monga miyendo yowuma kwambiri. Amadyedwa mwatsopano ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ayamwe.
Bowa wa kabokosi
Bowa wa kabokosi amangooneka ngati woyera, koma ali ndi msuzi wakuda. Kapu ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyana - kuchokera pazithunzi mpaka kufika ponseponse. Miyeso yake ndi yaying'ono - 3-8 masentimita. Pamwamba pa anyamata oimira amodzi, okhwima - osowa.
Werengani za njira zokolola mafuta, bowa, ma chanterelles ndi bowa woyera m'nyengo yozizira.
Msola uli ngati mawonekedwe a masentimita 4-8 masentimita ndi 1-3 masentimita wandiweyani. Zitsanzo zina zimakwera kumunsi. Paunyamata, olimba, ndiye amapita mu dzenje. Mtundu wake umagwirizana ndi mtundu wa kapu, mwinamwake zingapo zing'onozing'ono. 
Thupi ndi loyera. Zomwezo zimakhalabe ndi kudula kapena kupuma. Fungo ndi kulawa sizitchulidwa makamaka. Kukoma kumalamulidwa ndi malemba a hazelnut.
Ndi bowa wamba. Mipope pansi pa kapu ndi yaifupi, mpaka mamita 0.8 cm, yoyera. Ndili ndi zaka, yatsani chikasu.
Malo okula - nkhalango zakuda komanso zosakanizika za kumpoto ndi nyengo yozizira. Nthawi ya fructification imagwa pa July-October. 
Nkhuku za kabokosi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popuma, monga zimakhala zowawa pamene zophikidwa.
Kuthamanga
Bowa la mbuzi lili ndi mayina ena owonjezera - dzimbiri la mohovik, mohovnik. Chiyimira mtundu wa tubular. Chipewa chake chimachokera pa 3 mpaka 12 cm mwake. Mu mawonekedwe - mwa mawonekedwe a msolo wothamanga. Mu ukalamba - mu mawonekedwe a mbale. Pamene kutentha kwapamwamba kuli ndi ntchentche. Mtundu uli wofiira, wachikasu-bulauni, ocher.
Msola uli wotsika, masentimita 4-10 m'litali, mu mawonekedwe a silinda, olimba. Mtundu umapanga mgwirizano ndi chipewa. Pansi pake ndi wachikasu. 
Mnofu ndi wandiweyani, ukalamba umawoneka ngati mphira, kuwala kobiriwira. Mukadula pang'ono amasintha mtundu wofiira kapena wobiriwira. Fungo ndi kukoma kwa bowa mwatsopano pafupifupi imperceptible.
Malo okula ndi malo ozungulira kumpoto ndi nyengo yozizira ku Ulaya, Caucasus, Urals, Siberia, ndi Far East. Mbuzi mikoriziruet ndi pine. Amatha kukula m'magulu kapena okha kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa autumn.
Zophika kuphika mbuzi watsopano. Iyenso ndi yabwino kwa pickling ndi salting. 
Chanterelle
Chanterelle ali ndi chipatso cha chipatso cha chipatso cha mtundu wa chipatso monga mawonekedwe a mtundu wosasintha wa maluwa okongola, achilanje. Maonekedwe awa amachititsa kuti chanterelle isakhale ndi bowa lina lililonse. Mkati mwake, kapu imakhala ya masentimita 3 mpaka 14. Msola umakula msinkhu wa masentimita 3 mpaka 10. Umathamangira pansi.
Mnofu wake ndi woyera kapena wachikasu. Nthawi zambiri mdulidwe umatembenuza buluu kapena wofiira. Kukoma kwake kuli kovuta, kununkhiza ndi kofooka, kukumbukira kununkhira kwa zipatso zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi mizu.
Himenofor kupangidwa. Zifumba zamagulu. 
Chanterelle makamaka imakula pa nthaka, koma imatha kukula pa moss. Mafomu mycorrhiza ndi mitengo yambiri yodula komanso yodontha. Limakula m'magulu okha. Ili ndi nthawi ziwiri za fruiting. Yoyamba imabwera mu June, yachiwiri imatha kuyambira August mpaka Oktoba.
Chanterelle ndi bowa wambiri, angagwiritsidwe ntchito mwa mtundu uliwonse.
Ndikofunikira! Mitundu yonse ya chanterelles imadya. Komabe, nkhungu zina zopanda poizoni pansi pake zimasungunuka ndipo zikhoza kuvulaza thanzi laumunthu. Izi zimaphatikizapo, mwachitsanzo, omphalot chakupha kapena inedible zabodza chanterelle. Choncho, ndikofunika kuti mudziwe zambiri za momwe mungasiyanitse anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi chanterelles.
Oiler
Oiler amatchulidwanso chifukwa kapu yake imadzazidwa ndi wosanjikiza mafuta. Mu mafuta wamba amatha kukhala aakulu ndipo amatha masentimita 14. Pakapita nthawi, mawonekedwewo amasintha ndipo akhoza kukhala otsika, osakaniza, ofanana ndi mtsamiro. Mtunduwu ndi mdima wofiira, wofiirira.
Kapu imakhala pamunsi otsika kuchokera 3 mpaka 11 cm m'litali. Mtundu wake ndi woyera. Lili ndi mphete yoyera, yomwe imakhala yofiira ndi zaka.
Nyama ndi yowutsa madzi, yoyera kapena yofiira, yofiira m'munsi. 
Mndandanda wa tubulawu umapita ku phazi. Mtundu wake ndi wachikasu.
Mafuta akhoza kugwidwa m'nkhalango zamtundu wa Northern Northern and subtropics. Ndi ephedra amapanga mycorrhiza. Misa ikuwoneka mu September. Fruiting imatha mpaka kumapeto kwa October.
Pophika, olemba mafuta amakonda kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama pophika soups, sauces, mbale mbale. Ndi chokoma, ngati chokazinga, kuzifota, kuzifota. Zokonzeka kuyanika. 
Mokhovik
Bowa, omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka mumsasa, choncho adalandira dzina. Zili ndi mitundu yambiri, zomwe zambiri zimadya. Osankha amathawa amachikonda chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kwakukulu ndi mbozi yochepa. Mitengo yokongola kwambiri yobiriwira, variegated, yofiira, ya polisi. Mokhovik ali ndi kufanana kwina ndi ma boletus. Komabe, makapu awo ndi osiyana.
Ntchentche yobiriwira ili ndi kapu yamtundu wa 3-10 masentimita. Patapita nthawi, imawongoka ndipo imakhala yowonongeka ndi kugwa pansi. Ndi lofiira kwambiri, lofiirira. Pansi pake ndi youma, matte.
Msola umakula patalika masentimita 5 mpaka 10, nthawi zina mpaka masentimita 12. Ubweya wake umakhala wolemera masentimita atatu kapena atatu. 
Thupi ndi loyera. Lili ndi fungo lokoma ndi kukoma.
Amakonda kukula m'nkhalango zomwe zili ndi conifers ndi mitengo yovuta ku Eurasia, North America, Australia. Nthawi ya fruiting yayitali - kuyambira June mpaka November.
Mokhovik wobiriwira amatanthauza bowa wokoma. Mwachitsanzo, ku Germany ndi ofunikira kuposa zoyera. Mokhovik amadya mwatsopano, stewed, yokazinga, amchere ndi mchere. Malo osungirako auma. 
Mokruha
Bowa la hat-ndi-bowa ndi kapu yotsekedwa ndi ntchentche yomwe ili ndi mamita 5-12 masentimita ndi mwendo waukulu wokhala ndi maluwa okwana masentimita 12. Chipewacho chili chofiirira, pinki, chofiirira ndi maonekedwe ofiira ndi ofiira. Ilo liri ndi mawonekedwe a chilengedwe, ndiyeno_masamba. Mwendo - wachikasu, wowala wachikasu, wofiirira. Thupi ndi loyera. Ma mbalewo ndi osowa, amatsika pamlendo, amajambula m'mitundu yowala. Fungo ndi kulawa sizitchulidwa kwambiri. Kukoma kumakhala kokoma.
Pofuna kupewa chiwopsezo chachikulu komanso imfa, phunzirani kusiyanitsa bowa zomwe zimapezeka kuchokera kwa abodza.
Malo okulawo ndi kumpoto kwa hemisphere conifer. Mitundu yowonjezeka kwambiri ndi spruce, pine, mottled, pinki. Nthawi yolima - chilimwe-autumn. Zimakula m'magulu.
Cook mokruhu yophika ndi mchere. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito potsamba ndi kumatsuka pambuyo pa mphindi 15. Musanaphike, muyenera kuyeretsa khungu ndi ntchentche. Pakati pa chithandizo cha kutentha, bowa lingadetse. 
Chisa cha m'dzinja
Mapeto a fruiting, bonnet yotchedwa convex bridge nthawi ya autumn canine imakhala yotsetsereka, ndipo m'mphepete mwace amakhala wavy. Pamwamba pake pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bulauni, yobiriwira komanso yokutidwa ndi mamba. Pakatili ndi mdima pang'ono kuposa m'mphepete mwake. Kukula kwa kapu kumafikira masentimita 3-10 m'mimba mwake.
Msola wa uchi ndi wofiirira, 8-10 masentimita yaitali ndipo 1-2 cm wakuda, kwathunthu wokutidwa ndi mamba.
Manyowa ndi owopsa, ndipo mu bowa wakale ndi ofewa ndi zabwino, zonunkhira komanso kukoma. Mtundu ndi woyera. 
Pansi pa kapu muli zolemba zosawerengeka. Iwo amajambula mu mitundu yowala ndipo akhoza kukhala ndi mdima wakuda.
Yophukira meadow - bowa-tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zimakhudza pafupifupi mitengo mazana awiri ndi zomera zina zochepa. Limakula m'magulu okha. Angakhale pa zomera zakufa. Malo akukula ndi Northern Northern Hemisphere. Ambiri mwa nkhalangoyi ali ndi chinyezi chachikulu. Amakhazikika pa mitengo ikuluikulu, mitsinje, mumtsinje kuyambira August mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira.
Zina mwazo zimaphatikizapo cask kuti azidyera kapena kuzidya. Iyenera kuyiritsidwa, chifukwa, ikadali yaiwisi kapena yosaphika, imayambitsa kupweteka kwa thupi. Chisa cha m'dzinja ndi choyenera kuwira, kufuma, salting, kuyanika, pickling. 
Boletus
Brown cap boletus ili ndi mitundu ingapo. Zonsezi zimadya, zimakhala zosiyana, koma zimakhala zofanana. Monga dzina limatanthauza, bowa mikoriziruet ndi birch.
Bokosi la Brown likhoza kukhala ndi kapu, yomwe imakhala yosiyana ndi imvi yofiirira. Ndi yaikulu - mpaka masentimita 15 kudutsa, wooneka monga chilengedwe, koma patapita nthawi imakhala yofanana ndi miyendo. Pamwamba pa chinyezi, chimbudzi chowoneka chikuoneka pamwamba pake.
Chipewacho chimayikidwa pa thumba lalitali lalitali - masentimita 15 m'litali ndi masentimita atatu. Lili ndi mawonekedwe a silinda, limadutsa pang'ono. Pamwamba pake muli ndi mamba a mdima. 
Thupi ndi loyera. Nthawi yopuma kapena mtundu wodulidwa nthawi zambiri samasintha. Ili ndi kukoma kokoma komanso kosangalatsa kosalekeza.
Mndandanda wa tubulawu umapangidwa ndi miyendo yaitali, yonyansa.
Mu boletus nthawi yaitali fruiting, yomwe imayamba kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, ndipo imatha kumapeto kugwa. Anapangidwa m'nkhalango zosakanikirana ndi zakuda za Eurasia, North ndi South America. 
Bowa ndi woyenera kuwira, kufuma, pickling ndi kuyanika. Kwa zitsanzo zakale, zimalimbikitsa kuthetsa wosanjikiza.
Boletus
Amatcha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bowa, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakula pafupi ndi aspen. Mbali yawo yaikulu ndi lalanje, mtundu wofiira wa kapu ndi buluu la zamkati pakadulidwa. Mitundu yonse ya bowa la aspen ingadye.
Рассмотрим более детально наиболее распространенный вид - красный, в народе известный больше как красноголовик, красюк или красик. Шляпка у него вырастает до 15 см в окружности. Сначала она показывается в форме полушария, затем становится похожей на подушку. Поверхность бархатистая, окрашена в различные оттенки красного. 
Msola uli pamwamba: kuchokera masentimita 5 mpaka 15, minofu ndi wandiweyani - mpaka masentimita asanu. Zithunzi zojambulidwa ndi mamba.
Mnofu ndi wandiweyani, koma ngati bowa limakula, limachepetsa.
Mipira yoyera ya 1-3 masentimita ili pansi pa kapu.
Pangani bowa - omwe mumakhala pafupi ndi mitengo ya mitengo ya Eurasia. Iwo amawonekera mu June, ndipo amathera mu fruiting mu October. Pakuti nkhunguzi zimadziwika ndi magawo atatu a fruiting. Mu kugwa ndilo lalikulu kwambiri komanso lotha msinkhu. 
Boletus amadziwika kuti ndi bowa wokometsetsa kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amaikidwa kuti akhale ndi zakudya zamthupi pambuyo pa "mfumu ya bowa" yoyera. Zophika zimaona kuti zonsezi.
Kufiira
Ryzhiki amakondedwa ndi okonda bowa ndipo amayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi ophika. Mitundu ina imapanga zokoma. Bowawa amadya mwatsopano, wamchere komanso wamchere.
Ndizomveka kuzizindikira - zili ndi chipewa chofiira, chofiira. Mu nsomba yaying'ono yamakono ndi yaikulu - kuyambira 4 mpaka 18 masentimita. Pa kubadwa, kugwiritsira ntchito, koma pakapita nthawi imadutsa ndikupanga ndodo. Mphepete mwazing'ono atakulungidwa. Pamwamba ndi yosalala ndi yowala. 
Phazi liri laling'ono - kukula kwa 3-7 masentimita ndi 1.5-2 masentimita wandiweyani. Kawirikawiri ndi mtundu womwewo ndi chipewa, nthawi zina amajambula ndi mitundu yowala. Chithunzicho mu mawonekedwe a silinda, chomwe chiri chochepetsedwa pansi.
Chomangirira cholimba, mtundu wachikasu-lalanje.
Mabala a lamella ndiwo maulendo ofiira a lalanje.
Ryzhiki - okhala m'nkhalango za coniferous. Dyera kuyambira July mpaka October. Mapiri a fruiting ndi July ndi September. 
Kupalasa
Limeneli ndilo dzina lofala la bowa la agaric lomwe lili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maonekedwe a mtundu wa hemispheres, omwe amakhala ndi khungu lamagetsi kapena lamoto, lomwe nthawi zambiri limakula m'mizere. Imodzi mwa mitundu yokoma kwambiri ndi Mongolia. Pambuyo pa kuoneka kwake, ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zamoyo, kumapeto kwa moyo - zowonongeka, zowonongeka, ndi m'mphepete mwazitali. Kapu ili ndi chikopa choyera.
Msola umakula pakati, umatha kutalika kwa masentimita 4-10. Monga bowa ikukula, mtundu wa mwendo umasintha kuchoka ku zoyera kupita ku uve wonyezimira kapena wachikasu.
Mnofu ndi woyera, wokoma kwambiri komanso wokoma. 
Bowa uwu umadutsa ku Central Asia, Mongolia ndi China.
Mu homoynikov a ku Russia madera ali ambiri mzere wa earthy, wofiirira-malungo, matsutake, chimphona. Ridovki, monga lamulo, imabala chipatso kuyambira August mpaka October.
Zophika amchere mchere, kuzifutsa, zophika. 
Russula
Pafupifupi theka la bowa omwe amapezeka pansi pa mitengo yowonongeka ndi yotchedwa coniferous ku Eurasia, Australia, East Asia ndi America ndi russula. Ambiri amaoneka mu August ndi September. Kutsiriza fruiting mu October. Bowawa siwothandiza kwambiri pambali ya kukoma, komabe iwo amasonkhanitsidwa mwachidwi ndi osankha bowa. Zokoma kwambiri ndizo mamembala awo omwe ali ndi zikopa zobiriwira, makamaka zamtundu, buluu, zamtundu komanso kukhala ndi mithunzi yochepa yofiira ngati n'kotheka.
Bowa wina amayamba kuwonekera ngakhale mu kasupe. Pezani zomwe bowa zimakula mu Meyi.
Mmodzi mwa zokoma kwambiri syroezhek - wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira. Ali ndi chipewa chachikulu chobiriwira chomwe chimapangidwa ndi ming'alu. Amakhala ndi masentimita 5 mpaka 16. Msola wa Russula uwu ndi wotsika - 4-12 masentimita, woyera. Thupi ndi lakuda, loyera, lakuthwa kulawa. Ma mbalewo amapezeka kawirikawiri, kapezi woyera kapena kirimu.
Mtsogoleri wa Russula akhoza kudyedwa yaiwisi, yowuma, yophika, yophika, yophika. 
Ndikofunikira! Muyenera kukhala osamala kwambiri kuti musasokoneze russula yobiriwira yomwe ili ndi poizoni, chifukwa ndi ofanana. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndi mwendo. Mu russula imakhala yolimba, yochepetsedwa, yoyera. Mu toadstool pali kulemera kwa tuber pansipa, mphete ndi kuwala kobiriwira kapena chikasu mitsinje ndi streaks. Mu toadstool palinso filimu pansi pa thupi la zipatso.
Mushroom Wamaluwa
Bowa wa nkhalango kapena chisomo ali ndi kapu kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kamene kamakhala kakang'ono. Ndi bulauni.
Msoza wa bowa uwu ndi wapamwamba - mpaka masentimita 11, mawonekedwe a mpira. Kukula kumakula mpaka masentimita imodzi ndi theka. Ali mnyamata, woyera, ndiye imvi. Makope ang'onoang'ono ali ndi mphete pamlendo, womwe umatayika mosalekeza. 
Thupi ndi loonda, lowala. Mukakanikizika, imakhala yofiira. Kulawa ndi kununkhiza bwino.
Ma mbale pansi pa kapu amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Zili zoyera komanso zosautsa ndi ukalamba.
Nkhumba imakula m'magulu mu conifers. Zovuta kwambiri pafupi ndi zinyama. Zipatso kuyambira August mpaka September.
Pophika, bowa wamapiri amaphika okazinga, owiritsa, mchere, zophika, komanso zouma. 
Mukudziwa? Lero, bowa wamdima wopezeka mu 2000 akuwoneka kuti ndi bowa lalikulu padziko lapansi. Malo a mycelium ndi mahekitala 880 a paki ku Oregon (USA). Wolemba mbiriyo amalembedwa mu Guinness Book of Records monga zamoyo zazikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Pomalizira, tikuwona kuti nthawi yophukira nthawi zambiri imakhala ngati nyengo ya bowa, motero kusankha ma bowa nthawi yayitali kwambiri. Kutalika kwa bowa wa bowa kawirikawiri kumagwa pa mwezi woyamba wokha. Panthawiyi, bowa la chilimwe limachoka ndi boletus, bowa, mkaka, chanterelles ndi mitundu ina. Kuyambira mwezi wa October, fruiting ikuchepa, komabe bowa woyera, bowa aspen, russula, boletus, ndi mosswort amapezeka. Mabokosi a bowa opangidwa m'mwezi uno amasungidwa nthawi yaitali kuposa chilimwe. Mu November, bwerani oyamwitsa, honey agaric, ryadovki. Mwachidule, nthawi yonse ya kugwa, okonda "kusaka mwakachetechete" amatha kusangalala kukolola bowa.
