Hortensia ndi chomera cha shrub cha mtundu wa Hydrangievyh (Hydrangeaceae). Zimakhala zosangalatsa kwa alimi a maluwa chifukwa chokongola kwambiri chikuphulika ndi zazikulu za inflorescences za mitundu yosiyanasiyana: yoyera, buluu, pinki, buluu. Maiko a hydrangeas - China ndi Southeast Asia. Chomeracho chinayambika pachikhalidwe kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18.
Mukudziwa? Dzinalo la mtunduwu limachokera ku mawu atatu: hydor - madzi, kukhumba mtima, hortis - munda, kutanthauza "wistful for water". Buku lina limatanthawuza kuti dzina la magwero la Hydrangeaceae ndilo hydor - madzi ndi aggeion - chotengera. Zirizonse zomwe zinali, ndipo dzina limasonyeza mbali yaikulu ya zomera - hydrangea ndi wokonda kwambiri chinyezi.
Poyamba, hydrangea ankaonedwa kuti ndi yopanda phokoso komanso yopanda nzeru, koma chifukwa cha kuyesera kwa obereketsa, mitundu ina ya zomera idapangidwa kuti ngakhale mlimi wamaluwa angathe kukula popanda vuto lililonse.
Mmodzi wa iwo ndi Hydrangea paniculata (Hydrangea paniculata), yomwe imakhala yokongola kwambiri chifukwa chakuti imatha kupirira kutentha ndi kutentha kwa nthawi yaitali. Phindu lina la hydrangea paniculata ndi mitundu yake yabwino, tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Paniculate hydrangea imadziwika ndi yotupa komanso yotalika yotchedwa inflorescences-panicles - mpaka 30 cm mu msinkhu. Chitsamba chomwecho chimatha kukula kuchokera mamita 1 mpaka 10 mu msinkhu. Pamene ukufalikira maluwa ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira kapena wofiirira, pafupi ndi maluwa, amatembenuka pinki, pamapeto pake maluwa akutembenukira wofiira. Nthawi ya maluwa - kuyambira June mpaka October. Chimake choyamba chimapezeka zaka zinayi kapena zisanu mutabzala.
Mitunduyi imakonda kukula m'madera otseguka, mu penumbra imabweretsa zochepa za inflorescences ndikuyamba pang'onopang'ono. Sichikonda dothi la mchenga. Pa ntchito yosamalira mbewu, kusamba nthawi zonse ndi kudulira nthawi yake ndizofunikira. Hyrrangea iyi sichikukhudzidwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Ndikofunikira! Ndibwino kuti musayambe hydrangea pafupi ndi mitengo ya zipatso, kuyambira nthawi imeneyo adzalumikizana ndi nkhondo ya madzi.
Chisamaliro cha obereketsa amakopeka zitsamba kumapeto kwa zaka za makumi awiri. Kuchokera apo, mitundu yoposa 25 ya hydrangea paniculate yakhala ikugwedezeka, kufotokoza kwa mitundu yochititsa chidwi kwambiri ikufotokozedwa pansipa.
Grandiflora
Grandiflora (Grandiflora) adatengera imodzi mwa yoyamba. Amasiyana mochedwa kumayambiriro kwa maluwa poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina - amapanga maluwa mu July. Mapeto a maluwa mu September. Zosangalatsa za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mtundu wa inflorescences. Pamene shrub imayamba kuphuka, maluwawo ndi oyera kwambiri, amakhala oyera poyerekeza ndi maluwa, kenako amakhala ofiira, ndipo pakapita nthawi amawoneka ofiira.
Mukudziwa? Mwa kupanga njira zina, n'zotheka kupeza maluwa a mitundu ina kuchokera ku hydrangea. Choncho, mukamwetsa maluwa musanayambe maluwa ndi mankhwala a aluminium kapena ammonia alum, oyera sepals a zomera adzasanduka buluu, ndi pinki - zowirira. Kuyamba chitsulo m'nthaka kumapanga mtundu wabuluu. Ndiponso, kupeza mtundu wa buluu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira mkuwa sulphate.
Zitsamba zazikulu zimakula zazikulu - mpaka mamita 2, ndi korona yokongola. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhalanso ndi masamba okongola, ndi mdima wobiriwira, wonyezimira. Chomera chimakonda kukula dzuwa, koma zimatha kulekerera penumbra. Paniculata hydrangeas Grandiflora zosiyanasiyana kugonjetsedwa ndi chisanu, achinyamata zomera m'nyengo yozizira kuphimba.
Mu kukongoletsa chikhalidwe, izi zosiyanasiyana bwino ntchito muyezo mawonekedwe. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kukakamiza. Ngati zouma inflorescences, zimakhala zokongoletsera zokongoletsa maluwa.
Kyushu
Mitundu ya Kyushu (Kyushu) ingakhale yosiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu ina ndi masamba ake obiriwira obiriwira omwe ali ndi petioles yofiira. Ikuwonekera ndi maluwa onunkhira. Imamera pakatikati pa mwezi wa July. Maluwa amitundu yoyera. Maluwa amatha mu September. Shrub imakula mpaka mamita atatu m'litali ndi m'mimba mwake. Amakonda kuwala, koma amatha kulekerera mthunzi wa tsankho.
Mu chikhalidwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu misborders, minda ya ku Japan, magulu odyera pamodzi ndi okha.
Mukudziwa? Zina zosiyanasiyana zimachokera ku chilumba cha Kyushu cha Japan. Kumeneku anapezeka m'tchire mu 1926, kenaka adatumizidwa ku Ulaya.
Matilda
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana Matilda (Mathilda) imadziwika kuti ndi yotsika kwambiri (25 cm) ndi chitsamba chachikulu - mpaka mamita 1.8-2. Pa nthawi ya maluwa kuyambira July mpaka September, amasintha maluwa maulendo anayi - kuchoka mwayera woyera mpaka woyera. Kupulumuka pa kutentha.
Tardyva
Pambuyo pake, kuposa mitundu ina yonse, Tardiva imamasula. Maluwa amayamba mu theka lachiwiri la August, ndipo amatha ndi kuyamba kwa chisanu. Mapulosi ake ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi a pyramidal. Maluwawo ndi oyera oyera, potsirizira pake amatembenukira pinki.
Pofuna kutaya zokongoletsera, Tardiva tchire ndi bwino kubzalidwa poyera dzuwa. M'nyengo yozizira, zomera zazing'ono zimafuna malo ogona. Chitsamba chimakula, zimakhala zovuta kuzizira.
Ndikofunikira! Hydrangeas amasangalala ndi maluwa ambiri mu nthaka yosankhidwa bwino. Amasankha dothi losasuka, lonyowa dothi lolemera mu humus. Zingamere pa dothi lowawa, dongo ndi peat. Sakonda nthaka ya mchenga ndi yowonongeka.
Zitsamba za Tardiva zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazomera zosakanikirana ndi zamoyo zosasakaniza. Inflorescences youma amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu bouquets.
Limelight
Madera a Limelight (Limelight) amafikira kutalika kwa mamita limodzi ndi hafu. Mitundu yotchedwa inflorescences ya mitundu iyi imatchedwa mandimu kapena masamba obiriwira. Kumapeto kwa maluwa kukhala pinki. M'minda yam'mbuyo, ma hydrangeas amawoneka okongola okha ndi magulu omangira. Pamodzi ndi zomera zina za shrub amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mixborders. Inflorescences ndi oyenera m'nyengo zamaluwa.
Pinky Winky
Pinky Winky ndi yamtengo wapatali kwambiri, yomwe imatha kupirira zazikulu, zozizira kwambiri 15-20 cm mu msinkhu popanda kuthandizira. Maluwa a hydrangea ndi osangalatsa kwambiri. Mofanana ndi ma hydrangea onse, Pinky Winky amasintha mtundu wa inflorescences malinga ndi maluwa - mu July iwo ali oyera ndipo mu September - mdima wakuda. Popeza kuti izi zimachitika molakwika, ma inflorescences nthawi imodzi akhoza kukhala osiyana mosiyana: mwachitsanzo, akhoza kukhala pinki kuchokera pansi, kuwala kofiira pakati, ndi zoyera pamalangizo. Ndipo pa chitsambacho akhoza kukhala woyera woyera inflorescences, ndi mdima wandiweyani wakuda.
Shrub imakula mpaka mamita 2 m'litali ndi m'lifupi. Korona wake ndi kuzungulira. Imafuna kukula m'madera otseguka, koma osati dzuwa. Nthaŵi zambiri hydrangea imabzalidwa pafupi ndi khomo la nyumba kapena bwalo, pafupi ndi gazebos, mabenchi, ngati khoma. Zokwanira zonse zokwera m'modzi ndi gulu.
Mphuno ya vanilla
Mtundu wina wotchuka wa hydrangea paniculata ndi Vanilla Fraise zosiyanasiyana. Zitsambazi zimafika kutalika kwa mamita awiri ndipo m'lifupi mwake mamita 1.5 Pa chiyambi cha maluwa, piramidi inflorescences imakhala yoyera mu mtundu, koma imasintha mthunzi ndi kukhala wofiira kwambiri. Mitunduyi ndi yosavuta komanso yosavunda.
Mukudziwa? Hydrangea paniculata imadziwika kuti ndi bwino kutsutsa mpweya woipa. Choncho, akhoza kubzalidwa m'mabedi a mzinda, pamodzi ndi magalimoto otanganidwa.
Mabomba
Mu hydrangea paniculata amachokera ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Izi zikuphatikizapo, mwachitsanzo, Belgium (Bombshell) ya Belgian (Mabomberhell) - imakula 70-80 masentimita. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, maluwawo amamasula kwambiri. The inflorescences ya hydrangea ndi kuzungulira, pang'ono elongated, 13 masentimita pamwamba. Sinthani mtundu wofiira wofiira kupita ku pinki. Pakuyenda maluwa ndipo ngati inflorescences akulemera kwambiri, nthambi zimagwa pansi, motero zimapanga korona wolimba. Nthawi ya maluwa yayitali kwambiri - kuyambira June mpaka m'mawa.
Zomera za zosiyanasiyanazi zingabzalidwe mthunzi wa tsankho. Oyenera kulima mu chidebe.
Mukudziwa? Hortensia amatanthauza zitsamba zamatali-zotsamba. Mabukuwa ali ndi zokhudzana ndi zomera za zaka 60.
Presox
Zowonjezeredwa ndi achibadwidwe a ku Japan zosiyanasiyana Presoks (Rgaesoh) zimasiyana mu oyambirira maluwa - inflorescences kuonekera mu June. Ndili ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'onoting'ono, tizilombo tomwe timakhala ndi cloves kumapeto.
Floribunda
Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri pakati pa Aurope, Floribunda imamasula ndi zazikulu kwambiri zoyera-kirimu conical inflorescences pa yaitali pedicels. Posiyana ndi mdima wa masamba, maluwa amawoneka okongola kwambiri. Chitsamba chimakula mpaka mamita awiri. Chimamera kuyambira July mpaka September. Amakondanso malo otetezedwa bwino, otetezedwa kuchokera kuzithunzi.
Zomera zazikulu zimadziwika ndi mkulu wa chisanu kukana. Tchire tating'ono tifunikira pogona. Floribunda pa udzu ndi wokongola kwambiri kuphatikizapo coniferous mbewu kapena zina zokongola zitsamba.
Great Star
Mwinamwake, simungasokoneze hydrangea ya French Great Great Star ndi zina zilizonse. Ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera a inflorescences, omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu iwiri ya maluwa: wosabala - woyera woyera (mpaka 10 cm) ali ndi mapiritsi ophimbidwa, ofanana ndi otulutsa nyenyezi kapena nyenyezi, ndipo ali achonde - aang'ono, osadabwitsa. Pali maluwa pafupifupi 17 opanda zipatso mu inflorescence, zomera zokwana 200.
Zitsamba zazikulu zimakula kufika mamita 2 m'lifupi ndi m'lifupi. Khalani ndi korona yaikulu yofalitsa. Zomera za zosiyanasiyanazi ndizofunikira, koma zimakhala ndi mthunzi wowala. Mofanana ndi hydrangeas ambiri, Great Star ndi wodzichepetsa, safuna garter. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina osakwatira ndi a gulu.
Ndalama ya siliva
Mitengo yaitali ndi yobiriwira imapanga Silver Dollar zosiyanasiyana. M'litali ndi m'lifupi, amatha kufika mamita 2.5. Korona wooneka bwino ali ndi zofewa, zozungulira. Shrub ikuphuka kuyambira July mpaka September, zazikulu zobiriwira zobiriwira zofanana ndi mapiramidi. Patangopita nthawi pang'ono, maluwawo amakhala osalimba, ndipo m'dzinja amasintha mthunzi wa lilac-pinki.
Mmerawo ndi wokongoletsera monga dzuwa (osati mwazidzidzidzi), komanso mumthunzi wowala. Amasunga nyengo yozizira mpaka -29 ° С. Zomera zazaka ziwiri zoyambirira kuti zizikhala m'nyengo yozizira ziyenera kutetezedwa mwakuya.
Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu soliternyh ndi magulu a magulu. Mahatchi okongola a siliva amachokera ku Silver Dollar hydrangea, amakongoletsa madera m'mphepete mwa msewu wa m'munda komanso njira zamapaki. Zimayenda bwino ndi zosatha za mabanja ena.
Phantom
Kusiyanasiyana kwa fantomu (Fantom) kumaonekera pakati pa anthuwa mwa mawonekedwe a inflorescences aakulu kwambiri omwe ali ndi khungu komanso mawonekedwe okongola a chitsamba. Kutalika ndi kupitirira kwa shrub kuli mkati mwa mamita awiri. Mwachizolowezi, kwa hydrangeas, maluŵa amasintha mtundu kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka kumapeto kwa maluwa - m'chilimwe iwo ali okoma, m'dzinja - pinki. Mphungu imaphulika mu July.
Zima-zolimba zosiyana, zoyenera kubzala m'madera a mdima. Mu malo okongoletsera, amafesedwa monga soliter ndi mmera m'magulu, kuphatikizapo mbewu zina zosatha. Panicle hydrangea imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama pakuzazetsa kuyesera ndipo lero, posachedwa, mitundu yatsopano yakhazikitsidwa. Ena mwa iwo ndi Ammarin, Big Ben, Bobo, Brussels Lace, Dolly, Early Preensation, Mega Mindy, Shikoku Flash, Mustila ndi ena.
Hydrangea paniculata - chomera chokongola kwambiri ndipo ndi chifukwa chabwino kwambiri pakati pa florists ndi obereketsa maiko osiyanasiyana. Ndipo ziribe kanthu momwe timayesera kufotokoza zokongoletsera za zomerazi ndi mawu, mukhoza kungoyang'ana zithunzi ndi maluwa ambirimbiri, mukondane maluwa ndipo mukufuna kukongoletsa ndi munda kapena khonde.
