Kupanga mbewu

Kukhazikika (sombrero): kubwera ndi kusamalira

Mitsuko ya maluwa ndi maluwa a maluwa ku dacha, mwiniwake amaganiza za zomwe angabzala m'madera awa. Choyambirira, choyamba, chimaperekedwa kwa maluwa osadzichepetsa, osadziƔika bwino ndi nyengo komanso pochoka. Imodzi mwa zomera izi ndi ratibida (chipewa cha Mexico), ndipo tidzakambirana za kulima kwake m'nkhaniyi.

Malongosoledwe a zomera

Werenganinso colonic - woimira banja la Compositae Mbewu ya herbaceous imapangidwa ndi chitsamba chaching'ono, mpaka mamita 0.6 mamita. Mphukira zazing'ono zimakhala zobiriwira ndipo zimakhala zosalala, zimakhala zikukula pamene zimakula. Chomeracho chili ndi mizu yolimba ya mtundu waukulu ndi njira zingapo. Masamba amakhalanso a pubescent, imvi-wobiriwira, atabzalidwa mosiyana, yopapatiza, opitirira 15 masentimita. Kuphulika kwa mvula kumapeto kwa June, kawirikawiri kumamasula kwa miyezi iwiri, pansi pa zinthu zabwino zomwe zimatha kuphuka kudzera mu October. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chomeracho sichitha pachimake msanga, koma chaka chachiwiri mutatha kufesa. Magetsi akuluakulu mpaka masentimita asanu ndi awiri okhala ndi mutu wachilendo. Zili ndi mawonekedwe a cone, akukwera pamwamba pamtambo, ataphimbidwa ndi kakang'ono, chobiriwira choyamba, komanso pamene imakula maluwa achikasu omwe amauluka pozungulira mbewuzo.

Banja Asteraceae Mwina mulinso zomera monga: Osteospermum, doronicum, Rudbeckia, Daisy, venidium, helenium, gelihrizum, endive, brahikomu, ageratum, tsiniyu, chamomile, Echinops Sphaerocephalus, Arctium tomentosum, Ligularia przewalskii, mkaka nthula, atitchoku ndi H. arenarium .
Nkhumba zimatha kujambula pazithunzi zosiyanasiyana zofiira: mdima wandiweyani, burgundy, wofiirira; Zingakhale mtundu wa chokoleti, pamphepete mwa phungu pali kuwala kofiira. Mbewu zipsa mu October. Umoyo wa ratibida mu chilengedwe umaperekedwa pozifesa, kugwa pansi, mbewu zimakhazikitsidwa m'nthaka ndikupatsa ana abwino.

Kufalikira

Dziko lakwawo la ku Mexico ndi North America, malo omwe akugawirako amachokera ku madera akummwera a Mexico kudera lakumadzulo kwa USA kupita kumpoto kwa Canada. Kusamalitsa ku zikhalidwe zomwe zimakula za ratibida zimapezeka m'mapiri ndi m'mapiri, m'mapiri a m'chipululu. Pafupi ndi munthu, duwa lingathe kukhazikika pafupi ndi misewu yamkuntho, pamtunda wokhotakhota, mumadzulo, kumalo osungirako nyumba.

Mukudziwa? Samuel Rafinesq, yemwe amakhulupirira zachilengedwe, adapeza kuti sizingatheke kuti aphunzire za zomera ndi zinyama za dzikoli, komanso kuti aphunzire za chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa anthu a ku North America. Ntchito yakeyi inalimbikitsira kuphunzira za kulembedwa kwa Amwenye a Mayan.

Kugwiritsa ntchito m'munda ndi kumangidwe kwa malo

Mapulogalamu a Sombrero pamapangidwe a malo si ochepa:

  • mabedi a maluwa;
  • rabatki;
  • Kuwongolera njira za m'munda;
  • chosokoneza;
  • udzu;
  • mu zotengera;
  • m'minda yophimba miyala.
Ndi maluwa ake owala kwambiri, ndipo asanakhalepo masamba obiriwira a kaliru akhoza kukongoletsa ngodya iliyonse yodabwitsa ya munda. Idzatsitsimutsa udzu wa mbewu zokongoletsera ndi mitundu, imakhala ngati mpanda wokongola wa kutalika kwake, kukongoletsa flowerbed mu gulu kapena kubzala kamodzi. M'munda, kulandira mankhwalawa kumabweretsa phindu lalikulu mwa kukopa tizilombo todwalitsa. Olima a maluwa ngati chipewa cha ku Mexico komanso kwa nthawi yayitali maluwa - mpaka masiku khumi, kuwonjezera apo, amawoneka bwino mumaluwa achizungu. Sombrero akuyenda bwino ndi oyandikana naye:

  • mphunzitsi;
  • Echinacea;
  • yarrow;
  • aster;
  • coriopsis;
  • marigolds.

Kubzala ndi kusamalira kunyumba

Kusamalira chomera cha ntchito sizingapangidwe, mkhalidwe waukulu wa chitukuko chake ndi kuyamba kusankha malo abwino ndikukonzekera malo.

Kusankha malo okhala

Chipewa cha ku Mexico chimafuna kuwala kwa dzuwa pafupifupi theka la tsiku, chimapirira mthunzi pang'ono. Mphamvu ya ratibida ndi zodabwitsa: Kusagonjetsa chilala, kusagwedeza kwa chisanu (kuphatikizapo kubwerera kwa chisanu), osati mantha kutentha, kumapulumuka ngakhale pamene madzi osefukira ndi madzi otungunuka, nyengo zopanda pogona. Chiwembucho chimatseguka, dzuwa, ndi madzi akuya.

Werengani za mitundu yosavuta ngati iyi: sundew, hauttuynia, passionflower, nepenthes, hoya, vallota, camellia ndi amorphophallus.

Nthaka ndi feteleza

Kwa zomera zoyenera loamy kapena nthaka ya mchenga, kuwala, kukhumba, kowonjezera. Ngati malo olemera dothi lapansi, ilo likonzekera kugwa: iwo amakumba, flavoring dolomite ufa ndi mchenga. Mdimawu sumaopa nthaka ya salinization, koma chosafunika ndi acid 6.6-7.8 pH.

Ndikofunikira! Ndi feteleza, ndibwino kuti musapitirize kutero, mwinamwake chomeracho chidzaponyera mphamvu zake zonse kuti zikhale zobiriwira m'malo mwa maluwa.
Zokwanira kudyetsa nthawi ya kukula komanso kachiwiri nthawi ya mpangidwe.

Kuthirira ndi chinyezi

Chipewa cha ku Mexique sichisowa kuthirira, chimakhala ndi mvula yokwanira. Milandu yapadera, chilala chachikulu chiyenera kuthiriridwa. Mpweya wosakaniza umakonda chinyezi chochulukirapo ngakhale muzu, kapena mumtundu waukulu. Muyenera kuthirira pazu, kenako mutulutse nthaka.

Echinacea - ndiwothandiza motani komanso momwe angakulire mu bedi la maluwa.

Kuswana

Mitunduyi imayambira m'njira zitatu:

  • mbewu;
  • timadula;
  • Kusiyana kwa chitsamba.

Mbeu za seeding

Kufesa pa mbande zopangidwa kumayambiriro kwa February. Mbeu zoyamba pafupifupi mwezi umodzi zimakhala ozizira (pakhomo la firiji). Popeza ratibida sakonda kuika, ndibwino kufesa mwamsanga makapu. Nthaka imayambitsidwa musanafese, mbewu zimayikidwa pawindo lakuwala sill, pansi pa filimuyi. Akuwombera mphepo m'masiku 14.

Kufesa mbewu poyera

Kumadera akum'mwera, mbewu zimabzalidwa poyera mu March, kumpoto - mu khumi zoyambirira za April. Zimalangizidwa kukumba chiwembucho, malo olemera mpaka 2 masentimita akuya komanso pamtunda wa masentimita 30 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake. Fukani mbewu ndi nthaka, ngati kumera mbewu zochepa zimachotsedwa, kupukuta kubzala.

Cuttings

Powonongeka, kusonkhanitsa ma sebreros sikumagwira ntchito, ndi kosavuta kufalitsa mbewu. Mwa njira iyi, cuttings amachotsedwa ku chomera chazaka ziwiri, kudula nsonga mpaka masentimita 7 kutalika. Ikani pansi mofulumira kupita kumalo osatha, kubisala kwa kanthawi rooting yamtundu wowonjezera kutentha.

Kugawa chitsamba

Kugawidwa kwa chitsamba kumapangidwa ndi olima amaluwa odziwa bwino maluwa kuti athe kukonzanso chitsamba, popeza kuti maziko a ratibida ndi ofooka kwambiri, ndipo sangathe kukhazikika pambuyo pagawidwe. Panthawiyi, amayesa kulekanitsa ziwalo za mbewuzo molondola momwe angathere kuti asunge njira zoyambira.

Ndikofunikira! Pokumba chitsamba kuti apatukane, nthaka siigwedezeke pa nthaka, motero imapangitsa mwayi wopulumuka mtengo.

Kusonkhanitsa Mbewu

Kusonkhanitsa mbewu kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa October, muyenera kuyang'ana mtundu wa mabokosi: mabokosi okongola, ofiirira, owuma mpaka kukhudza. Mabokosiwa ndi odulidwa bwino, osweka lotseguka pa pepala kapena chidutswa cha nsalu. Zotsatira zake zimachotsedwa kuzinyalala, zosungidwa mu mapepala amapepala m'malo ouma, amdima.

Tizilombo, matenda ndi kupewa

Sungani kuchokera ku zomera zomwe sizikhudzidwa ndi tizirombo kapena matenda alionse. Ngati kusasamala, kutanthauza kuti, kupweteka, kungadwale ndi powdery mildew khalidwe la maluwa a asphalt, ndipo atenge kachilombo ka aphid.

Kulima mthethe, vatochnik, muraiu, ndi hamedoreu kuchokera ku mbewu.

Pofuna kupewa izi, chitani izi:

  1. Musanadzalemo, mosamala kuyeretsa dera lanu kuchokera ku zotsalira za zomera.
  2. Madzi pokhapokha ngati mukufunikira.
  3. Pamene feteleza zimagwirizana ndi mavitamini ochepa a nayitrogeni.
  4. Pakati pa nyengo, amadyetsedwa ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous, zomwe zimawonjezera kukana.
  5. Kuteteza nthaka mulch peat.
  6. Chitani mankhwala a Bordeaux madzi amodzi peresenti.
Mukudziwa? Amwenye a ku North America amagwiritsa ntchito tiyi ya ratibida pofuna mankhwala. Chakumwacho chinathandiza kuthetsa ululu m'mimba, kumutu, malungo ndi malungo.
Sitikukayikira kuti mitengoyo idzakongoletsera munda wonse wa chilimwe, chifukwa masamba onse ndi inflorescence ali okongoletsa mmenemo. Sizongoganizira, imakhala ndi maluwa autali ndipo imakhala yabwino maluwa.

Video: maluwa ratibida sombrero

Mayankho ochokera ku intaneti

Kukhazikika kumakhala kodzichepetsa ndipo sikukusowa chisamaliro chapadera, kumachita bwino popanda kuvala. Ndi feteleza owonjezera, n'zotheka kudyetsa msipu ndi kuchepetsa maluwa. Amalandira zinthu zonse zofunika kuchokera pansi pa nthaka chifukwa cha rhizome yopangidwa bwino. Chomeracho chikula mofulumira, mapesi ouma amasiya kutchuka kwawo patatha zaka 4-5. Pofuna kubwezeretsa tchire, gwiritsani ntchito mbande zatsopano, kapenanso kawirikawiri kugawa ndi kuziika. Zokwanira zimagwirizana bwino ndi zomera zina. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu rabatka, mabedi akuluakulu a maluwa, mipanda ndi kukongoletsa nyumba zosasangalatsa. Nthawi ya maluwa imakopa tizilombo. Maluwa pazitali zimayambira ali oyenera maluwa ndi kuyanika.
sakura
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Chipewa kapena chipewa cha Mexico. Dzina lachibwana: Ratibida columnifera. Mayina ena: chipewa cha Mexico. Mafanowo: Lepachus columnifera, Rudbeckia columnifera. Mtundu wa inflorescence: wachikasu, wofiira, burgundy. Nthawi yophuka: kuyambira pachiyambi cha chilimwe mpaka autumn. Dzuwa: dzuwa lonse. Nthaka: kuwala, kouma bwino. M'madera akumidzi amamera m'nthaka yokhala ndi miyala yamchere, koma amasinthasintha bwino ku dothi lina. Kukaniza kwa nyengo: zomera zimagonjetsedwa ndi chilala ndi kusagwedeza kwa chisanu. Kutalika: 80-120 masentimita. Mbali yosiyanitsa ya chomera ndi mthunzi wakuda wa mutu, womwe umatuluka pamwamba pamatsetsere otsika mpaka 3 cm kutalika. Mitundu ina ndi yofanana kwambiri ndi orebeckia ndi echinacea, koma yokha ndiyo yochuluka komanso yowonjezera. Minda yam'munda imakula makamaka ku ratibidae. Akufalikira kwambiri ndi mapesi amphamvu. Chitsamba chimodzi chingabweretse maluwa ambirimbiri omwe amakhala pachimake kwa nthawi yaitali. Masambawo ndi a buluu, a pubescent. Maluwa amapitirira kuyambira kumapeto kwa July, koma ngati amamwetsa nthawi zonse, amapitirira mu August ndi September. Maluwa ndi okonzeka kudula ndipo amatha kuima mu vase kwa pafupifupi sabata.
Tanju
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