Lero pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata pafupifupi zikwi zisanu, ndipo chaka chilichonse chiwerengero chawo chikukula. Chidwi chachikulu pakati pa wamaluwa amachititsa mbatata zoyambirira. Alimi ena ali ndi nthawi ya nyengo imodzi yosonkhanitsa kuchokera ku mabedi kwa mbewu ziwiri za masambawa chifukwa cha mitundu yakucha yoyamba kucha. Pamwamba pa izo, mbatata zoyamba zimakhala ndi nthawi yoti zipse ndipo zimakololedwa asanakhudzidwe ndi vutoli. Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane wa ultrasound early, oyambirira ndi pakati oyambirira mbatata mitundu pamsika.
Ultra oyambirira
Izi ndi mitundu yapamwamba yomwe imakubala m'masiku 45-55 mutatha kumera.
"Ariel"
Nthawi yokula ndi masiku 65-70, koma amayamba kukumba mizu kale. Zokolola zosiyanasiyana pa hekta kuchokera 220 mpaka 490 centeres (malingana ndi nthawi yokolola). 10 mpaka 15 zimagwedeza kukula pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse. Ambiri a mizu ya mbewu ndi pafupifupi 80-170 g. 
Ali ndi starch pafupifupi 12,6-16.3%. Mbatata iyi ili ndi kukoma kokoma ndi thupi lopweteka lomwe silingathenso mukamazizira ndi kuphika. Oyenera kuphika aliyense mbale kuchokera ku masamba. Bhonasi ya zovuta zoyambirira zosiyana siyana ndi khalidwe la kusunga bwino (94%) ndi kukana matenda ambiri (nkhanambo, golide nematode, mwendo wakuda, kuvunda ndi khansara).
Mukudziwa? Mbatata imabwera kuchokera ku South America. Kuweta kwawo kunachitika zaka 7-9-9 zikwi zapitazo ndi Amwenye mu gawo la masiku ano la Bolivia. Amwenye akale sanangotenga chakudya, koma ankapembedza ngati mulungu.
"Impala"
Analandira ndi obereketsa achi Dutch, akulimbikitsidwa ku madera akummwera ndi pakati pa zigawo za Russian Federation. Mukhoza kukumba masiku 45 kuyambira nthawi ya mphukira, ndipo kukula kokwanira kumakhala masiku 60-70. Kulima kuli kokwera kwambiri - okwana 370-600 amasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku hekita limodzi. Gulu lirilonse limapanga palokha kuchokera pamagazi 16 mpaka 21, kulemera kwake komwe kuli pafupifupi 120-160 g.
Onani mitundu yabwino ya mbatata.
Khungu lamatenda ndi khungu loyera khungu limakhala ndi mawonekedwe, thupi ndi chikasu komanso kukoma kwake, osati mdima wambiri wotentha ndi wodula. Nkhumba zokhudzana ndi tubers ndi pafupifupi 14.6%. Ndibwino kuti mtundu uliwonse wa mankhwala amatha kutentha - kuphika, kutentha, stewing, kunyowa. 
Mbatata "Impala" imalekerera chilala bwino ndipo samaikonda kwambiri. Kulimbana ndi golide ya mbatata nematode ndi khansara ya mbatata, sizomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mavairasi komanso nkhanambo, koma sizitsutsana ndi powdery nkhanambo ndi rhizoctoniosis, kuchepa kochedwa. Ikhoza kukolola m'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa imakhala ndi mphamvu yokwanira 90%.
"Timo"
Dzina lonse la izi ndi Chisinkhu kusankha "Timo Hankkiyan". Zili m'mipoto ya kumpoto, kumpoto ndi kumadzulo, koma zikhoza kukula m'madera osiyanasiyana. Zokolola zimapsa masiku 50-65, koma mbatata zatsopano zikhoza kukumba tsiku la 40. Kukonzekera kumapangitsa 150-380 magulu okwana mahekitala. Nyerere ya mbatata ndi ya 60 mpaka 120 g (zimadalira nthawi yokolola).
Werengani za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata monga "Blue", "Queen Queen", "Rosara", "Gala", "Irbitsky", "Lorch", "Picasso", "Kiwi", "Bellarosa", "Adretta".
Amapanga mitsempha yambiri ya chikasu kapena ya beige ndi minofu yonyezimira mkati, okhala ndi kukoma kokoma, osati mdima pamene akuphika. Oyenera mankhwala osiyanasiyana (kutentha, otentha, etc.). Mtedza wowonjezera wa mbatata uwu ndi 13-14%. 
Modzichepetsa, ndi kulekerera chilala, ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, akhoza kukula pa dothi losiyana, koma limadziwonetsera bwino kwambiri pa mchenga. Ali ndi khalidwe labwino la kusunga (96%), kukana kuwonongeka, koma mizu imayamba kumera msanga. Matenda osakwanira monga nkhanambo, rhizoctoniosis, kansa ya mbatata, mwendo wakuda. Osakhazikika phytophthora ndi golide nematode.
"Mtsinje"
Zowonjezeredwa ndi Dutch, zikhoza kukumbidwa kale kwa masiku makumi asanu ndi limodzi (45) kuchokera pakuphuka kwa mphukira, ngakhale zikumera masiku makumi asanu ndi atatu. Analangizidwa m'madera akumidzi a Russian Federation, ngakhale kuti akhoza kukula m'madera ena. Kukonzekera kuchokera pa 136 mpaka 366 olemera pa hekita (malingana ndi nthawi ya kukumba). Kulemera kwa mbatata zomwe zafika pokhwima bwino ndi 100-180 g. Zomwe zimapanga ma thomba ovalitsa a mtundu wa beige ndi mtundu wa kirimu. 
Amakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino, akhoza kuphika komanso yokazinga. Chokoma kwambiri mwa mawonekedwe a achinyamata mbatata. Ali ndi starch kuyambira 11 mpaka 16%. Amadziwika ndi kukana kusokoneza makina ndi chilala. Matenda a mbatata, amangowonongeka ndi nkhanambo yowonongeka komanso yopweteka, mopepuka kugonjetsedwa ndi mwendo wakuda. Okwanira - 94%.
"Uladar"
Analandiridwa ndi obereketsa a Belarus, omwe amapezeka m'madera a Central ndi North-Western a Russian Federation, ali ndi ndemanga zabwino kuchokera ku Ukraine ndi Moldova. Mbatata zatsopano zimakumbidwa kwa masiku makumi asanu ndi awiri (50) kuchokera pakuwonekera, ndikufikira kukula mokwanira masiku 70-75. Zokolola pa hekitala mu chikhalidwe chokhwima zingathe kusonkhanitsidwa kuyambira 130 mpaka 350 okalamba. Zokolola zolembera zosiyanasiyanazi ndi 716 magulu / hekitala. Kulemera kwa luso lokhwima la tuber ndi 90-140 g. Lili ndi mbatata ya chikasu ndi minofu yonyezimira yomwe imakhala yosasintha panthawi ya kukonza. 
Zimakhala zokoma, zabwino zokometsera, koma siziphika bwino. Mtedza ndi chiwerengero cha 11.5 mpaka 17.8%. Zimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri a mbatata, koma zimakhudzidwa ndi rhizoctoniosis, mopepuka kugonjetsedwa ndi tsamba lopiringa, alternariosis, youma fusarium zowola ndi phytophthora. Ikhoza kukolola - mphamvu ndi 94%. Kufunsira pa teknoloji yaulimi: ntchito yomanga feteleza, ulimi wothirira pa chilala, zizindikiro zabwino zopereka - pa dothi laling'ono ndi lochepa.
Kukula msinkhu
Kuyambirira kucha mbatata mitundu anayamba kukumba 60-70 patatha masiku kumera.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti mupeze zokolola zotheka kwambiri, muzisankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana m'deralo. Ndi bwino kusankha pasadakhale mikhalidwe yabwino ndi yophikira zakusankhidwa zosiyanasiyana, zofunikira za nthaka, nyengo ndi ulimi wamakono. Chofunika kwambiri kugula zokolola m'masitolo apadera ndi mawonetsero.
"Alena"
Zigawidwe za Russian, zowonjezera ku Volga-Vyatka, Ural, Siberia ya Kumadzulo, East Siberian, Far East zigawo za Russian Federation. Chimabala mokwanira masiku 60-70. Zokolola kuchokera ku hekita imodzi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosiyana kuyambira 172 mpaka 292. Mitundu pansi pa chitsamba 6-9 muzu wa mbewu ndi kulemera kwalemera ndi kukhuta kwathunthu 86-167 g. 
Ili ndi mbatata yokhala ndi mazira ofiira ndi khungu loyera (kirimu) la thupi. Kukoma kwabwino, mphodza. Oyenera chifukwa cha msuzi, Frying, chips. Ili ndi wowuma mu 15-17%. Amalekerera nyengo yotentha. Ali ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a mbatata, koma sagonjetsedwa ndi mochedwa choipitsa ndi golide nematode. Ikusungidwa bwino, ndondomeko ya caliber ndi 95%.
"Anosta"
Izi ndi madera a Dutch, okwanira kwa masiku 70-75, ndi zokolola za anthu 240-300 pa hekitala. Analimbikitsa kulima ku Central Central wa Russian Federation, koma akhoza kubzalidwa m'madera ena. Zipatso zolemera kuyambira 71 mpaka 134 g. Zimapanga mbatata ndi zikopa ndi thupi la chikasu. Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga Zomera zabwino zokoma, koma zowonjezera zokometsera ndi zipsera. Nkhumba zowonjezera zili ndi 14-16%. Zimayambitsa matenda, nkhanambo, rhizoctoniosis, mavairasi ndi kuvunda.
"Zhukovsky Oyambirira"
Kukula msinkhu masiku 60-70 ndipo ukhoza kukhala wamkulu bwino m'madera ambiri. Zili ndi zokolola zambiri - 400-450 olemera a mbatata amapezeka pa hekitala. Mbewu yachitsulo yophika imachokera ku 100 mpaka 120 g. Mbatata iyi ili ndi khungu loyera ndi khungu loyera, loyenerera kupuma ndi chips, soups ndi saladi, koma zosavuta kwambiri zophika. Mukhale ndi wowonjezera mkati mwa 10-12%. Ndi mthunzi wolepheretsa mthunzi komanso usana wa chilala umene umayenda bwino mosiyanasiyana. Ali ndi bata zokwanira, ngakhale kuti zingakhudzidwe kwambiri ndi choipitsa. Kukhazikika ndi 92-96%. 
"Isora"
Nthawi yakucha imatha masiku pafupifupi 85. Analimbikitsa kumpoto ndi pakatikati. Mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi imayenda bwino kuchokera ku mahekitala onse ku 240-370. Kulemera kwa masamba imodzi kumakhala pafupifupi 87 g. Zipatso zili ndi mawonekedwe a ovalo ndi nsonga yolemetsa pang'ono. Khungu losalala ndi loyera, thupi lodulidwa ndi loyera, maso ambiri. Chifukwa cha okhuta otsika (11.7-14.1%), thupi silinali mdima panthawi ya kukonza. Kulawa nyumba ndi zabwino.
Phunzirani za kukula kwa mbatata ndi teknolojia ya Dutch, pansi pa udzu ndi m'matumba.
Mbatata "Izora" yosagonjetsedwa. Choncho, pamene akumba, mizu sizimawonongeka ndipo mbewu imakololedwa popanda kuwonongeka. Zimagonjetsedwa ndi khansa komanso mosagonjetsedwa ndi mavairasi. Kukhazikika pa msinkhu wa 92-95% umalola kuti zisungidwe kwa nthawi yaitali. Dothi labwino kwambiri ndi loam, mchenga wotchedwa loam, peatlands.
"Bwino"
Iyo inakhazikitsidwa ku Russia, ikhoza kukula mmadera osiyanasiyana ndi dothi losiyana, koma kulimbikitsidwa ku zigawo za pakati pa Russian Federation. Kuchokera ku mahekitala alionse 400-450 oposa. Imakhala ndi mbatata yooneka ngati mazira ndi nsonga yosamvetseka ndi maso ang'onoang'ono. Iye ali ndi tuber woyera kwambiri ndi khungu loyera ndi thupi loyera. Nthawi yokula imakhala masiku 80-90. Mbewu imodzi imalemera 78-122 g. Ili ndi wowuma pa mlingo wa 11-17%. Zili ndi makhalidwe osangalatsa kwambiri. Mbatata imasiyanitsidwa ndi khalidwe labwino la kusunga (84-97%). Kudzichepetsa kuti mukhale ndi chikhalidwe komanso kukana matenda monga khansara, kuvunda, nkhanambo, mavairasi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zokopa kwambiri.
"Arow"
Nyengo yokula imakhala masiku 60-70. Kukonzekera - kuchokera ku 359 mpaka 600 oposa pa hekita imodzi. Kulemera kwa masamba amodzi ndi pafupifupi 80-120 g. Chitsamba chimodzi chimatha kupanga mbewu 7 mpaka 11. Osati makamaka oonongeka ndi oyenera kukolola m'nyengo yozizira - 94% kusunga mphamvu. Mizu ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Chidatchi yobala imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ophimba oundana ndi thupi lachikasu ndi khungu lobiriwira.
Zidzakhala zosangalatsa kuti mudziwe zambiri za phindu la mbatata.
Kusiyanitsa kukoma kodabwitsa, sikuphika zofewa, sizimdima pamene mukukonzekera ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mbale zambiri. Ali ndi wowuma pa mlingo wa 12-16%. Zosiyanasiyana zimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ena - khansa, nkhanambo, mavairasi.
Kuyambira m'mawa oyambirira
Zokolola za mbatata za sredneranny zimayamba kukumba masiku 75-80 pambuyo pa kumera.
"Amorosa"
Analandira ndi obereketsa achi Dutch ndi kucha mu masiku 65-75. Lili ndi maonekedwe okongola komanso kukoma. Zokolola zili pamwamba kwambiri -290-350 pakati pa mahekitala 1. Chinthu chachikulu: kuyang'anitsitsa kupezeka kwa chinyezi chofunikira. Mafomu ozungulira mbatata ndi khungu lofiira ndipo ali ndi thupi lachikasu, maso pang'ono. Nkhani yowuma ndi 19-20%. Chikhalidwe ichi chikulimbana ndi matenda ambiri. 
"Usiku Woyera"
Chotsani muyeso kuyambira masiku 70 mpaka 80, ndipo nyengo yonse yakukula ili pafupi masiku 108. Ndibwino, zokolola kuchokera ku hekita lirilonse ndi zapamwamba - pafupifupi 100-300 okalamba. Kulemera kwa masamba imodzi kumakhala pafupifupi 120-200 g. Zomanga zimapanga mbatata yosakanikirana ndi minofu yonyezimira ya khungu, maso apakati-akuya ndi mnofu wobiriwira. M'mawonekedwe ake, chipatso chiri ndi pafupifupi 14-17% wowuma. Ili ndi zokoma zabwino kwambiri. Zimagonjetsedwa ndi khansa, koma zimakhudzidwa ndi nkhanambo kapena kuchepa kwachedwa. Ingasungidwe kwa nthawi yaitali.
Mukudziwa? Mwatsopano amafinyidwa madzi kuchokera ku mbatata amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchipatala. Ali ndi zotupa komanso zotsutsa zokha, choncho zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira zilonda zam'mimba kapena zam'mimba, komanso kuchepetsa kukula kwa acidity mu gastritis. Ichi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera kupweteka kwa mtima.
"Visa"
Mitundu yambiri ya ku Russia yotchedwa "Visa" ili ndi nyengo yopanga mbewu pafupifupi masiku 70-80. Aperekedwa kumpoto kwa North, West-West, Volga-Vyatka. Ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi mahekitala omwe akukolola 170-326. Mtengo wapamwamba ndi 466 okalamba / ha. Mizu yozungulira yonse imakhala yosalala ya mtundu wofiirira, thupi ndi lachikasu pang'ono, maso akuya ndi osakaniza. Kulemera kwa masamba imodzi ndi pafupifupi 72-120 g, ndipo kupezeka kwa wowuma ndi pafupi 14-19%. Chikhalidwe chosungirako - 89%. Ili ndi kukoma kwabwino. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yotsutsana ndi matenda ambiri a mbatata. 
"Lilea"
Ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ku Belarusian yoswana, yomwe ili m'madera a kumpoto kwa West-West, Central ndi Volga-Vyatka a Russian Federation. Nyengo yokula ndi masiku 65-70. Zokolola zapamwamba - pafupifupi 400 magulu / ha. Mbewu yaikulu kwambiri, yomwe inalembedwa, inali yaikulu 760 cent / ha. Kuchokera ku chitsamba chilichonse cha mitundu iyi mukhoza kusonkhanitsa 8-12 tubers. Mbatata ili ndi chikasu chakuda, thupi ndi lamtundu. Mbatata misa - 100-200 g.
Kukoma kwabwino, koyenera kufuma ndi saladi, koma siritsani bwino. Zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zisungidwe nthawi yaitali m'nyengo yozizira - kusunga mphamvu kwa 90%. Kulimbana ndi khansa, kuchepa kwachedwa tubers. Kusagwirizana kwapakati pa vuto lochedwa, mimba yakuda, Alternaria, Fusarium. Zingathe kusintha kwambiri nkhanambo wamba. Poyamikira feteleza ndi feteleza mchere, zabwino koposa zonse zimadziwonetsera zokhazokha ndi dothi laling'ono.
"Marfona"
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chibadwidwe cha Dutch ikulimbikitsidwa kulima pakati pa chigawo cha pakati pa Russian Federation, Ukraine ndi Moldova. Zokolola pa hekita ndi pafupifupi 180-378 okalamba. Kulemera kwa masamba amodzi kumakhala pafupifupi 80-110 g, chokhala ndi wowuma ndi pafupifupi 10%. Mitundu yayikulu ya tubers imakhala ndi maonekedwe abwino - ofanana kukula ngati mawonekedwe ofiira ndi khungu loyera la khungu.
Maso ali pamtunda wakuya. Thupi limadulidwa pa kuwala kobiriwira, sichithupsa mofewa ndipo chimakhala ndi zokoma zodabwitsa. Mtundu uwu ndi woyenera kusungira m'nyengo yozizira. Zimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, koma zimakhudzidwa ndi kuchepetsedwa kochedwa, masamba kapena nkhanambo. 
Mukudziwa? Mbatata zambiri padziko lapansi zimakula ku China (matani 95.5 miliyoni malinga ndi ziwerengero za 2014). Kachiwiri ndi India (matani 46.3 miliyoni). Izi zikutsatiridwa ndi Russia (matani 31.5 miliyoni) ndi Ukraine (matani miliyoni 23.7).
Red Scarlett
Zosiyanazi kuchokera ku Holland zimapindulitsa kwambiri - pafupifupi mazana asanu ndi awiri / ha. Nthawi yokula ikudutsa masiku 75. Mzu umodzi umakhala wolemera 80-130 g. Mbatata zowirira zimakhala ndi khungu lofiira, ndipo amadula thupi lachikasu. Pakhungu la khungu ndi lopanda kanthu ndipo liri ndi maso pafupifupi 1 mm kwambiri. Ali ndi starch pafupifupi 13%, nkhani youma - 18.6%. Zimasiyana ndi zokoma zabwino - sizimayamba pamene zikuphika, sizimdima pamtengo.
Zokwanira mankhwala alionse otentha ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Silimbana ndi kuwonongeka ndi kusintha, komanso kubwezeretsanso. Ndikoyenera kukonzekera: mitengo imakhala pafupifupi 98%. Zimagonjetsedwa ndi chilala ndi matenda ambiri, koma nsonga zake zimakhala zovuta kwambiri.
"Romano"
Izi ndi mbewu zosiyanasiyana. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti mbewu siimataya makhalidwe ake ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa zaka zambiri mzere. Nthawi yakucha kucha pafupifupi masiku 70 mpaka 90. Malingana ndi kukula kwa dothi kuchokera ku hekitala iliyonse, n'zotheka kusonkhanitsa kuchokera ku 110 mpaka 320, ndipo zokolola zabwino kwambiri pa nyengo yonse yokula ndi 340 quintals / ha. Kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi mungathe kukumba zipatso 7-9 zazikulu, iliyonse yolemera pafupifupi 95 g. Amapanga mbatata zapamwamba kwambiri za malonda - za kukula kwakukulu komweko ndi khungu lakuda pinki ndi maso apakatikati, mnofu wobiriwira.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kuteteza mbatata kwa nthawi yayitali, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuti imakhala ndi kutentha kwa + 2-3 ° C, ndipo chinyezi chiyenera kukhala 85-93%. Chizindikiro chotsiriza n'chofunika kwambiri - pamene chinyezi chimayamba kuphuka maso, ndipo 70% chinyezi masamba amayamba kutaya.Ali ndi kukoma kwabwino - alibe madzi, ndipo chifukwa cha otsika otsika (14-17%), pafupifupi sikumdima pamene kudula tubers. Kuchokera pamenepo pamakhala mbatata yosungunuka bwino, chips, ikhoza kukazinga, yophika. "Romano" ndi yoyenera kukolola ndi kusungirako nyengo yozizira. Mitundu imeneyi imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri ndipo imatha kumera, ngakhale nthaka isanyowe mokwanira, imalekerera chilala. Zimasonyeza bwino pakati ndi kumwera madera a Russian Federation.
Mitundu yambiri yam'mbuyo imakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino komanso khalidwe labwino, lomwe limakulolani kukolola m'nyengo yozizira. Mbatata zoyambirira zikhoza kukula m'madera akummwera, ndipo kumwera kwa mbeu 2-3 zikhoza kukolola pa nyengo iliyonse. Mitundu yambiri yam'mbuyomo imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a mbatata ndipo imakhala ndi nthawi yakuphulika asanawonongeke ndi tubers ndi phytophthora. Zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti mbatata yoyambirira ikhale yokongola kwambiri kwa wamaluwa ambiri.
