Nkhunda za njala za Hungary: momwe mungasamalire komanso momwe mungadyetsere kunyumba

Nkhunda zazikuluzikulu za ku Hungarian ndizokwanira kokongola kwambiri ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri oyendetsa ndege, chifukwa amalemekeza kwambiri ndi alimi ambiri a nkhuku. Kuphatikiza pa ubwino uwu, mbalame zimakhala zochepa zofunikira zokhudzana ndi ndende, choncho muyenera kuphunzira zambiri za oimira mtundu uwu.

Mbiri yamabambo

"Chi Hungary" ndi lingaliro lachibadwa lomwe limaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri. Kuchokera pamutuyi n'zosavuta kuganiza kuti Hungary ndi dziko la nkhundazi. Nkhunda zazikulu za Budapest Chothandiza kwambiri kuti chitukukocho chikhale chopangidwa ndi abusa a mzinda wa Chepel, omwe ankagwiritsa ntchito njiwa za Budapest zomwe nthawi imeneyo ankadziwika monga mbalame za mbalame. Kwa nthawi yoyamba iwo analankhulidwa mu 1941, ngakhale ntchito yosankhidwa pa kuswana kwa mtundu woterewu wakhala ikuchitika kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za makumi awiri. Chepelsky chipale choyera vysokoletny thurman

Kusiyana kwa kunja

Oimira a mtundu uwu amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe osavuta, opanda nsonga zowonongeka ndi maonekedwe a thupi. Zonsezi ndi zolimba zokopa, ndi "kugwedezeka" thupi ndi magawo amodzi, ndipo sizigwirizana ndi chithunzi chonse, mutu wochepa chabe ndi thumba lalifupi.

Werengani za mitundu yambiri ya nkhunda: Nikolaev, Sverdlovsk.

Kunja kwakukulu kumaphatikizapo zotsatirazi:

1. Mutu - yaying'ono, yosalala, yowoneka bwino, yokhala ndi phokoso la pamphumi ndi pamlomo. Maso - akuda kwambiri (nthawi zina amdima), amawombera, ndi zikopa zochepa zokopa.
2. Khosi - kutalika kwa kutalika, kupepuka ndi kufalikira pamunsi. Kumbuyo kwa mutu ndizopindika.
3. Chifuwa - osasokonezeka, okhudzidwa, oposa kukula kwake, ndi minofu yabwino.
4. Kubwerera - gwiritsani ntchito mapepala, kuchoka pang'ono, m'malo momasuka.
5. Mapiko - zolimba thupi, ndi zishango zazikulu. Ikani mbali zonse ziwiri za mchira.
6. Mchira - Zing'onozing'ono, sizifika pamtunda, zikuphatikizapo 12 mchira nthenga.
7. Paws - wamkati, wochuluka kwambiri komanso wamphamvu, wofiira.
8. Mtundu wambiri - amasiyana kuchokera ku zoyera kupita ku imvi yakuda, ndi mithunzi yonse ya bulauni. Mutu, khosi ndi mapeto a mapiko nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mitundu yosiyana, pamene mbalame zoyera zimakhala ndi mdima. Kuthamanga kwa thunthu sikusiyana ndi motley.

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbalame zina zizikhala "ukwati". Choyamba ndi:

• mphutsi kutalika masentimita 45;
• kukula kofulumira;
• thupi lopanda;
• mutu wawukulu wokhala ndi chivundikiro pamwamba pa mphumi ndi kutha kwa mlomo ndi mphumi mzere;
• mphete zoyera m'maso;
• kupukuta khosi;
• miyendo yaitali ya nthenga.

Inde, nkhunda zoterozo siziloledwanso kuti zizale.

Mukudziwa? M'dziko lamakono muli mitundu yoposa 300 ya njiwa, koma mmodzi mwa osiyana kwambiri ndi oimira nkhunda ndi korona wa buluu wokhala ndi korona woyeretsedwa pamutu pake. Mbalame zazikuluzikulu (pafupifupi kukula kwa Turkey) zimasiyana kwambiri ndi njiwa zambiri zomwe zimapezeka mumsewu ndipo zimapezeka ku New Guinea kuthengo.

Zomwe amangidwa

Monga tanena kale, mbalame za ku Hungary zimakhala mbalame zodzichepetsa. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kukonzekera mwamsanga njiwa ndikupanga chakudya chokwanira. Mfundo zazikulu zomwe muyenera kuziganizira ndizo zotsatirazi:

1. Malo Malo okongola ndi mpweya wokwanira, wochuluka komanso wowala kwambiri wokhala ndi chinyezi. Zojambula zilizonse ziyenera kuthetsedweratu kuti mbalame zisagwire ozizira. Ndege yopita kumsewu ikhoza kukonzedwa kudzera m'mawindo. Pa mbalame ziwiri ziyenera kukhala ½-1 cub. m zipinda. Ngati mukufuna kumanga nyumba yayikulu, ndibwino kuti muzigawa magawo mkati mwa magawo angapo. Mukhozanso kukhazikitsa magawo omwe amachotsedwa kwa kanthaŵi kochepa, kotero kuti mutha kusiyanitsa achinyamata kuchokera kwa makolo awo kapena kukonzekera akazi ndi amuna kwa kanthawi.

2. Mawindo. Dera lawo liyenera kukhala ndi malo okwana 1/10.
3. Kupuma mpweya mu dovecote. Ichi ndi chinthu chovomerezeka pa malo alionse oti asunge nkhunda. Kawirikawiri ndizoperekera ndi kutulutsa mabowo, zomwe zimapanga masentimita 15 kuchokera pansi (amapereka mpweya) ndi pansi pa denga (kutopa). Mphepo zonse zimatsekedwa ndi grille, ndipo nthawi ya kuzizira zimathandizidwa ndi zitseko ndi njira zowonongeka.
4. Kuyenda aviary. Ngati simukufuna kuti mbalame ziwuluke panja, ndiye kuti aviary ndiyofunika. Ndikofunika kuyika mabokosi a masamba ndi kuonetsetsa kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kokwanira kumapangitsa kuti chilengedwe chikhale pafupi kwambiri.
5. Kumanga Mbalame iliyonse mu nyumba ya njiwa iyenera kukhala ndi malo ake opumulira komanso maziko a chisa nthawi yobereka. N'zotheka kumanga nsanja kuchokera pa 2x4 masentimita, kusunga mtunda wa masentimita 40 kuchokera padenga (chinthu chabwino kwa oimira ang'onoang'ono a mtunduwo). Ndibwino kuti tizilumikiza chipinda chodyera ndi masentimita 80x40 masentimita, omwe mabokosi omwe akugwiritsira ntchito amatha kuikidwa poyamba, ndipo kenako zisa zawo (mungagwiritse ntchito zomangamanga ndizitali za masentimita 7).

6. Kupyolera. Zomwe zili ku Hungarian zikuluzikulu nkhunda ziyenera kuikidwa osiyana feeders kwa tirigu, zomera ndi mchere zowonjezera. Mbali ya odyetsa ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 3-4 masentimita, kuti mbalame ifike mosavuta chakudya. Ogwiritsira ntchito pazifukwazi sangagwire ntchito, popeza kulephera kwa magalimoto kuphatikizapo kupezeka kwa chakudya nthawi zonse kungachititse kuti mbalame zisawonongeke.

7. Okumwa. Zitha kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma yabwino kwambiri mbalamezi zimakhala ngati zowonongeka komanso omwa mowa. Musaiwale za matanki payekha mbalame zosambira. Pa ntchitoyi, zombo zokhala ndi khoma la 6-7 masentimita ndi m'lifupi wokwanira nkhunda zidzakwanira bwino.
8. Zolemba Pansi pa nyumba ndizofunika kutseka zinthu zowonjezera chinyezi zomwe zingachepetse chinyezi mu chipinda. M'nyengo yozizira, kuvala koteroko kumateteza miyendo ya nkhunda kuchokera ku hypothermia. Ngati pansi pazitsulo muli matabwa, mungagwiritse ntchito utuchi wamkulu, mchenga wambiri kapena peat wouma ngati pulasitiki. Pakati pa dothi, muyeneranso kuwonjezera pa udzu wofewa ndi zofiira.

Ndikofunikira! Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zazikuluzikulu za nkhunda zazikulu za ku Hungarian ndizosauka zopulumuka ku ma dovecotes a anthu ena. Choncho, posunga mitundu ina, mbalamezi ziyenera kukonza ngodya.

Pigeon nyumba kuyeretsa ndi disinfection

Pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira, m'nyumba, njiwa zimakhala zoyeretsa zowonongeka za pansi, zowonongeka, zisa, chakudya ndi oledzera. Pa nthawi yoyeretsa mbalame zonse zimasamutsidwa ku chipinda china kapena kumasulidwa pamsewu. Kuyeretsa koyerekeza kumaphatikizapo kubwezeretsa dothi, kusamba bwino kwa odyetsa ndi omwa (ndi scalding ndi madzi otentha), komanso kubwezeretsa udzu pamsana. Kuzoloŵera zochitika zoterezi kamodzi pa sabata. Kuthetsa disinfection ya nkhunda nyumba kumapangidwa 1-2 nthawi pachaka pogwiritsa ntchito 3% yankho la caustic soda ndi formaldehyde nthunzi (azimayi, omwe ali ndi zipangizo zonse zofunika, apatseni chithandizo chabwino koposa). Disinfection yotereyi imakulolani kuti muwononge tizilombo tonse omwe timayandikana nawo pafupi ndi mbalame mu dovecote. Ngati konkire ili m'nyumba, ndiye kuti pamwamba pake akhoza kutetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Komanso kuyera kwakumanga kwa makoma ndi laimu watsopano kumatengedwa kuti ndi njira yabwino yopiritsira mankhwala.

Ndikofunikira! Ndibwino kuti apange masalefu onse, zisa ndi mapiritsi mkati mwa nyumba ya nkhunda kuphwanyidwa kotero kuti athe kuchotsedwa mosavuta panthawi yoyeretsa.

Zimene mungadye

Nkhunda zazikulu zowonongeka za ku Hungarian zimakhala zovuta kulemera kolemera, choncho Chakudya choyenera chiyenera kuchitika mu zakudya zawo. Cholinga chachikulu chimakhala njere, ndipo zonsezi komanso monga gawo la zakudya zosakaniza. Zidzakhala zowonjezera kuwonjezera mbeu zamasamba, nyemba, nandolo, mphodza ku menyu, koma nyemba zimakhala zofunikira pokhapokha mutayera bwino chikhalidwe.

Mukhoza kudyetsa kaloti wa ntchentche ndi a apulo - osakaniza ndi gwero la mavitamini ofunikira komanso amino acid. Nthawi zina anthu a ku Hungary amapereka balere, mpunga, chimanga, zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga komanso shuga. Zakudya zoterezi zidzakhala zothandiza makamaka pambuyo paulendo wautali. Zopanda phindu kwa nkhunda za Hungarian zidzakhala mbatata, kabichi ndi mkate wouma, zomwe zimapereka chakudya pang'ono. Pofuna kuyendetsa mchere, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba ndi yangwiro, ngakhale mutagwiritsanso ntchito zovekedwa bwino. Kudyetsa mbalame moyenerera ndi kofunika kwambiri pa nthawi ya molting ndi kusakanikirana kwa ana.

Chiwerengero cha kudyetsa ndi kudyetsa mlimi aliyense wa nkhuku amasankha mosiyana malinga ndi khalidwe la mbalame ndi chikhalidwe chawo chofunikira.

Phunzirani zambiri zokhudza kudyetsa nkhunda ndi nkhunda.

Katemera

Mofanana ndi mitundu ina ya njiwa, anthu a ku Hungarian amatha kukhala ndi matenda a mbalame, mwachitsanzo, salmonellosis ndi matenda a Newcastle, omwe amatanthauza kuti katemera sungagwire ntchito. La Sota amawoneka kuti ndi katemera wotchuka kwambiri pa mapiritsi a pseudo (matenda a Newcastle).

Kawirikawiri, mankhwalawa amalowetsedwa mu thupi kudzera mu jekeseni ya jekeseni m'khosi, koma ngati njira yowonjezera, mukhoza kuika m'mphuno. Zochita za "La Sota" zimayamba masiku angapo pambuyo pa katemera ndikuziteteza mbalamezo kwa miyezi itatu. Katemera uwu ndi wotetezeka kwambiri ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa anthu a ku Hungary a msinkhu uliwonse. Katemera woteteza nkhumba amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha katemera wa njiwa kuchokera ku salmonellosis ndi mapiritsi, potsata, komanso pambuyo pa kukula kwa mbalame zoteteza matendawa. Kawirikawiri, njiwa zimatemera katemerayu m'madera omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka chotenga kachilombo ka HIV ndipo pali kale matenda ena. Katemerawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kokha ndipo amaperekedwa kwa nkhunda zoposa zaka ziwiri.

Mmene mankhwalawa amachitira nthawi zambiri amavumbulutsidwa patatha masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi atatu kuchokera pamene akulamulira ndipo amawonetsedwa pamagulu a mapiko. Patatha mwezi umodzi, zochitika zonse zimatha, ndipo katemera wonse umapezeka mkati mwa sabata.

Mukudziwa? Njiwa zamzinda sizidzatayika konse ngakhale mumzinda wambirimbiri, chifukwa mbalamezi zimakumbukira bwino malo omwe ali m'gawoli, komanso zimakhala ndi "kampasi yokhazikitsidwa", yomwe imathandiza kuti azidziwongolera dzuwa. Ngakhale atatengedwa kupita kutali kwambiri ndi gawo lawolo, iwo adzapezabe ulendo wawo wobwerera kwawo.

Video: maiyala akulu akulu akuuluka

Monga mukuonera, nkhunda zazikulu za ku Hungary zimakhala m'njira zambiri zofanana ndi oimira mitundu ina ndipo sizikusowa zina zotsekera kundende. Ndi kukongola kwake konse, iwo ndi odzichepetsa kwambiri, omwe amawapangitsa kukhala oyenerera kuswana ndi alimi omwe ali ndi zodzikuza ndi nkhuku.