Kalulu encephalosis: momwe amawonetseredwa, momwe angachitire, ndi owopsa kwa anthu

Zimapezeka kuti kalulu wakodwala amadwala. Zizindikiro za kunja kwa matendawa (kupotoka kwa khosi, kutayika, mawonekedwe ofuira) amasonyeza encephalosis. Ganizirani momwe matenda a kalulu amapekera ndi matendawa, momwe angachitire ndi njira zotetezera zomwe ziyenera kutengedwa.

Zamkatimu:

• Kodi matendawa amapezeka bwanji?
• Zizindikiro zoyambirira ndi kukula kwa matendawa
• Zosokoneza
• Mmene mungachitire
• Mankhwala a zinyama
• Cell disinfection
• Kusamalira, kudyetsa ndi kuthirira
• Kodi matendawa amaperekedwa kwa munthu?
• Kupewa
• Ndemanga

Ndi mtundu wanji wa matenda ndipo ndi owopsa bwanji kwa akalulu

Encephalosis ndi matenda omwe ali ndi akalulu, dzina lachiwiri la matendawa ndi torticollis. Matendawa amayamba ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a microsporidium. Kawirikawiri tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayambitsa akalulu, koma nkhumba zamphongo, makoswe, agalu, amphaka, abulu ndi anthu ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV.

Kodi matendawa amapezeka bwanji?

Akalulu ambiri amatenga mkodzo wa akalulu omwe ali ndi kachilombo. Kutenga kumatha kukhala mkati mwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi atabadwa. Komanso amayi omwe ali ndi kachirombo ka HIV amatha kupatsira ana ake mu utero. Spores, kapena mawonekedwe opatsirana a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, amatha kudutsa mumlengalenga.

Ng'ombe zowonongeka zimayambitsa zokha za spores mu mkodzo patatha mwezi umodzi mutatha kutenga kachilomboka, kutuluka uku kwapitirira kwa miyezi iwiri kuyambira pachiyambi cha matenda. Pambuyo pa miyezi itatu, kusankha kwa mkangano kumasiya. Spores akhoza kukhala kumalo kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi kutentha. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumathandiza kwambiri kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiyambe kugwira ntchito. Pambuyo pa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timafalikira limodzi ndi magazi m'magulu monga mapapo, chiwindi ndi impso. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayambira m'maselo omwe ali ndi kachilombo, omwe amachititsa kuti awonongeke. Kupasuka kwa magulu ndi chifukwa cha kutupa kosatha, komwe kungadziwike ndi zizindikiro zachipatala.

Pamene tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amafalikira m'thupi, ma antibodies amayamba kukhala ndi zamoyo. Izi ndizo zimachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa minofu ndi kupopera kwa spore. Chitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi chimateteza kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tisabereke, koma mikangano imakhala yotheka kwa zaka zambiri. Ngati m'tsogolo kalulu adzakhala ndi chitetezo chofooka, mikangano imeneyi ikhoza kudzuka ndikutsogolera matendawa.

Mukudziwa? Akalulu nthawi zonse amafunika kudzikuta, monga mano a zinyama nthawi zonse amapitilira kukula. Ngati nyama sizinadye (chakudya, nkhuni kapena miyala), mano awo akanakhala ataliatali masentimita 150 mutatha nyama..

Zizindikiro zoyambirira ndi kukula kwa matendawa

Kutenga ndi encephalosis kungawononge maso kapena dongosolo lamanjenje.

Zizindikiro za kugonjetsedwa kwa encephalosoniasis:

• mutu wotsogola kwambiri (matenda osakaniza);
• cataract m'maso kapena kutupa kwa madzi pakati pa cornea ndi diso (maso otupa);
• kutaya chikhalidwe mu danga.

Chifukwa cha mayeso a laboratory, amadziwika kuti encephalosis ikuwopsa m'mapapu, chiwindi ndi impso za kalulu kwa mwezi umodzi mutatha kudya. Pa nthawi yomweyo, matendawa angakhudze ubongo ndi maso a nyama. Pamene kalulu amatha kulimbana ndi matendawa, sipadzakhalanso zizindikiro zakunja zomwe zatulukamo.

Ngati chitetezo cha m'thupi cha kalulu chikulephera, kutupa chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumakhala kwakukulu. Pamene kutupa kuli mbali ya ubongo yomwe ili ndi udindo wa mutu ndi kuyeza, chizindikiro chachikulu chidzakhala chigoba chachilendo cha nyama. Nthendayi yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi matenda imatha kukhala mu diso limodzi kapena onse awiri.

Mukudziwa? Mtima wa kalulu umapanga 130 mpaka 325 kugunda pamphindi malinga ndi momwe thupi limakhalira. Kuyerekezera: kumveka kwa mtima wathanzi kumapikisano 60 mpaka 100 pamphindi.

Nthawi zina kupweteka kumene kumayambitsa matendawa kumakhudza mbali za ubongo kapena mitsempha.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, zizindikiro zowonjezereka zikuwonekera:

• vuto lofunafuna kapena kudya pakudya;
• kusintha komwe kuli miyendo;
• Kufa ziwalo kapena kufooka kwa miyendo yamphongo;
• Kusakaniza kosalamulirika chifukwa matendawa amakhudza mitsempha yomwe imayendetsa chikhodzodzo.

Ngati matendawa sakuyankhidwa ndikuchiritsidwa, chiweto chikhoza kuwonjezereka: misonzi ikuyenda mosalekeza, khungu limayang'ana maso ndi kutukuta, khungu la cataract limatulutsa khungu, nthawi zina patapita nthawi maso amachokera ku matenda.

Mukudziwa? M'zaka za m'ma Middle Ages ku France, akalulu ankatengedwa nsomba. Posala kudya, tchalitchi chimalola kuti nsomba zizidyedwa, kotero amonkewo amatha kudya nyama ya kalulu.

Mu akalulu ena omwe ali ndi matenda a encephalosis, zizindikiro za matendawa zimakhala zosavuta, koma nyama sizikhala ndi njala, kulemera kapena kugona, kupuma mofulumira, kutopa kwambiri. Kuti mudziwe bwinobwino, nyama yodwalayo iyenera kuwonetsedwa kwa veterinarian, komanso kuyesa mayeso owonetsa matendawa kuti azindikire matenda a encephalosis.

Zosokoneza

Pachifukwa ichi, matendawa sali oyenera kupeza matenda, chifukwa matenda ena akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana, komanso kuyezetsa magazi kumagula. Nthawi zina kalulu akhoza kukhala ndi matenda a impso, ndipo impso zimawoneka bwino komanso zimagwira ntchito zabwino, chifukwa kusintha kwa microsporidia kuli kochepa. Pofuna kuteteza kachilomboko, nkofunika kuti muyesetse kuchita zovuta zenizeni za matenda, monga ma poymmerase chain reaction (PCR) kuti azindikire DNA encephalosis. Akatswiri a ziweto amayamba kukayikira kuti matendawa amatha kusintha chifukwa cha kusintha kwa maso, malo, kayendetsedwe ka zinthu kapena zinthu zina zosokoneza ubongo.

Njira ya poymmerase yomwe imayambitsa mkodzo ndi kuphunzira zofunda zamtunduwu zimathandiza kupeza DNA ya encephalosis ndi kutsimikizira kuti pali mikangano mu thupi la kalulu. Kuyezetsa bwinoko kumaphatikizapo kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa mayesero awiri osiyana:

• enzyme immunoassay, yomwe imayeza kuchuluka kwa ma antibodies kwa encephalosis,
• mapuloteni electrophoresis, omwe amayesa mitundu ya mapuloteni m'magazi a kalulu.

Phunzirani momwe mungachiritse matenda a kalulu komanso ngati akuwopsyeza thanzi laumunthu.

Mankhwala amadzimadzi amadzimadzi amasonyeza ngati kalulu wagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, pamene mapuloteni electrophoresis amatha kusiyanitsa ngati matendawa akugwira ntchito kapena ali pamtunda. Masewera a tomography (CT) kapena maginito opangidwa ndi maginito (MRI) amatha kuona zipsinjo za ubongo.

Ngakhale mayeserowa sangathe kutsimikizira kuti matendawa ndi omwe amachititsa kuti awonongeke, amatha kudziwa komwe alili komanso kukula kwake kwa ubongo ngati chinyama chingachiritsidwe komanso ngati kalulu adzakhala ndi mavuto osokoneza bongo m'tsogolo.

Mukudziwa? Kalulu wa akalulu mukakhutira. Phokosoli silili ngati kapu wa pur, koma zimamveka ngati kukukuta kwa mano kapena kutafuna bata. Mbuye aliyense akalulu amadziwa kuti mawu ake ndi otani.

Chosavuta ndi chakuti mayeserowa amafuna kuti nyamayo ikhale ndi anesthesia (yomwe ndi yokwera mtengo kwambiri) ndipo ikhoza kuphonya zovulaza zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwakukulu mu khalidwe ndi thanzi la kalulu. Komanso, MRI ndi tomography amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyerekezera thupi lachibadwa la ubongo wa kalulu ndi chithunzi chomwe chimapezeka kuchokera ku nyama yodwala.

Mmene mungachitire

Veterinarian akhoza kulangiza chithandizo ndi Fenbendazole kwa masiku 28. Mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito steroidal othandizirapo kutupa angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Corticosteroids imagwiritsidwanso ntchito mosiyana ndi mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kutupa. Ngati matenda achiwiri, mankhwala opha tizilombo adzatumizidwa.

Nthawi zina pamakhala kalulu pamene kalulu samayankha mankhwala kapena amachitapo kanthu, ndipo nyamayo imasintha zina mkatikati mwa manjenje. Akalulu okhala ndi zotsatira zotsalira angakhale ndi mutu wopepuka kapena woperewera pang'ono. Nthaŵi zina (kuyamitsa ubweya, kutaya thupi), ndibwino kuti tigone.

Werengani momwe mungasamalire akalulu komanso momwe mungadyetse.

Mankhwala a zinyama

Thandizo la encephalosis

1. "Fenbendazol" - 20 mg pa kilogalamu ya kulemera kwa moyo, tsiku ndi tsiku, pamlomo, mankhwala a masiku 28.
2. "Dexamethasone" - 0.2 mg pa 1 makilogalamu a kulemera kwa moyo, jekeseni wothandizira kapena kutulutsa mawu, kamodzi patsiku.
3. Antibiotic "Chloramphenicol" - 30 mg pa paundi ya kulemera kwa moyo kawiri patsiku, jekeseni wochulukitsa kwa masiku 14.
4. "Enrofloxacin" - 10 mg pa 1 makilogalamu a kulemera kwa moyo, kamodzi pa tsiku kwa masiku 14, pamlomo kapena ngati matenda opatsirana.
5. "Oxytetracycline" - 20 mg pa 1 kg ya kulemera kwa moyo, pang'onopang'ono kamodzi patsiku, njira ya mankhwala - masiku 14.
6. "Marbofloxacin" - 4 mg pa 1 makilogalamu a kulemera kwa moyo kamodzi pa tsiku kwa masiku 14, operekedwa pamlomo kapena pansi.
7. "Trimethoprim", "Sulfonamide" - 20 mg pa kilogalamu imodzi ya thupi kamodzi patsiku, njira yamachiritso imakhala masiku 14, injected subcutaneously.
8. Mavitamini ambiri a gulu B - 0.5-1.0 ml pa 1 makilogalamu a kulemera kwa moyo, mwachindunji, kamodzi patsiku, njira ya mankhwala ndi masiku 14.
9. Chithandizo cha kristalloid (mwachitsanzo, "Sterofundin") monga droppers - 20-40 mg pa kilogalamu ya kulemera kamodzi patsiku kwa masiku atatu oyambirira, ndiye tsiku lirilonse la masiku khumi, limagwiritsidwa ntchito intravenously kapena subcutaneously.
10. Kupewa mapangidwe a bedsores - gwiritsani ntchito malo oyenera odzola pogwiritsa ntchito tetracycline kapena cortisone.

Komanso pa milandu yoopsa, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana ndi kuumirizidwa mokakamizidwa.

Mukudziwa? Akalulu ndi nyama zofulumira kwambiri, zakutchire, liwiro lawo lifika makilomita 38 pa ola limodzi.

Cell disinfection

Kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuphatikizapo odyetsa, oledzera ndi zipangizo zina zomwe amachizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• madzi otentha;
• Njira zothetsera mowa 70%;
• 1% yankho la formaldehyde;
• 2% yankho la lysol.

Ndikofunikira! Mulimonsemo musayese kukonza kalulu pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za thupi, ziwononge nyama.

Kusamalira, kudyetsa ndi kuthirira

1. Nyama yodwala imakhala yoopsya, pomwe imatha kudzivulaza yokha. Pofuna kupewa izi, makoma a kalulu amakhala opangidwa ndi zipangizo zofewa, musamawopsyeze nyamayo mofuula komanso mokweza. Pa matenda a chiweto, samasiya kulankhulana, nyama imasowa kwambiri.
2. Madzi oti amwe wodwala amathiridwa mu saucer wosaya ndi kukhala pansi pa khola. Ngati wodwala sangakwanitse kumwa mowa, amamwe madzi ndi madzi omwe amasonkhanitsidwa mu sitiroko, makamaka m "mene matendawa amalowa m'thupi mwachindunji.
3. Ngati chinyamacho chimasokonezeka, ndiye kuti chiyenera kudyetsedwa ndi mphamvu, zomwe zingakhale zovuta kuchita ndi khosi lopotoka.
4. Chidebe, madzi, ndi chakudya mu khola la akalulu odwala amasinthidwa kukhala kamodzi patsiku.

Kodi matendawa amaperekedwa kwa munthu?

Akalulu okhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira, komanso odyetseratu, akhoza kukhalabe zonyamulira za spores ndi kunja popanda zizindikiro za matendawa, kapena kutenga matendawa mofatsa. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti E. cuniculi ndi matenda opatsirana, ndiko kuti, anthu akhoza kutenga kachilomboka. Kawirikawiri, omwe ali ndi mphamvu yoteteza mthupi, monga omwe ali ndi AIDS, ndiwo oyamba kudwala. Spores amachokera ku thupi la chinyama, chomwe munthu wathanzi amatha kupanga ndi mpweya. Imeneyi ndi njira ya matenda a kalulu wa munthu ndi encephalosis. Onetsetsani kuti musamba m'manja mukatha kuyanjana ndi pet, komanso musunge kalulu ndi khola lake.

Kupewa

Pogwiritsa ntchito prophylaxis, kawiri patsiku, nyama nthawi zonse (masiku 35-40 kapena kawiri pa chaka) amapatsidwa Fenbendazol, yomwe ili ndi zizindikiro, zomwe zimatsatira ndondomeko yomwe imatchulidwa m'malembawo. Muyeneranso kusamala kwambiri za ukhondo: ukhondo wa kalulu, komanso ukhondo wa malo omwe ali ndi kalulu. Ndi zofunika kuchepetsa kukhudzana kwa kalulu ndi zinyama za anthu ena.

Ndikofunikira! Zina mwazimene zikuwonetsa kufunikira koti chithandizo cha mankhwala a prophylactic masiku onse 35-40, pamene ena amasonyeza nthawi imodzi pakati pa kumwa mankhwala. Kuti mudziwe molondola momwe mungapewere matendawa, mwiniwake wa pakhomo akuyenera kupempha malangizo kwa veterinarian.

Akatswiri a zamagulu amanena kuti pafupifupi kalulu aliyense yemwe adayamba kulankhulana ndi achibale awo ali ndi matenda a encephalosis. Zinyama zomwe zimakhala ndi chitetezo chofooka, matendawa amadziwonekera ndipo amapita patsogolo, ndipo nyama zathanzi zathanzi sizikhoza kudwala moyo wawo wonse, koma zimanyamula spores za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupi ndipo pang'onopang'ono kufooka kwa thanzi lawo ali pangozi yodwala. Kuti chiweto chikhale cholimba komanso chokhala ndi thanzi, m'pofunika kuti nthawi zonse muzichita chithandizo chamatenda.

Ndemanga