Osiyanitsa Mkaka: Mitundu, Malamulo Ogwira Ntchito, Malamulo Ogwira Ntchito

Mgwirizano wa mkaka umapereka mwayi watsopano kwa alimi omwe amadziwika bwino poweta ziweto za mkaka. Ndi chipangizo chophweka ichi, mosasamala kanthu za kukula kwake, mungathe kudzikonzekeretsa nokha mafuta, kirimu, mkaka wofiira, kirimu wowawasa, batala, kanyumba tchizi ndi whey. Komabe, chisankho chofunikilacho chimapanga zokolola ndi chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi mkaka. Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito chipangizochi, ndi zomwe mungayang'ane pamene mukugula - werengani zomwe mukuwerengazo.

Zamkatimu:

• Chofunika
• Zimagwira ntchito bwanji
• Kodi ndi chiyani?
• Banja
• Industrial
• Momwe mungasankhire cholekanitsa mkaka
• Vuto la mkaka wokonzedwa
• Zofalitsa
• Kugwira ntchito
• Chida cha chipangizo
• Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga
• Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito kulekanitsa: malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito
• Kulekanitsa zolakwika
• Kusokonezeka koipa
• Mkaka umathamanga kudutsa pansi.
• Mkaka umatuluka pamphepete mwa chipinda choyandama.
• Chokoma ndi madzi.
• Mankhwalawa ndi obiriwira kwambiri.
• Mkaka wothandizira mkaka umachepa
• Wopatulira akunthunthumira kapena akuthamanga ndi phokoso
• Ngoma imakhudza mbale za mkaka
• Video: momwe mungalekanitse mkaka

Chotsekanitsa Mkaka

Ngati mkaka watsopano umathiridwa mu mtsuko wa galasi ndikusiya maola angapo, madziwa amatha kutayika chifukwa cha mafuta omwe ali nawo. Dothi lake laling'onoting'ono, lomwe limawoneka moyang'aniridwa ndi microscope, limayandama pamwamba, ndipo limatulutsa utoto wobiriwira. Pa nthawiyi, olekanitsa amafunika.

Mukudziwa? Bungwe Loona za Umoyo Padziko Lonse limalimbikitsa kuti aliyense wokhala padziko lapansi adye makilogalamu 330 a mkaka pachaka.

Chofunika

Chida ichi chimakupatsani inu kugawanika mkaka mu tizigawo ting'onoting'ono. Zotsatira zake ndi zonunkhira ndi zojambulidwa molokoprodukt zoyeretsedwa ku zosafunika zosiyanasiyana. Pambuyo kucha, mkaka ukuyimitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kulekanitsa mwamsanga stratified mu curd ndi whey. Kusankhidwa kwa mafuta mafuta kumakhala kovuta kwambiri ndipo sikungatheke, chifukwa panthawi yopatukana pali mwayi wopeza chiwerengero chilichonse cha mafuta. Alimi ogwira ntchito amadziwa kuti chiŵerengero cha 1:10 chopezeka pamapeto omaliza a ntchito chikusonyeza kupanga 1 lita imodzi ya kirimu ndi 10 malita a mkaka wambiri kuchokera ku ma lita 11 a mkaka watsopano.

Zidzakhala zothandiza kwa inu kuti mudziwe njira zothandizira ndi mitundu ya mkaka wa ng'ombe zomwe zilipo, komanso ganizirani maonekedwe a mkaka ozizira.

Pamene kupatulidwa kwa kirimu chotsirizidwa kungasandulike mafuta kapena zonona.

M'nyumba komanso m'minda yaing'ono, kawirikawiri kaamba ka mkaka wamakono, amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amachititsa kuti madzi azikhala osakanikirana. Cream separator ya processing yoyamba ya mkaka Chotsatira cha kusankha mafuta kuchotsedwa kumadalira:

• Kukonzekera kuchuluka kwa mkaka ndi mkaka wambiri;
• liwiro lozungulira la gawo la drum;
• mkaka wapadera mankhwala otentha;
• kuthamanga kudutsa mu centrifuge.

Mukudziwa? Finns amamwa mkaka wochuluka kuposa wina aliyense padziko lapansi. Chaka chonse, aliyense wokhala ku Finland amadya pafupifupi 391 malita a mankhwalawa. Ma antipodes awo akhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi Achi China, omwe pachaka amagwiritsira ntchito mkaka saposa makilogalamu 30..

Zimagwira ntchito bwanji

Onse opatulira amagwira ntchito molingana ndi mfundo imodzi, yokhudzana ndi zotsatira za mphamvu ya centrifugal:

1. Mchitidwe wonse wa madzi oyeretsa mkaka umachitika mu ng'anjo, yomwe ili ndi mapeyala a perforated ndi chivundikiro mu galasi.
2. Zonsezi zimagwirizana mwadongosolo, zomwe zimayambitsa zotsatira 6 zogulitsidwa. Gombe la kukhetsa lili pafupi ndi khoma la thanki, kumene mkaka watsopano umadyetsedwa.
3. Mothandizidwa ndi valavu yamtundu wa cork, madzi amalowa m'katikatikati, kuchokera kumene amatsikira kupyola pakati. Mbalame yothamanga ya centrifuge imasinthasintha, mofulumira kupatukana kwa ma molekyulu amapezeka.
4. Pakuyenda kusunthira madziwa amagawidwa pamtunda wonse.
5. Kubwerera kumabwalo onse opita kuzipinda ndikukwera ndi kuthandizidwa ndi nyanga mu chidebe chokonzekera.
6. Kuwonjezera apo, msampha wapadera wa matope umaperekedwa mu zipangizo, kumene zosakondweretsa zapakati pachitatu zimasonkhanitsidwa.

Kodi ndi chiyani?

Ngakhale kuti ntchitoyi ndi imodzi, njira iliyonse yodzipatula imadziwika ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhudza ubwino ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimapezeka. Alimi amakono amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri ya zipangizo: nyumba ndi mafakitale. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane aliyense wa iwo.

Ndikofunikira! Ngati mbale zadomayo sizitsuka bwino kapena zofanana ndi zomwe zimapangidwira zimasokonezeka, makina sangagwire ntchito ndipo mkaka udzatuluka kuchokera ming'alu yonseyo.

Banja

Zipangizozi zimapangidwa kuti zigwiritse ntchito zochepa za mkaka kusungunuka. Pambuyo polekanitsa, kubweretsera kirimu ndi kubwereranso mafuta kumapezeka poyera, ndi kotheka kupanga batala wopangidwa kunyumba.

Malinga ndi galimoto imene amagwiritsidwa ntchito, zipangizo zam'nyumba zili:

1. Mankhwala (pamene kupatukana kumapezeka mwadzidzidzi). Mwachitsanzo, chitsanzo cha RZ OPS, chokonzekera zokolola zochepa ndipo chili ndi mbale 5.5 l. M'mawonekedwe apulasitiki, unit imagwiritsa ntchito $ 50, ndipo mu chitsulo Baibulo zimapereka kawiri kuposa.
2. Magetsi (pamene mapangidwe amaphatikizapo galimoto yamagetsi imene imayendetsa). Mwachitsanzo, chitsanzo "Mlimi". Zimasiyana ndi wolekanitsa wapitawo ndi liwiro lozungulira la disk drum, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti apange mkaka wosiyana kwambiri malinga ndi kuchuluka kwawo. Kuonjezera apo, opanga apereka olamulira kuti azisinthasintha kawirikawiri. Chipangizo chogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi chimakhala cholemera kwambiri, ndipo mtengo wake umayamba kuchokera pa $ 105 (malingana ndi zipangizo ndi gawo la gawo logwira ntchito).

Industrial

Osiyanitsa mtundu umenewu wapangidwa kuti azitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, motero amatumizidwa ndi magetsi okhaokha. Zitsanzo zina za mafakitale zitha kukhala ndi ntchito yowonjezera yolekanitsa tchizi ta tchire kuchokera ku whey.

Pafupifupi onse olekanitsa amakhala ndi misampha ya matope kuti asankhidwe mwachitsulo chomwe chinagwedezeka panthawi yomwe imatuluka.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mudzidziwe nokha zomwe zimayambitsa magazi m'mkaka wa ng'ombe.

Ngakhale nyumba, mafakitale angakhale ndi njira yomangidwira yotsegulira, yomwe siimapereka chitetezo cha mankhwala oyambirira ndi apamwamba kulankhulana ndi mpweya. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa makina olekanitsa kupanga makina amadziwika ndi kukhudzana ndi mkaka ndi mlengalenga pakhomo, ndipo zimakhala pansi pazipsyinjo zamakono kulowa mu chidebe chodindira. Mitengo yamtengo wapatali imaloleza kusindikiza kuyimitsidwa kumene kulipo ndi zinthu zonse zopangidwa kuchokera mmenemo. Muchitetezo palinso njira zomwe zimachepetsa mafuta a mkaka pulogalamu yapadera.

Chitsanzo cha olekanitsa oterewa chikhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi chitsanzo cha KMA Artern Nagema, yemwe amatha kulola maola 25,000 a mkaka pa ola limodzi. Mtengo wa unit umayamba kuchokera $ 350.

Ndikofunikira! Mkaka musanapatulidwe uyenera kutenthedwa mpaka 40-45 ° C. Ngati palibe thermometer yomwe ili pafupi, kutentha kwa mkaka kuyenera kukhala kochepa kuposa kutentha kwa zala. Mkaka wowonjezera mkaka ukhoza kugawidwa mwamsanga pambuyo poyamwa.

Momwe mungasankhire cholekanitsa mkaka

Posankha wolekanitsa mkaka, mlimi ayenera kulingalira za kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito, nthawi yomwe amagwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho, malo omwe amapatsidwa, komanso makhalidwe ake. Lembetsani kumatsatanetsatane.

Vuto la mkaka wokonzedwa

Zida zamagetsi zimakhala ndi ovomerezeka ndi mkaka, zomwe zimayamba kuchokera ku malita 5.5. Kawirikawiri pali mbale zopangidwa 12 malita. Komabe, pakhomo, zosankha zokonza 30 kapena kuposa malita a madzi ndi zotheka. Manunkhidwe ogulitsa mafakitale amadziwika ndi mphamvu zowonjezera, kuchokera pa malita 100.

Okonza ena, mosavuta, amapereka ndondomeko yapadera yowonongeka, yomwe imalola kusintha kuchuluka kwa ntchito.

Tikukulangizani kuti muganizire zochitika zonse za mapangidwe a makina oweta ng'ombe.

Zofalitsa

Muzitsulo zimakhala zolekanitsa zipangizo za pulasitiki ndi zitsulo. Dziwani kuti izi zimakhala ndi moyo wautali ndi chipiriro, ndipo choyamba ndi wotchipa.

Mu zipangizo zachitsulo kawirikawiri cholandira cholandira ndi mbali zina zimapangidwa ndi aluminiyumu (ngakhale pali zitsulo zazitsulo). Zimakhala zosavuta kuziyeretsera mafuta amtundu wa mkaka, komanso mavitaminiwo samadziunjikira okha. Kuonjezerapo, ngati kuli kotheka, kutsuka zidazi zikhoza kuchitidwa ndi kutenga nawo mbali zowonongeka. Ngati makinawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito mobwerezabwereza, musagwiritse ntchito ndalama pogula zitsulo zamtengo wapatali. Zosowa za banja lafamulo zimatha kupatsa chisankho cha pulasitiki.

Mukudziwa? Mpikisano wokonza mkaka ndi wa United States of America. Mafamu a US amapanga malita pafupifupi 80 biliyoni a mankhwalawa pachaka. Kuyerekeza: ku UK, chaka chonse cha mkaka wa mkaka chimasintha mkati mwa malita 14 biliyoni.

Kugwira ntchito

Mtengo wa mkaka umadalira maluso a chipangizo chogula. Mu mitundu yambiri yamakono yamakono operekera mafuta, amapereka ndondomeko ya kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a kirimu, komanso mkaka wambiri. Kawirikawiri, chiŵerengero chosinthika chili pa 1: 10-1: 4.

Malingana ndi ntchito ya akatswiri, olekanitsa onse agawanika:

• ochotsa kirimu (potuluka iwo amapereka zonona ndi kubweza kwaulere);
• normalizers (zofunikira kuti muzilamulira mafuta a mkaka);
• oyeretsa mkaka (analengedwa kuti ayeretse chimbudzi chachikulu kuchokera ku zowonjezera zowonjezera);
• zipangizo zochepetsera madzi;
• olekanitsa-opanga mafuta okoma kwambiri.

Chida cha chipangizo

Zipangizo zamakono zingayambitsidwe ndi manja kapena magetsi. Makina onse ogulitsa mafakitale amagwiritsa ntchito 220 V. Zida zamagetsi zimatha kulimbana ndi magetsi pamtunda 160-240 V.

Komabe, ngati chipangizocho chidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kumadera akutali ndi mphamvu zopanda mphamvu ndi madontho afupipafupi, ndibwino kuti muzisankha mawotchi. Pa opatukanawo, mmalo mwa magetsi oyendetsa magetsi, mphutsi yowonongeka imaperekedwa m'munsi, yomwe imayambitsa ndodo.

Ndikofunikira! Posankha opatulira magetsi, samverani injini yogwira ntchito. Kukhazikika kwake kumatsimikizira kuti mutenga zokometsera zapamwamba.

Malingana ndi akatswiri, mphamvu ya omvera kwa mitundu yonse ya zipangizo sizimasiyana. Pa nthawi yomweyi, wolekanitsa bukuli amapindula mtengo (mtengo wotsika mtengo), komanso wopatulira magetsi pamagwiridwe abwino.

Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga

Mu masiku assortment mkaka separators ndi zovuta kuti asankhe bwino. Pambuyo pake, wopanga aliyense amayesera kutsimikizira wogula zapadera ndi zogwirizana ndi katundu wawo. Choncho, mu tebulo ili m'munsi tikukupatsani chiwerengero cha zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito kulekanitsa: malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito

Kukhala ndi moyo wautali wautali komanso ubwino wabwino wa mkaka utatulutsidwa, ndikofunikira kutsatira zotsatirazi:

1. Musanayambe kugwira ntchito, onetsetsani kuti mbale yanuyo imayikidwa bwino, kuti zitsulozo zikhale zoyera, komanso fufuzani kukhulupirika kwa chingwe cha magetsi. Tetezerani ndowe bwino.
2. Kuti mukhale wodalirika, chitetezeni chipinda pazathyathyathya pamwamba ndi ma screws 3 ndi opangira zitsamba. Chonde dziwani kuti kupatukana kuyenera kuchitika m'chipinda chopanda pfumbi, ndipo muli ndi madzi okwanira 65%.
3. Pankhani ya kusungirako magetsi pamtundu wotentha, m'pofunikira kuisunga m'chipinda chofunda, chouma kwa maola 6 musanayambe.
4. Ikani ming'oma ya ophimba ndi kirimu pamalo abwino ndikusandutsa chidebe chachikulu cha mkaka wambiri komanso chochepa cha zonona.
5. Ikani chipinda choyandama, sungani choyandama mumtanda, pikani mkaka wothandizira mkaka ndi choyimira pulasitiki mu dzenje lakuya pansi pa nyumbayo. Chonde dziwani kuti khokweli liyenera kukhala lotsekedwa.
6. Musanayambe kugwiritsira ntchito magetsi opatulira, ikani makina osinthika ku malo "0" ("Off"). Pambuyo pake, ikani pulagi muzitsulo.
7. Pa luntha lanu, yesani kuchuluka kwa mafuta. Izi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mpukutu wolamulira wapadera. Ngati mukusowa kirimu wandiweyani, ndiye kuti phokoso liyenera kusinthidwa mozungulira, ngati madzi - akuwombera. Kaŵirikaŵiri munthu amatembenukira mbali imodzi kapena winayo ndi yokwanira.
8. Thirani mkaka wotentha kapena watsopano mkaka mu mbale ndikutsegula magetsi a galimotoyo. Pambuyo pofika pa liwiro lozungulira la drum, masekondi 30-40 mutatha kusintha, mutsegule pompu, mwachitsanzo. Tembenuzani chogwirira chachitsulo (kutsogolo) ku chokopa pamphepete mwa wolandira.
9. Pambuyo polekanitsa mkaka kuyimitsa kutsuka chipangizocho, lembani mbale yolandila ndi 3 malita a madzi ofunda ndi kudutsa kupyola muphatikiziti kuchotsa kuchotsa kirimu ndi zonona. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, onetsetsani kuti nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito makina sichidutsa miyezo yomwe amalimbikitsa.
10. Pambuyo pake, chipangizochi chiyenera kusokonezedwa ndikutsukidwa bwino m'madzi ofunda. Kuti muchite izi, zithetsani m'manja mwanu ndikudikirira kuti mthunzi uleke. Chotsani mosamala sewerolo, ndikulepheretsa kusambira mopitirira muyeso. Pogwiritsa ntchito wrench yapadera, tisiyanitsani mtedzawo, koma musati muwonetsetse kusintha kwazitsulo.
11. Kusamba zida zikuchitika m'madzi ofunda. Mkaka ndi dothi zimachotsedwa ndi burashi, ndipo njirayi imatsukidwa ndi burashi, makamaka pakhomo lalikulu la zojambulajambula, komanso mabowo atatu oblique a tray. Zomangamanga zomangira zitsulo zimatsukidwa ndi zidulo ndi alkali, makamaka pankhani ya aluminium (ngati zina zopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu izi zidzasokonezeka ndipo zikhoza kugwa).
12. Mu dongosolo lotsatira la disassembly, tengani mbali zonse zotsuka ndi zouma. Musaiwale kuti mafuta azikhala ndi mafuta ndi zakudya zina. Musati mutetezereni mtedza ndipo onetsetsani kuti muwumitse.

Kulekanitsa zolakwika

Ntchito yosavulaza, katundu wambiri ndi kusamba kwabwino kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu nthawi zambiri zimachotsa chipangizochi ndikukhudzidwa ndi zomwe zimagulitsidwa. Ganizirani mavuto omwe amagwira ntchito m'minda ya mkaka.

Werengani zambiri za momwe mungasankhire ng'ombe ya mkaka, komanso kuti mudziwe zomwe zimapangidwa ndi udzu wa ng'ombe.

Kusokonezeka koipa

Malingana ndi akatswiri, zowonongeka za vutoli lolekanitsa ndilo chifukwa cha mpweya wothamanga kapena mukutuluka kwa ziwalo, zomwe zikutheka chifukwa chovala ndi kukanidwa. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kuyeretsa ngoma kungachepetse ndi nthawi mu chida, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chiwonongeke.

Ndiponso, ngati mtunda wa pakati pa mbale za dramu ndi waukulu kwambiri, umakhudza kwambiri khalidwe la kirimu kupatukana. Komabe, izi ndi zoipa ngati mtunda waung'ono. Choncho, zipangizo zamtengo wapatali ndizofunika kwambiri. Kuti athetse vuto:

• onetsetsani kuvala kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu;
• sambani ziwalozo ndi kuyeretsa zolimba zamala particles ndi brush ndi detergent;
• Sulani makina onse a chipangizo ndikupaka mafuta odzola;
• kusintha masewera;
• m'malo m'malo owonongeka ngati kuli kofunikira;
• onetsetsani kuti msonkhano wa drum ukusonkhanitsidwa bwino ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, perekani mbale zoperewera zosowa;
• Imitsani nthiti molimba;
• Yang'anani kuyika kwa mphete yosindikizira.

Ndikofunikira! Ngati njira yolekanitsa ikuphatikiza ndi phokoso lopanda phokoso komanso kuyimba kwakukulu kwa chipangizochi, ntchitoyo iyenera kuyimitsidwa ndipo chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwachotsedwa.

Mkaka umathamanga kudutsa pansi.

Zifukwa za kuyamwa kwa mkaka kuyimitsidwa ndi amisiri odziwa bwino omwe amatchedwa msonkhano wosayenera wa wolekanitsa komanso kukonzekera ntchito. Kawirikawiri, vuto limabuka pamene kupatukana kumayamba ndi valavu yotseguka isanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito mofulumira. Komanso, vuto limakhala lotheka pamene drum imakhala pansi pamphepete mwa zonona.

Kusokoneza:

• onetsetsani kukwera kwasinkhu yakumwera;
• Tsegulani matepi 2 Mphindi mutatsegulira galimoto;
• onetsetsani kuti kusintha kwake kwa damu kuli pamalo abwino (kutembenuzira 1-1.5 kutembenuka).

Mkaka umatuluka pamphepete mwa chipinda choyandama.

Zomwe zimachitika pa vutoli zimayambitsidwa ndi kutseka kwa kanjira ka chipinda choyandama, chomwe chikhoza chifukwa cha kusamba bwino. Kuchotsa vutolo:

• kusokoneza chipangizocho ndi kuyeretsa dzenje;
• potsegula, fufuzani ngati mkaka wabwera mkatikati mwa float (ngati kuli kotheka, perekani malo ake).

Ndikofunikira! Ndikoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito selojekiti yamagetsi pamene magetsi akugwa mu intaneti ndi otsika kuposa 160 V. Pankhani ya zizindikiro pansipa zizolowezi zovomerezeka, ndikulimbikitsidwa kutsegula wopatulirayo pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya stabilizer.

Chokoma ndi madzi.

Mafuta obiriwira kwambiri ndi chifukwa cha kutentha kosayenera kwa mkaka wosakanizidwa ndi gawo loyeretsa bwino. Kuti muthe mavuto, muyenera:

• kuchepetsa mkaka kukhala kutentha kwa 35-45 ° C;
• sambani ndodoyo, yeretsani ziwalo zake kuchokera ku sediment ndikutsuka bwino (ngati kuli kotheka, gwiritsani ntchito zotupa zowonongeka ndi maburashi).

Mankhwalawa ndi obiriwira kwambiri.

Izi ndizovuta kwambiri pakati pa alimi oyimilira. Malingana ndi akatswiri, ndi chifukwa cha kutentha kwa mkaka kusungunuka ndi ndodo yosayenerera yosasintha zowonongeka.

Alimi ayenera kuphunzira momwe angagwiritsire ntchito mkaka wabwino ndi manja awo ndi makina oyendetsa.

Kuti athetse vuto limene mukufuna:

• unscrew kusintha kwa zowola 1-1.5 kutembenukira;
• kutentha mkaka ku 35-45 ° С;
• pambuyo pa dambalo kupita kuwiro mofulumira, mutsegule matepi;
• onetsetsani kukhalapo kwa woyandama ndikuyiyika.

Mkaka wothandizira mkaka umachepa

Izi kawirikawiri zimachitika pamene matepi ovomerezeka sakhala otseguka kapena osungidwa. Kuti athetse vuto, yambani bwino bwino ndikutsegula. Sipweteketsanso kuonetsetsa kuti ngodya ikusonkhanitsidwa bwino.

Mukudziwa? Anthu a ku Russia anali oyamba kuphunzira momwe angapangire kirimu wowawasa ndi tchizi tchizi, a ku Ukrainians - Varenets, Kazakhs - ayran, Karachai okwera mapiri - kefir, Georgians - matsoni. Kukoma koona kwa mankhwalawa kungamveke pokhapokha kumidzi ya kumidzi, kumene njira zakale zomwe amapangira zimasungidwa..

Wopatulira akunthunthumira kapena akuthamanga ndi phokoso

Chilemacho chimayambitsidwa ndi ndudu yopotoka pang'ono kapena msonkhano wosayenera. Ndiponso, kumveka ndi phokoso zimatha ngati malo osagwirizana amasankhidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito chipangizocho.

Kuti athetse vuto:

• onetsetsani kuti msonkhano wa dramu uli wolondola;
• tizimitsa mtedza wa nut;
• Ikani chigawocho pamtunda wosakanikirana ndikuyang'ana mphamvu yake.

Ngoma imakhudza mbale za mkaka

Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri pamene ziwiya za mkaka zikusonkhanitsa molakwika, zomwe zimayambitsa chisokonezo. Zikuthekanso kuti kuipitsidwa kuchokera ku mkaka wolimba mkaka kumapangidwe pamagalimoto ndi drum.

Kuti athetse vutoli, akatswiri amalangiza kuti:

• onetsetsani kukonza zida za mkaka;
• Pukutsani zonse zigawo zikuluzikulu, penyani mwapadera galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto ndi dzenje pamunsi mwa dramu;
• Gwiritsani bwino msinkhu wake wa dramu poyerekeza ndi zonona.

Ndikofunikira! Sikuti nthawi zonse kupatukana kumadalira gawo lomwelo. Nthawi zina, chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kwa mkaka, kutaya kumachepa.

Tsopano mukudziwa chifukwa chake olekanitsa amafunika mu famu yamakono yopanga mkaka, chomwe chiri, momwe chimagwirira ntchito. Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhani yathu ikuthandizani kuti muyende bwino mukasankha chipangizo komanso m'tsogolomu kuti mupewe kugwira ntchito yopanda kuwerenga.

Video: momwe mungalekanitse mkaka