Zokongola, osati zazikulu, maluwa okongola a gloxinia adzakhala oyenerera kumbali iliyonse. Masamba akuluakulu a velvet ndi chikoka chobiriwira, amasangalatsa maso a wolima miyezi 5 mzere.
Maluwa amayamba kugwira ntchito kwambiri ndi zaka za zomera. Panthawi ya maluwa gloxinia akhoza kupereka pafupifupi 50 maluwa. Izo zimadabwitsidwa ndi mtundu wa pelet ndi mawonekedwe a masamba.
Tidzakulangizani momwe mungasamalire kukongola kwamtendere ndi matenda ndi tizirombowa.
Zinthu zofunika pakukula maluwa
Mavuto otentha
Ngati mukufuna synningia (gloxinia) kuphulika momasuka, muyenera kukhala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya (chifukwa gloxinia sungakhoze pachimake ndi choti achitepo, werengani apa). M'nthaŵi ya chilimwe, kuti ukhale ndi moyo wabwino, kutentha kumasinthasintha madigiri 20-26, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira sikuyenera kugwera pansi pa madigiri 18 (werengani za nyengo yozizira ya Gloxinia apa).
Kuunikira
Ngakhale kuti Gloxinia, wokonda kuwala, sayenera kuiyika dzuwa lotentha. Miyezi yeniyeni imakhala yovuta kwambiri maluwa. Malo abwino a gloxinia ndi mawindo okhala ndi kuwala kochepa..
Ngati mawindo a nyumba yanu ali kumpoto, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyika zowonjezera zowonjezera pogwiritsa ntchito nyali za fulorosenti ndi kuwala kofewa. Mawindo a South, m'nyengo ya chilimwe, muyenera kudima, ndi galasi yosungunuka, kapena kupaka magalimoto omwe amabalalika.
Achibale achilengedwe a Gloxinia amasankha mvula yambiri ya mvula, kupeŵa malo omasuka kumene chirichonse chimawotcheredwa kunja kwa dzuwa, ndi madzulo. Kuti apange zinthu zabwino kwambiri, nthawi ya kuyatsa iyenera kukhala maola 12-14.
Popanda kuyatsa bwino, gloxinia ikhoza kutayika., kutambasula kwambiri kapena kuchepetsa masamba. Pazomwe zimayambira, maluwawo ndi ofooka kwambiri, choncho sali ochepa kwambiri.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Popeza gloxinia imachokera m'mapiri a Amazon, m'pofunika kuisamalira m'nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Choncho, mu kutentha kwakukulu (madigiri 28 ndi pamwamba) zimalimbikitsidwa kuyika miphika ndi maluwa pa thireyi ndi zina zowonjezera, kudzazidwa ndi mchenga, maboti kapena peat.
Gloxinia ndifunika kutentha kwa mpweya mu 60-80%. Dziwani kuti kusowa kwa chinyezi kungathe, poyang'ana ndi mapepala otchingidwa ndi otsika. Kunyumba, zimalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera, kapena kuyika chotengera ndi madzi pafupi ndi mphika.
Kuthirira
Muyenera kuthirira chomeracho poto, kapena pamphepete mwa mphika kuti musakhudze masamba. Madzi akudiririra ayenera kutetezedwa masana. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito mvula ndi madzi osasankhidwa. Kutentha kumafunika kukhala madigiri 2-3 otentha kuposa mpweya m'chipinda.
Pambuyo pa mphindi 30, nthaka ikatenga chinyezi, m'pofunika kuuma poto. Onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane chinyezi dothi musanayambe kuthirira, ziyenera kukhala zowuma. Pakati pa mvula yambiri komanso nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kuchepa.
Kenako, kanema woonera pa kuthirira Gloxinia:
Mfundo zazikulu za kulima
Kupindikizira kumathandiza kupanga maphukira atsopano ndi mabotolo ambiri, omwe sangathe kukhazikika. Choncho, pinning duwa sikofunika.
Kodi ndi liti ndipo chifukwa chiyani kudula m'nyengo yozizira?
Nthawi yofunikira kwambiri yosamalira mbewu, ikukonzekera nyengo yozizira. Ndiponsotu, zimachokera ku malo osungirako nthawi yomwe moyo watsopano umadalira. Sinningia amachokera ku chikhalidwe chamtchire, ndipo amaonedwa kuti ndi maluwa achilendo. Mwa chikhalidwe cha malo, m'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, nthawi ya mpumulo ndi yofunika.
M'mawu ena, chomera chimapita ku hibernation, masamba akale amafa, mizu ina imatha ndipo, poyambira masika, ndi mphamvu zatsopano, zimakondwera ndi mulu wambiri wa inflorescences. Ambiri okonda zosowazo, molakwika kuponyera chomera, kusokoneza mtendere ndi imfa ya duwa.
Chenjerani! Fragile gloxinia yomwe inachotsedwa ku mbewu kapena gloxinia, yomwe inapezedwa ndi kumera tsamba cuttings, silingatumizedwe kuti ikhale yozizira. Thupi laling'ono silikukonzekera mayesero oterowo. Ndikofunika kuika mphika pa ofunda kwambiri komanso owala kwambiri pawindo. Dulani masamba osasowa kuthirira.
Choncho, tiyeni tidziwe malamulo oyang'anira kusamalira gloxinia yokongola, panthawi yopumula.
- Kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa September, pamene maluwa otsiriza akufalikira, timachepetsa kuthirira ndikukana kudyetsa. Masamba owuma ayenera kuchotsedwa pamodzi ndi tsinde, mpeni, chotsani njira 1cm kuchokera pansi. Ngati n'kotheka, musiye masamba awiri pansi.
- Masamba omalizira atangomwalira, chotsani nthaka kuchokera ku dothi ndi zotsalira za mizu. Ndipo mkati mwake, mutatseke mwatsatanetsatane, yikani thumba la mchenga wouma m'firiji, pansipa. Angasamutsire ku khonde ngati kutentha kukusiyana pakati pa madigiri 10-15.
- Tubers amasungidwa mpaka masika. Nthawi ndi nthawi ndikofunika kufufuza ngati palivunda ndikuletsa chinyezi. Mukamawonongeka, m'pofunikira kuchotsa mosamala ndi kuyambitsa minofu yathanzi ndi makala opunduka. Timapereka tuber kuti iume ndi kubwereranso kumalo.
Mitundu yathu ya tubers imadzuka masika kuyambira kumapeto kwa February mpaka pakati pa April.
Chithunzi
Komanso, yang'anani chithunzi cha duwa pansi pa dzina loti "Synningia":
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji syninghy?
Malingaliro ofunika
Gloxinia amaonedwa kuti ndi chomera chodabwitsa kwambiri. Diameter ya duwa ndi masentimita 15. Mitundu ya chikhalidwe imapita m'mapiri a Amazon. Malo otsetsereka okhala m'mizinda, nthawi zina zomera pamtunda wotsetsereka zimangokhala ndi mizu yake yokha. Choncho, posamalira gloxinia kunyumba pansi pa mphika ayenera kuika madzi osachepera 3-4 masentimitandipo tuber yokha imadetsedwa ndi nthaka zosaposa 1 masentimita.
Chovala cha pot gloxinia chofanana ndi kukula kwa tuber. Kwa kafukufuku wamng'ono, mphamvu ya 7-9 masentimita m'mimba mwake ndi yokwanira, ndipo wakale maluwa a tuber adzakhazikika mizu mu mphika mpaka masentimita 15.
Gloxinia salola kulemba. Maluwa amafunika kuvala mineral, yomwe imachitika kawiri pa mwezi (mukhoza kupeza momwe mungaperekere chakudya cha gloxinia, apa). M'masitolo apadera, wogulitsa angakuuzeni ndendende yomwe ili yabwino pa mtundu wanu. Pambuyo powerenga mauthengawa, timayankha njira yothetsera vutoli, timathirira m'mphepete mwa nthaka. Ndibwino kuti tichite zimenezi mvula ikadutsa masana, ndipo makamaka madzulo, kuti dzuŵa lisasokoneze chigawo cha kukula ndi masamba a zomera.
Pamaso maluwa, organic feteleza alternate ndi nitrogenous (potaziyamu nitrate, ammonium nitrate). Pambuyo ndi phosphoric (superphosphate, phosphoric acid potassium), ngati izi sizitheka, ndiye kuti mphukira yamkuntho idzadzuka, izi zidzasiya kukula bwino.
Kodi ndikufunika kupopera mbewu?
Monga ndi chinthu chilichonse mu nyumbayi, fumbi imakhalanso pamaluwa, omwe ndi ovuta kuposa kupopera mbewu. Ziri zovuta kuti chomera chipume chifukwa cha fumbi lalikulu.
Tsopano ponena za chinthu chachikulu, izo zimaletsedwa mwachindunji kupopera Gloxinia, ngati masamba akuda amavunda mwamsanga. Koma pali njira yotulukira. Muyenera kukonza kusamba maluwa. Pang'ono pang'ono, ndi swab ya thonje, tsambulani masamba osasamba ndi madzi ofunda ndipo mwamsanga mudzaume ndi tsitsi lalitali, kapena mukonzeke kayendedwe kabwino mu khitchini ndi zotentha. Pankhaniyi, masamba a zomerawo adzawuma mwamsanga. Idzapindula chomeracho, ndipo chidzakuthokozani, chifukwa cha khama lanu, ndi maluwa owala kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Sungunulani masamba okha, tuber, mulimonsemo, ndizosatheka kuti mvula. Pambuyo kusamba, muyenera kupereka maluwa abwino owuma, pamalo amdima ndi ofunda, musanabwerere ku dzuwa. Apo ayi, chomeracho chidzatentha kwambiri ndikufa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera, chomeracho chikufooka ndipo chimayamba kutengeka ndi matenda ndi kugawa tizirombo. Matenda owopsa kwambiri ndi nkhungu zakuda.Zikuwoneka ngati malo a kuwala kofiira. Pa matenda, pakamwetsa kwambiri, mizu ya mbewu imayamba kuvunda. Powdery mildew ndi blackleg ndizotheka. Pogula chomera m'sitolo ndikubweretsa kwa abwenzi, kuti muteteze, yambani mankhwalawa ndi potaziyamu permanganate kapena fungicide.
Kuwonjezera pa matenda a gloxinia, tizilombo tingathe kukhumudwitsa. Zina mwa zowonongeka zowonongeka ndi cyclamen ndi akangaude. M'nyengo yozizira, thrips ndi mealy tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingawononge tubers. Kusakaniza ndi mowa kapena brandy, panthawiyi, kudzathamangitsa tizirombo. Mankhwala monga mpikisano ndi fitoverm amateteza zomera m'nyengo yozizira ndi chilimwe.
Timapereka kuŵerenga za matenda a tsamba la gloxinia m'nkhaniyi.
Kutsiliza
Zitsamba zam'mlengalenga zimakhala ndi mitundu 25, zina zimatha pachimake chaka chonse. Kuwona malangizo ophweka pa chisamaliro ndi kulima, aliyense wa iwo akhoza kukula mizu kwanu. Mabelu amenewa amathamanga kwambiri.
