Mankhwala a Nitox 200 amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala matendawa kuti athe kuchiza matenda a bakiteriya, komanso mavuto a bakiteriya m'matenda, mbuzi, nkhumba, ng'ombe ndi ziweto zina. Nitox ya mankhwala ndi mankhwala owoneka bwino a bulauni omwe amavuta kwambiri.
Anagulitsidwa poika makina 20, 50 ndi 100 ml muzitsulo zamagalasi, osakanizidwa ndi makapu a mphira ndi aluminiyamu akuthamanga. Chotsani chilichonse chiyenera kukhala ndi zambiri zokhudza wopanga (dzina, adiresi, chizindikiro), dzina la mankhwala, mankhwala othandiza (dzina ndi zomwe zilipo), mlingo wa madzi mu chidebe, nambala ya batch ndi tsiku lomaliza. Kuonjezerapo, botolo lapachiyambi ndi mankhwala a Nitox 200 ayenera kutsatiridwa ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito zomwe zili muzochipatala.
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito komanso yogwiritsira ntchito, Nitoks 200
Mavitamini othandizira mankhwalawa a Nitox ndi oxytetracycline dihydrate, mankhwala a tetracycline omwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pochiza nyama, komanso m'zipatala (makamaka matenda a chibayo, bronchitis ndi matenda ena opatsirana a bakiteriya). Monga momwe dzina limasonyezera, Nitox imakhala ndi 200 mg yogwiritsira ntchito 1 ml yokonzekera. Kuonjezera apo, mawonekedwe a mlingowo amaphatikizapo mbali yothandizira - mankhwala osokoneza bongo a magnesium oxide, rongalite, monoethanolamine, omwe amalola kuti nthawi yayitali iwonjezere zotsatira za mankhwala pa causative wothandizira matendawa.
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito oxytetracycline pa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kuti, monga tetracyclines ena, mankhwalawa amalepheretsa kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya ndipo amachititsa kuchepetsa kwathunthu kwa kukula kwawo (chomwe chimatchedwa bacteriostasis), ndipo mankhwalawa akhoza kukhala ndi mphamvu zoterozo osati kokha mabakiteriya omwe amapezeka ndi zotsatira za maantibayotiki (Gram (+)), komanso mabakiteriya omwe angathe kulimbana ndi mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yaitali (Gram (-)).
Mukudziwa? Kugawidwa kwa mabakiteriya kukhala gram-positive ndi gram-hasi, yotsegulidwa ndi Danish microbiologist Hans Christian Joachim Gram, umachokera ku zigawo za chigoba cha tizilombo: kumakhala kovuta kwambiri khoma la maselo, chovuta kwambiri kuti mankhwala alowe mkati mwake ndi kuyamba kuyambira. Mndandanda wa mabakiteriya mwa njira imeneyi unatchulidwa dzina lake pambuyo powululira ndipo unasintha kwenikweni mu zamoyo zazing'onoting'ono ndi zamagetsi.
Mndandanda wa mabakiteriya omwe amapezeka ndi oxytetracycline ndi ochuluka kwambiri. Izi zimaphatikizapo zosiyanasiyana staphylococci, streptococci, Corynebacteria, Clostridia, Salmonella, Pasteurella, Erisiperotriks, Fuzobakterii, Pseudomonads, Actinobacteria, Chlamydia, Escherichia, Rickettsia, Spirochetes.
Zomwe zili pamwambazi za mankhwala a ziweto za Nitox zimadziwitsa kuti zimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji motsutsana ndi matenda a bakiteriya monga chibayo, pasteurellosis, mastitis, keratoconjunctivitis, purulent nyamakazi, ziboda zowola, zowononga rhinitis, abscesses, chlamydia mimba, metritis-mastitis-agalactia syndrome, umbilical sepsis, aplasmosis, peritonitis, pleurisy ndi ena ambiri. Kuwonjezera apo, nitox imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda osiyanasiyana opuma, komanso matenda omwe amabwera pambuyo povulala ndi kubereka. Matenda opatsirana samadziwika kuti amachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo, koma motsutsana nawo, zinyama zingakhale ndi zovuta za chikhalidwe cha bakiteriya, zomwe zimagonjetsedwa bwino ndi jekeseni wa mankhwala a nitox 200.
Mankhwalawa amathamangitsidwa kwambiri mu ziwalo ndi minofu ya nyama, mpaka kufika pamtundu wofunikira mkati mwa theka la ola pambuyo pa jekeseni wamkati. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala othandizira kuti akwaniritse chithandizo cha mankhwala kumasungidwa mu seramu kwa masiku atatu ndipo imatulutsidwa mu bile ndi mkodzo.
Ndikofunikira! Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa muyenera kunyalanyaza malingaliro anu kuti alowe mu mkaka. Pambuyo pa jekeseni wa nyama za nitox 200 mchere wawo sangathe kudyedwa mwa mtundu uliwonse kwa sabata. Mkaka ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawiyi popatsa zinyama, koma atangotentha. Nyama ya nyama iphedwa pasanathe milungu itatu mutatha mankhwala osokoneza bongo angagwiritsidwenso ntchito podyetsa zinyama kapena kupanga pfupa.
Malangizo ogwiritsiridwa ntchito Nitox 200 mu mankhwala a zinyama, mlingo ndi njira zogwiritsiridwa ntchito
Kukonzekera kwa nitoxox 200 pochiza nyama nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mtundu umodzi wa jekeseni wakuya, koma malangizo ndi mlingo woyenera ayenera kupezeka kwa veterinarian.
Kuonjezera apo, monga momwe zasonyezera, chida chilichonse cha nitox mu mankhwala owona za ziweto ayenera kupatsidwa malangizo othandizira nyama.
Wopanga amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pamlingo wa 1 ml ya yankho pa 10 kg ya kulemera kwake kwa nyama, zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, 200 mg.
Ngati chikhalidwe cha chiweto chili choopsa, patatha masiku atatu jekeseni ikhoza kubwerezedwa, koma lamulo lotsatira liyenera kuwonetsedwa: pamalo omwewo nyama yayikulu sayenera kuperekedwa kwa oposa 20ml ya mankhwala; chifukwa cha nyama zing'onozing'ono, malire awa ndi ochepera 2 mpaka 4. Pa milandu yovuta kwambiri, ngati mlingo wa mankhwalawo umadutsa malirewo, jekeseniyo iyenera kuperekedwa kwa chinyama panthawi ina, ndikugawira mankhwalawo pamtunda.
Nyama ingakhale ndi zotsatira zowopsa kwa mankhwala. Kawirikawiri imawonekera mu kufiira kwa khungu, kuwonjezera apo, chinyama chingayambe kulimba mwamphamvu malo opangira jekeseni. Mawonetseredwewa, monga lamulo, amadzidutsa okha panthawi yochepa, komabe ngati mchitidwewo uli wolimba kwambiri (makamaka ngati mlingo woyenera wa mankhwalawo wapitirira), thupi la nyama liyenera kuthandizidwa kulimbana ndi kuledzera pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otero, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya magnesium, monga calcium boron gluconate kapena calcium chloride. .
Ponena za kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa a Nitox 200 kwa magulu ena a nyama, wopanga amalangiza mankhwalawa:
- ng'ombe (kuphatikizapo ng'ombe) - kuchokera ku pleurisy, diphtheria, zowola zowola, pasteurellosis, keratoconjunctivitis, aplasmosis;
- nkhumba - kuchokera ku pleurisy, pasteurellosis, atrophic rhinitis, erysipelas, MMA syndrome, purulent nyamakazi, umbilical sepsis, abscesses, postpartum infections;
- nkhosa ndi mbuzi - kuchokera ku peritonitis, metritis, kuvunda kwa ziboda, ndi mimba ya chlamydia.
Mawu ochepa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito nitox pochiza akalulu ndi mbalame.
Akalulu, monga mukudziwira, ndi ena mwa zovuta kwambiri kubzala ziweto. Iwo ali amphamvu kuposa ena omwe akuyimira nyamazo ali ndi matenda osiyanasiyana omwe angapangitse kufa mosayembekezereka ndi kosakondweretsa kwa ziweto zonse.
Vutoli likuwonjezeredwa ndi mfundo yakuti posachedwapa, obereketsa sanasonyeze kuti ali ndi chidwi chokwera ndi mitundu yatsopano yopatsa zipatso, yomwe imatumizidwa kuchokera kutali komweko popanda kuganizira mofatsa za makhalidwe a nyumba zawo ndi matenda omwe nyamazi zimawonekera. Chotsatira chake, pamodzi ndi anthu atsopanowa, matenda ena atsopano amalowa m'dera lathu, zomwe mderalo sizikukonzekera. Komanso, ziweto zoterezi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda mphamvu, chifukwa, chifukwa chakuti sadziwa bwino matenda ena, satha kudziwa bwinobwino kapena kupereka mankhwala othandiza.
Pankhani imeneyi, obereketsa kawirikawiri amayenera kudalira mphamvu zawo ndi kuchita zovuta zowononga, pofuna kupulumutsa ziweto zawo. Ndipotu, mwa njirayi, adafunsidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa akalulu, makamaka ngati zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuwonekera: kusowa chakudya kapena kukana kwathunthu chakudya, kusagwira ntchito komanso kusowa zochita (mwachitsanzo, chinyama chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukakumana ndi mwiniwakeyo mosangalala, ndipo tsopano sakhala pambali pangodya), kukokera, kupopera, kuyera kapena kumwa madzi.
Chifukwa china chodandaula ndi chakuti kalulu amayamba kukukuta mano kapena kupukuta mphuno zake nthawi zonse. Zizindikiro izi zikhoza kukhala maonekedwe a myxomatosis, matenda opatsirana omwe amawopsa kwambiri omwe amatha kufa popanda kutenga zowopsa. Odwala akale, monga lamulo, amalengeza kuti azikhalitsa okhaokha ndipo amaumirira kupha anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka, kumene kuli kovuta kuti mwini wachikondi ndi wanzeru avomereze.
Ambiri a abambo a kalulu amatsimikizira kuti matendawa amachiritsidwa ndi jekeseni wa nitox, ngakhale kuti mphamvu za maantibayotiki poteteza matenda opatsirana akhala akutsutsidwa ndi asayansi. Komabe, ngati matendawa sali olondola ndipo kwenikweni kalulu akudwala matenda a bakiteriya, ndipo vetiti imayesetsa kupha - bwanji osayesa kusunga nyama? Odyetsa amalimbikitsa kuti mankhwalawa akhale ochepa mu 0,5 ml kwa akuluakulu ndi 0.1 ml ya kalulu, kubwereza jekeseni, ngati kuli kofunikira, tsiku lililonse mpaka katatu.
Komabe, popeza wopanga mankhwala samasonyeza kuti angathe kugwiritsa ntchito akalulu, kuyesera kumeneku kungatheke pokhapokha ngati padzakhala pangozi komanso kuti wofalitsa kalulu akhoza kukhala ndi chiopsezo.
Zomwe tafotokoza pamwambazi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pogwiritsira ntchito nitox pochiza nkhuku: Malangizo a wopanga samapereka mwayi woterewu, ngakhale alimi a nkhuku amagwiritsira ntchito bwino, komanso akuwongolera zomwe akuzitchula.
Kotero Ngati nkhuku zikuphulika ndi kuzizira, zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha laryngotracheitis (matenda opatsirana kwambiri), komanso, zizindikiro zofanana ndizo matenda ena, monga pasteurellosis (matenda a chiberekero); mycoplasmosis, causative wothandizira omwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mavairasi kapena mabakiteriya; syngamosis chifukwa cha helminth; nkhuku, komanso matenda a tizilombo monga nthomba ndi matenda a chideru.
Monga mukuonera, kuthandizira nkhuku ndi ma antibiotic popanda kuonana ndi veterinarian ndikudziwiratu molondola ndikuthamanga ku Russia. Komabe, alimi ambiri a nkhuku amachita izi: amasakaniza nitox (1 ml pa 1 lita imodzi ya madzi) kulowa mukumwa kwa nkhuku zowononga, ngati mbalame zimatha kudya chakudya chawo, ndipo muzovuta kwambiri zimapanga jekeseni imodzi ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo (mu nyama yanga), kuwerengera mlingo malinga ndi malangizo (0.1 ml pa 1 makilogalamu ambiri).
Mukudziwa? Maantibayotiki ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, choncho ayenera kuchitidwa mosamala kwambiri. Choncho, lingaliro lomwe likupezeka kuti pambuyo poti matenda adatha, n'zotheka kusiya kumwa mankhwala kuti asapangitse thupi kuti liwononge thupi, chifukwa chaichi, matenda opatsirana mwachisawawa amalowa mwachangu, ndikupanga mapeto a mabakiteriya omwe sagwidwa ndi mankhwalawa. Mwachitsanzo, pakalipano, ku China, E. coli wotsutsa onse, ngakhale mankhwala osokoneza bongo amakono, apezeka!
Ndicho chifukwa chake, monga mankhwala ena alionse a antibiotic, mankhwalawa amatanthauza kuti Nitox imayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati pali chithandizo chodziwikiratu komanso pamaganizo a veterinarian. Kuyesera kulikonse komweko ndi mankhwala ofanana ndiwo kungayipitse osati nyama yokha, komanso chilengedwe chonse, chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwiritsidwa ntchito kumayambitsa chiwopsezo cha zomera zosagonjetsedwa zomwe sizikhoza kutsutsidwa ndi mankhwala atsopano a mankhwala.
Ubwino wa mankhwala a Nitox 200
Mankhwala otchedwa Nitoks ali ndi ubwino wambiri wosatsutsika poyerekezera ndi mitundu ina ya machitidwe ofanana. Kuphatikiza pa teknoloji yopangidwa ndi mavitamini ovomerezeka komanso kutsimikiziridwa kwakukulu kwa mankhwalawa poyambitsa matenda ambiri a nkhumba, ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe zazing'ono, ziyenera kuwonetsa:
mtengo wochepa wa mankhwala;- kafukufuku wamfupi (monga lamulo, jekeseni imodzi ndi yokwanira), yomwe ili yabwino kwa anthu ambiri;
- zotsatira zofulumira (monga momwe zasonyezera, mankhwalawa amalowa mu magazi mwa mphindi 30);
- kuchitapo kanthu kwa mankhwala mobwerezabwereza, kulola kuti ntchito yogwiritsidwa ntchito ikhale yotetezedwa m'magazi ndi ziwalo za nyama zomwe zili m'ndende zofunikira kuti azichiritsidwe kwa masiku osaposa atatu kuchokera mu jekeseni.
mtengo wochepa wa mankhwala;Zisamaliro ndi malo osungirako
Mankhwala a Nitox 200 sakulimbikitsidwa kuti aziphatikizidwa ndi mahomoni a estrogenic ndi corticosteroid, komanso ma antibayotiki ena, makamaka penicillin ndi magulu a cephalosporin (potsirizira pake, zotsatira za zotsatira za mankhwala pa causative wodwala wa matendawa zachepa kwambiri).
Ndikofunikira! Wopanga mwayekha amachenjeza za kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuti azitsatira amphaka, agalu ndi akavalo!
Kuwonetsanso kwachitsulo kumathandizanso kuti nyama zisagonje, komanso kusagwirizana ndi mankhwala omwe amapezeka m'thupi la tetracycline.
Malingana ndi kukula kwa thupi, mankhwalawa ali m'gulu lachitatu la ngozi (zinthu zoopsa kwambiri). Ndikofunika kuigwiritsa ntchito poganizira zofunikira za ukhondo ndi malamulo otetezeka omwe amalangizidwe ndi wopanga, komanso zomwe zimawonedwa pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ena owona za ziweto.
Mofanana ndi mankhwala ena amphamvu, Nitox 200 iyenera kusungidwa ndi ana ndipo ikhale yosiyana ndi mankhwala ena. Kusungirako zinthu - malo amdima owuma, kutentha kwa 0 ° С - + 20 ° С.
Pambuyo pa tsiku lomaliza (miyezi 18 kuchokera pa tsiku lopanga), mankhwalawa ayenera kuwonongedwa.
