Mbalame zimatengedwa kuti ndi bowa wotchuka komanso wokondedwa, osati pa tebulo lathu, koma padziko lonse lapansi. Pali mazana a maphikidwe ndi bowa: Chiyukireniya krucheniki, juliens achifaransa ndi zonona zonona, pizza ya ku Italy ndi pasitala ndi msuzi, yowutsa mudyo saladi ndi masamba ndi masamba, pies komanso ngakhale chophimba! Kuwonjezera pa zodabwitsa gastronomic makhalidwe, champignons komanso ambiri opindulitsa ndi kuchiritsa katundu. Ngati si onse, ndiye kwambiri, nkhani yathu idzafotokozera za champignons.
Kalori ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi champhamvu
Osadandaula za makilogalamu angati m'minda yowonjezera, osapindulitsa. Kalori bowa otsika - 27 kcal pa 100 g zipangizo. Mphepete ali ndi zakudya zabwino kwambiri: mapuloteni - 4.3 g, mafuta - 1 g, chakudya - 0.1 g, zakudya zamtundu - 2.6 g, madzi - 91 g
Mphepete muli mavitamini (A (RE), beta-carotene, magulu B, C, E (TE), PP (NE), niacin), macronutrients (potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, chlorine), microelements (iron, iodini, cobalt, molybdenum, rubidium, fluorine, chromium, zinki), mafuta acids.
Bowa wodyetsedwa akhoza kugawa magawo anayi a zakudya. Gawo loyamba limaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri yokoma ndi mapuloteni, mavitamini ndi mchere (mapewa, bowa, bowa). Champignon wamba ndi gawo lachiwiri, omwe oimira ali ndi zakudya zochepa zowonjezera zakudya ndi zakudya.
Mukudziwa? Mawu akuti "champignon" omasulira kuchokera ku French amatanthauza "bowa" chabe. Dzina la Chiyukireniya la bowa ndi "Pecheritsa", dzina lachi Belarusiya ndi "Pyachuritsa", dzina lachiPolish ndi "pieczarka", dzina lachiBulgaria ndi "Piecharka".
Ubwino wa bowa kwa thupi
Chitsimikizo chopindulitsa cha mimbulu yazimayi ndicho kukhalapo kwa folic acid (vitamini B9). Vitamini iyi imakhudzidwa mu njira zambiri za thupi: pakupanga maselo ofiira a m'magazi ndi mtima wamaganizo, m'thupi ndi m'magetsi, m'kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa machitidwe a chitetezo cha mthupi ndi amanjenje.
Koma gawo lalikulu la vitamini limasewera pa ntchito yobereka ya thupi lachikazi: Ndilofunika kwambiri pa nthawi ya mimba. Folic acid imaphatikizapo mapangidwe a pulasitiki ndipo ndizofunika kuti mwanayo akhale ndi thanzi labwino.
Ndiponso, kupanga maselo ndi ziphuphu za mwana wosabadwa ndi zofunika amino acid, zomwe ziri mu bowa.
Mankhwalawa amakhala otsika kwambiri ndipo ali ndi mapuloteni ambiri komanso antioxidants, amafulumira kudya, musadwale kwambiri ziwalo za m'mimba za mayi wamtsogolo. Mavitamini ndi mchere opezeka m'matumbo ndi ofunikira kuti amayi ndi mwanayo akhale ndi thanzi labwino.
Vitamini B2 imakhudza kwambiri ntchito ya mitsempha ndi mazira. Vitamini D, yomwe imayambitsa mapangidwe a fupa, imateteza osteoporosis. Potaziyamu ndi yopindulitsa kwa thupi: imalimbitsa mtima wa minofu, normalizes kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi mtima wamtima, kumapangitsa kuti magazi apereke ubongo.
Sodium imathandizira machitidwe onse a thupi. Phosphorous normalizes kagayidwe kamene kamayambitsa matenda, amachititsa kuti mitsempha yathetseretu komanso imatulutsa kutopa, imayankhula thupi lonse. Kugwiritsa ntchito Omega-6 fatty acid ndiko kupewa matenda a atherosclerosis ndi kutupa njira.
Mukudziwa? Bowa uli ndi mavitamini ambiri B kuposa masamba atsopano, ndipo mafuta ndi zakudya zamchere zimapangitsa mchere kukhala wothandiza kwa ashuga.
Bowa: Zakudya ndi Zaumoyo
Mafinya chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa khalori, mphamvu yapamwamba yapamwamba ndi kuchepa kwa zakudya ndi zakudya zamagetsi.
Chifukwa cha mapuloteni ambiri ndi zakudya zam'mimba, zakudya zowonjezera thupi zimakhudza thupi, koma sizimapangitsa mafuta kukhalapo, komanso kuchuluka kwa masamba a zamasamba kumathetsa njala komanso kumapangitsa kuti thupi likhale ndi mphamvu.
Kufunsa ngati maluwa angathenso kulemera angayankhidwe motere: osati kungotheka, koma kofunikira!
Mapuloteni ambiri omwe amapezeka mosavuta amathandiza kuti mafuta asatayikire komanso amathandiza kuti minofu ikhale yolimba, kusiyana ndi nkhumba zomwe zingakhale zothandiza kwa amuna omwe amasewera masewera.
Ndikofunikira! Mitengo imalimbikitsidwa kuti ikhale ndi chakudya kwa anthu omwe amagwira ntchito mwakuthupi, kuti aziwongolera kukumbukira komanso kukumbukira.
Mphepete zilipo, zokoma komanso zosavuta kukonzekera mbale. Amaphika, yokazinga, amaphika, amawotcha, amawotcha. Zikhoza kukhala mbali yodyera nyama ndi nsomba, zikhale gawo la zakudya zopanda zakudya komanso masamba.
Mphepete zimagwirizana bwino ndi masamba, tirigu, masamba, batala, kirimu wowawasa ndi mafuta onunkhira, moyenera mogwirizana ndi nyama ndi tchizi ndipo osati kuphatikiza ndi mkaka, kanyumba tchizi, zipatso, mtedza ndi shuga. Kuchokera m'mapanga opangira mungathe kuphika saladi wathanzi komanso wathanzi.
Saladi ndi Chinese kabichi.
Peel ndi kuwaza 200 g atsopano maluwa. Thirani bowa ndi msuzi wa soya msuzi, maolivi, mandimu (2 supuni), 2 clove odulidwa a adyo, mchere, tsabola ndi shuga, tulukani kuti mukatenge maola angapo. Kenaka wonjezerani kabichi wodula ndi kuwaza anyezi (shallot kapena woyera) ndi masamba (zobiriwira anyezi, parsley, katsabola, cilantro) asanatumikire.
Saladi ndi arugula ndi parmesan.
Peel ndi kudula 300 g wa masamba yaiwisi, kutsanulira madzi a mandimu pamwamba pawo kuti asapezeke okosijeni. Konzani msuzi ku mafuta a maolivi, uchi, mandimu, adyo, chili cha msuzi, mchere ndi tsabola. Sambani ndi kuuma masamba arugula, grate Parmesan pa coarse grater. Ikani arugula, bowa, tomato wa chitumbuwa (osayang'aniridwa ndi pang'ono) pa mbale, kutsanulira ndi kuvala, kuwaza ndi anyezi wobiriwira ndi parmesan. Mukhoza kutenga malo arugula ndi masamba a letesi, onjezerani ham ndi dzira.
Ndikofunikira! Mphepete ndi nyama yotchipa komanso yotsika mtengo. Alimi amatha kudzaza ndi mapuloteni mothandizidwa ndi champignons.
Kuwonongeka kwa bowa
Ndizomveka kufunsa funso ngati n'kotheka kupha poizoni ndi mimbulu, chifukwa nthawi zina bowa izi zimakhala ndi zoopsa.
Kusonkhanitsa bowa m'nkhalango, mukhoza kusokoneza maluwa omwe ali ndi mitundu ina ya mtundu uwu, osayenera chakudya, komanso bowa woopsa womwewo.
Mitundu yoopsa ya maluwa Kawirikawiri zimakula m'nkhalango zosakanikirana ndi zowonongeka ndipo zimaoneka pakati pa chilimwe. Zitha kupezeka m'mapaki ndi minda, pafupi ndi malo okhalamo. Mitundu yoopsa imamva fungo la mankhwala, "mankhwala osokoneza bongo", omwe ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi zakudya, komanso nkhumba zoopsa zimazindikiridwa mwa kukanikiza ndi kudula: thupi lawo limatembenuka chikasu. Pophika, madzi ndi bowa zimakhala zachikasu.
Mbalame yamtundu ndi yowala imatha kuuluka Zingakhale zofanana mofanana, koma makhalidwe ena amalola kuti tisiyanitse ndi maluwa enieni. Mabala a bowa woopsa nthawizonse amakhalabe ndi chipale chofewa (mosiyana ndi masamba), akadulidwa ndi kupanikizidwa, bowa wotere sichimawoneka chikasu, ndipo mizu imatha kuoneka pansi pa miyendo.
Mukudziwa? Pali mitundu pafupifupi 200 ya bowa la Champignon (Agaricus). Chomera kwambiri ndi Agaricus bisporus. Zakudya ziwiri zimadya champignon, munda wamunda (umakula pafupi ndi mitengo yolima), chimanga champhamvu (chomwe chimapezeka m'mphepete mwa nkhalango ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja), nkhalango zam'madzi zimadyanso.
Kupha poizoni ndi nkhuku kumakhala kotheka ngati mutadya bowa wakale komanso yoonongeka kapena mumadera osangalatsa (pafupi ndi misewu, madontho). Zakudya zam'chitini zochokera ku bowa zomwe zinkaphikidwa pulogalamu yamakono kapena zosungidwa molakwika ziribe chitetezo cha thanzi.Zizindikiro zoyamba za poizoni zimawonekera patapita maola angapo: colic, kunyoza ndi kusanza, ndi kutsekula m'mimba kumachitika mmimba. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kusamba m'mimba ndi kutenga sorbent (activated carbon) kuteteza kuyamwa kwa poizoni. Pa milandu yovuta, onetsetsani kupita kuchipatala.
Chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa zakudya zosafunikira (chitin), ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito bowa kwa ana ang'onoang'ono komanso anthu omwe ali ndi chiwindi chosachiritsika.
Azimayi oyembekeza amakhala bwino pakana kumwa mchere, zophika komanso zouma, ntchito yawo imalimbikitsidwanso ngati matendawa ali ndi vuto la chifuwa chachikulu.
Ndikofunikira! Mitundu yosafunika kudya ndi yapulopeni yamtundu komanso chimphepo chamtundu wachikasu, kapena champagne yamagazi.
Maski odyetsa a maluwa
Kugwiritsa ntchito bowa ku cosmetology ndi njira yosavomerezeka kwambiri. Masks odyetsa Bowa amakonzedwa m'njira zingapo. Amakhulupirira kuti amapereka khungu ndi khungu kwa khungu.
- Dulani bowa pang'ono, kuphatikiza ndi kefir, yesani kwa theka la ora pa nkhope yowuma.
- Mafinya odulidwa wothira kirimu wowawasa, mowa wa tiyi wobiriwira ndi oatmeal. Yesetsani kuyang'ana kwa mphindi 20.
- Sakanizani supuni 2 ya bowa wophika wophika, supuni 1 ya kirimu wowawasa ndi nettle kulowetsedwa. Ikani pa nkhope kwa mphindi 15, yambani ndi madzi osiyana, pukutani nkhope ndi decoction ya chamomile kapena tiyi.
Momwe mungasankhire maluwa pamene mukugula
Kawirikawiri, champignons ndi bowa wotetezeka kwambiri, ngakhale amadya yaiwisi, koma ayenera kukhala atsopano. Zambiri za bowa zimatha kuweruzidwa ndi chipolopolocho. 
Bowa mwatsopano - zoyera (kapena ndi timing'onoting'ono ta beige), popanda utomoni, zowonongeka ndi kuwonongeka, wandiweyani mpaka kukhudza, ndi zokoma za bowa fungo ndi matte pamwamba. Firimuyi ikugwirizanitsa kapu ku mwendo iyenera kukhala yosasunthika. Ngati chipewa chiri ndi imvi ndipo chiwonongeko, bowa palokha ndi yofewa, yotsekemera ndi fungo la yonyowa pokonza, mwinamwake, bowa izi zasungidwa mu sitolo kwa nthawi yaitali.
Bowa wosiyana-siyana amasankhidwa mosiyana. Nkhumba zazing'ono zimakhala zosavuta kuti zisamalire ndi saladi, zamkati - chifukwa cha supu, pies ndi pizza, zazikulu - kuzizira, kuphika ndi kuphika.
Kusungirako ndi kusinthidwa kwa maluwa atsopano
Mukhoza kusunga bowa m'njira zambiri: owuma, amaundana, pickle, pickle.
Kusungirako kozizira
Mu furiji, mchere akhoza kuthera patatha sabata, kenako amayamba kuwonongeka. Mowa watsopano wopanda processing ayenera kuikidwa mu furiji. Mtengo wautali kwambiri (masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi limodzi (5-6) uli ndi mapuloteni atakulungidwa mu thumba la pepala mu bokosi lasungirako la masamba, kumene kutentha ndi 2 ° C. Mu chotsekedwa chatsekedwa pa mapepala apakati, bowa amasungidwa osapitirira masiku atatu.
Kusaka
Pokukonzekera kuyanika, bowa amawombera ndi kudula. Ngati atsulidwa, adzauma nthawi yaitali ndipo akhoza kudima. Kenaka amaikidwa pa pepala lophika ndipo amawuma mwachilengedwe padzuwa, mu uvuni kapena wouma. Kumaliza kumayidwa kumasungidwa m'matumba a nsalu kapena mitsuko ya galasi ku khitchini kapena firiji.
Frost
Kwa nthawi yaitali kusungiramo bowa kumamatira. Pazitsamba izi, simungatenge mwatsopano, komanso mchere wothandizidwa ndi kutentha. Bowa watsopano ayenera kutsukidwa, kusakanizidwa ndi kudulidwa (mwasankha), zouma ndi kutumizidwa ku amafiriji.
Bowa, wophikidwa mu madzi amchere, ayenera kuponyedwa mmbuyo mu colander ndi zouma pamaso pa kuzizira, ndipo bowa wokazinga ayenera utakhazikika. Mukhozanso kuyimitsa bowa ophikidwa mu uvuni. Kuti mumve mosavuta, bowa ikhoza kugawidwa m'magawo mwa kuika m'magawo osiyana kapena phukusi. 
Maluwa atsopano achitsulo akhoza kusungidwa miyezi 1-1.5, ndipo amasinthidwa - mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Komabe, lero bowa amatha kugulitsidwa pafupi ndi sitolo iliyonse, kotero kusungirako kwa nthawi yaitali sikungatheke ngati pali mwayi wogula mapira atsopano nthawi iliyonse.
Salting
Zakudya zophika zingadye mwamsanga kapena zakonzedwa m'nyengo yozizira.
Chinsinsi cha chimfine chozizira chozizira.
Mudzafunika 0,5 makilogalamu a champignons, anyezi wamkulu, 3 cloves a adyo, 1 tsabola wofiira, mchere, mafuta a masamba, ma peppercorns wakuda.
Osambitsidwa, peeled ndi sliced Mipanga imayikidwa mu chidebe ndipo imakhedwa ndi mchere. Muzitsulo zamapulasitiki kapena ndowa, kusakaniza pang'ono, zigawo za bowa, anyezi amachepetsedwa mu mphete zatheka, mphete zingapo za adyo ndi tsabola. Pamwamba muyenera kuwonjezera tsabola ndi kutsanulira pa mafuta a masamba. Pambuyo pa mphindi 40, zomwe zili mkatizo zidzatulutsa madzi kuti azitsanulira. Pambuyo tsiku m'firiji, bowa wofiira ndi wokonzeka.
Chinsinsi cha mafinya ozizira ozizira mu kabati.
Pambuyo pa salting yaikulu, bowa liyenera kukonzedwa: kutsuka, kutsuka ndi kuviika mu njira yothetsera madzi ozizira (1 lita), salt (10 g) ndi citric acid (2 g), zomwe sizilola kuti bowa lizilumikiza ndikukhala ndi mdima. Kenaka, bowa ayenera kuuma ndi mapepala a pepala, adzalima mphindi zisanu m'madzi otentha, asiye kwa ola limodzi m'madzi awa, ndiye kuthira madzi ozizira ndikukwera mu colander kuti mukhale ozizira.
Kadku posakaniza, nayenso, ayenera kukonzekera: kutsanulira madzi otentha, owuma, kuphimba pansi ndi mchere. Pambuyo poyendetsa, mungathe kuika bowa mu bafa ndi zipewa. Bokosi lililonse la bowa (6 masentimita) limatsanulidwa ndi mchere pa mlingo wa 1.5 tbsp. l pa 1 makilogalamu a champignons. Bowa amadzala ndi nsalu yoyera ya thonje ndipo amaikidwa pansi.
Salting adzatulutsa madzi ndi madzi, ndipo patatha masiku ochepa, malo atsopano a bowa ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ku kabati. Ntchito zoterezi ziyenera kubwerezedwa mpaka bowa likhale lopangidwa ndikulephera kuthetsa, ndipo brine idzaphimba pamwamba pa masentimita awiri. Salting ayenera kukhala pansi pazitsulo m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba kapena pansi. 
Kusamba
Mafinya opangidwa ndi marinated - zokonzedwa zokhazikika-chokha kapena chogwiritsira ntchito saladi ndi zokometsera, zomwe zasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Bowa wosungunuka akhoza kusungidwa mu furiji kuti agwiritse ntchito mwamsanga kapena kutsekedwa kwa nthawi yaitali yosungirako m'nyengo yozizira.
Chinsinsi cha masamba oyamwa.
Zimatenga bokosi limodzi la bokosi, 350ml madzi, 70 ml mafuta a mpendadzuwa, 70 ml ya viniga, 2 tbsp. l shuga, 1 tbsp. l mchere, masamba atatu, ma PC 5. peppercorns, ma PC 4. zojambula.
Bowa amafunika kutsukidwa, kudula mu magawo apakati, kuwonjezera madzi, kubweretsa kwa chithupsa ndikuphika kwa mphindi 20 (opanda mchere). Mwapadera okonzeka brine madzi, vinyo wosasa, masamba mafuta, shuga, mchere ndi zonunkhira. Chokopacho chiyenera kuwira kwa mphindi zingapo. Nkhumba ziyenera kufalikira pamabanki, kutsanulira brine ndi kutseka zids. Ngati nthawi yosungirako ikukonzekera nthawi yayitali, mabanki ayenera kuthiridwa.
Mphuno ikhoza kubweretsa thupi kukhala lopindulitsa, komanso limapweteka kwambiri. Choncho, posankha, kusunga ndi kuphika bowa muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena. Ngati simukudziwa bwino za bowa, ndi bwino kudya maluwa kuchokera ku supinda.
